bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 2, 2023
ABSTRACT
Visual
signals
are
involved
in
many
fitness-related
tasks
and
therefore
essential
for
survival
species.
Aquatic
organisms
ideal
systems
to
study
visual
evolution,
as
the
high
diversity
of
spectral
properties
aquatic
environments
generates
great
potential
adaptation
different
light
conditions.
Flatfishes
an
economically
important
group,
with
over
800
described
species
distributed
globally,
including
halibut,
flounder,
sole
turbot.
The
flatfish
wide
array
they
occupy
provides
excellent
opportunity
understand
how
this
variation
translates
molecular
vision
genes.
Using
models
we
investigated
inhabited
by
lineages
have
shaped
evolution
rhodopsin
gene,
which
is
responsible
mediating
dim-light
transduction.
We
found
strong
evidence
positive
selection
rhodopsin,
was
correlated
both
migratory
behaviour
several
fundamental
aspects
habitat,
depth
freshwater/marine
evolutionary
transitions.
also
identified
mutations
that
likely
affect
wavelength
peak
absorbance
outline
these
shifts
correlate
response
spectrum
present
habitats.
This
first
flatfishes
considers
their
extensive
diversity,
our
results
highlight
ecologically-driven
has
occurred
across
group
transitions
novel
environments.
EvoDevo,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Jan. 5, 2023
Cichlid
fishes
are
a
very
diverse
and
species-rich
family
of
teleost
that
inhabit
lakes
rivers
India,
Africa,
South
Central
America.
Research
has
largely
focused
on
East
African
cichlids
the
Rift
Lakes
Tanganyika,
Malawi,
Victoria
constitute
biodiversity
hotspots
cichlid
fishes.
Here,
we
give
an
overview
study
system,
research
questions,
methodologies.
spans
many
disciplines
including
ecology,
evolution,
physiology,
genetics,
development,
behavioral
biology.
In
this
review,
focus
range
organismal
traits,
coloration
phenotypes,
trophic
adaptations,
appendages
like
fins
scales,
sensory
systems,
sex,
brains,
behaviors.
Moreover,
discuss
studies
phylogenies,
plasticity,
general
evolutionary
patterns,
ranging
from
convergence
to
speciation
rates
proximate
ultimate
mechanisms
underlying
these
processes.
From
methodological
viewpoint,
last
decade
brought
great
advances
in
fish
research,
particularly
through
advent
affordable
deep
sequencing
genetic
manipulations.
The
ability
integrate
across
traits
disciplines,
developmental
biology
ecology
makes
fascinating
system.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(36)
Published: Sept. 6, 2023
Tuning
the
visual
sensory
system
to
ambient
light
is
essential
for
survival
in
many
animal
species.
This
often
achieved
through
duplication,
functional
diversification,
and/or
differential
expression
of
opsin
genes.
Here,
we
examined
753
new
retinal
transcriptomes
from
112
species
cichlid
fishes
Lake
Tanganyika
unravel
adaptive
changes
gene
at
macro-evolutionary
and
ecosystem
level
one
largest
vertebrate
radiations.
We
found
that,
across
radiation,
all
seven
cone
opsins-but
not
rhodopsin-rank
among
most
differentially
expressed
genes
retina,
together
with
other
vision-,
circadian
rhythm-,
hemoglobin-related
propose
two
palettes
characteristic
very
shallow-
deep-water
living
species,
respectively,
show
that
adaptations
along
major
ecological
axes,
macro-habitat
diet,
occur
primarily
via
variation
a
subset
Molecular Ecology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
31(10), P. 2882 - 2897
Published: March 18, 2022
The
visual
sensory
system
is
essential
for
animals
to
perceive
their
environment
and
thus
under
strong
selection.
In
aquatic
environments,
light
intensity
spectrum
differ
primarily
along
a
depth
gradient.
Rhodopsin
(RH1)
the
only
opsin
responsible
dim-light
vision
in
vertebrates
has
been
shown
evolve
response
respective
conditions,
including
water
gradient
fishes.
this
study,
we
examined
diversity
sequence
evolution
of
RH1
virtually
entire
adaptive
radiation
cichlid
fishes
Lake
Tanganyika,
focusing
on
adaptations
environmental
with
respect
depth.
We
show
that
Tanganyikan
genomes
contain
single
copy
RH1.
76
variable
amino
acid
sites
detected
across
were
not
uniformly
distributed
protein
sequence,
31
these
signals
positive
Moreover,
substitutions
at
15
positively
selected
appeared
be
depth-related,
three
key
tuning
directly
mediate
shifts
peak
spectral
sensitivity,
one
site
involved
stability
11
may
functionally
important
basis
physicochemical
properties.
Among
strongest
candidate
deep-water
are
two
known
(positions
292
299)
newly
identified
(37,
104
290).
Our
which
first
comprehensive
analysis
massive
fishes,
provides
novel
insights
into
freshwater
environment.
Ecology and Evolution,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(3)
Published: March 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Evolutionary
transitions
in
water
column
usage
have
played
a
major
role
shaping
ray‐finned
fish
diversity.
However,
the
extent
to
which
vision‐associated
trait
complexity
and
is
coupled
remains
unclear.
Here
we
investigated
relationship
between
depth
niche,
eye
size,
molecular
basis
of
light
detection
across
Antarctic
notothenioid
adaptive
radiation.
Integrating
phylogenetic
comparative
framework
with
data
on
size
occupancy,
provide
support
for
an
acceleration
rate
diversification
nearly
20
million
years
after
initial
Our
results
further
reveal
that
levels
divergence
are
often
highest
closely
related
taxa.
We
analyzed
opsin
tuning
site
sequences
found
changes
representing
repeated
instances
independent
phylogeny
generally
not
associated
habitat
or
species
size.
Collectively,
our
strongly
multiple
evolutionary
pathways
underlie
visual
adaptations
this
iconic
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
289(1986)
Published: Nov. 2, 2022
Fish
often
change
their
habitat
and
trophic
preferences
during
development.
Dramatic
functional
differences
between
embryos,
larvae,
juveniles
adults
also
concern
sensory
systems,
including
vision.
Here,
we
focus
on
the
photoreceptors
(rod
cone
cells)
in
retina
gene
expression
profiles
Using
comparative
transcriptomics
63
species,
belonging
to
23
actinopterygian
orders,
report
general
developmental
patterns
of
opsin
expression,
mostly
suggesting
an
increased
importance
rod
(
RH1
)
long-wavelength-sensitive
opsin,
a
decreasing
shorter
wavelength-sensitive
throughout
Furthermore,
investigate
detail
ontogenetic
changes
14
selected
species
(from
Polypteriformes,
Acipenseriformes,
Cypriniformes,
Aulopiformes
Cichliformes),
examples
expanded
repertoires,
switches
(mostly
within
RH2
increasing
:
ratio
as
evidenced
by
phototransduction
cascade
genes.
Our
findings
provide
molecular
support
for
stage-specific
visual
palettes
ray-finned
fishes
shifts
between,
which
most
likely
arose
response
ecological,
behavioural
physiological
factors.
Hydrobiologia,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 2, 2024
Abstract
The
wide-ranging
photic
conditions
found
across
aquatic
habitats
may
act
as
selective
pressures
that
potentially
drive
the
rapid
evolution
and
diversity
of
visual
system
in
teleost
fish.
Teleost
fish
fine-tune
their
sensitivities
by
regulating
two
components
pigments,
opsin
protein
chromophore.
Compared
with
variation,
chromophore
usage
has
received
little
attention.
Nicaraguan
Midas
cichlid
species
complex,
Amphilophus
cf
citrinellus
[Günther
1864],
independently
colonized
seven
isolated
crater
lakes
different
conditions,
resulting
several
recent
adaptive
radiations.
Here,
we
investigate
variation
cyp27c1
,
main
enzyme
modulating
exchange.
We
measured
expression
environments
wild,
its
genetic
component
laboratory-reared
fish,
response
to
light
during
development.
significantly
predict
wild
populations
this
seems
be
genetically
assimilated
populations.
Furthermore,
light-induced
exhibited
genotype-by-environment
interactions
our
manipulative
experiments.
Overall,
within-lake
was
higher
inversely
related
gene
along
gradient,
emphasizing
key
role
ecology
Molecular Biology and Evolution,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
41(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract
Intraspecific
functional
variation
is
critical
for
adaptation
to
rapidly
changing
environments.
For
visual
opsins,
can
be
characterized
in
vitro
and
often
reflects
a
species’
ecological
niche
but
rarely
considered
the
context
of
intraspecific
or
impact
recent
environmental
changes
on
species
cultural
commercial
significance.
Investigation
postglacial
lakes
provide
key
insight
into
how
rapid
evolution.
Here,
we
report
evidence
molecular
vision
2
lineages
Nearctic
fishes
that
are
deep
lake
specialists:
ciscoes
deepwater
sculpin.
We
found
depth-related
dim-light
pigment
rhodopsin
evolved
convergently
these
lineages.
In
characterization
spectral
sensitivity
convergent
alleles
revealed
blue-shifts
compared
with
other
more
widely
distributed
alleles.
These
blue-shifted
were
only
observed
clear
underwater
environments
enriched
blue
light.
This
provides
remarkably
rhodopsin.
has
important
implications
conservation,
conservation
concern
great
cultural,
commercial,
nutritional
importance
Indigenous
communities.
collaborated
Saugeen
Ojibway
Nation
develop
test
metabarcoding
approach
show
efficient
accurate
recovering
distribution
functionally
relevant
Our
bridges
experimental
analyses
protein
function
genetics-based
tools
used
large-scale
surveys
better
understand
extent
adaptive
variation.