The epigenetics of animal personality

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 105194 - 105194

Published: April 23, 2023

Animal personality, consistent individual differences in behaviour, is an important concept for understanding how individuals vary they cope with environmental challenges. In order to understand the evolutionary significance of animal it crucial underlying regulatory mechanisms. Epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation are hypothesised play a major role explaining variation phenotypic changes response alterations. Several characteristics also align well personality. this review paper, we summarise current literature on that molecular epigenetic mechanisms may have personality variation. We elaborate potential explain behavioural variation, development and temporal consistency behaviour. then suggest future routes emerging field point pitfalls be encountered. conclude more inclusive approach needed studying epigenetics cannot studied without considering genetic background.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic variation in light of population genetic practice

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

The evolutionary impact of epigenetic variation depends on its transgenerational stability and source - whether genetically determined, environmentally induced, or due to spontaneous, genotype-independent mutations. Here, we evaluate current approaches for investigating an independent role epigenetics in evolution, pinpointing methodological challenges. We further identify opportunities arising from integrating data with population genetic analyses natural populations. Efforts advance quality, study design, statistical treatment are encouraged consolidate our understanding the heritable variation, quantify autonomous potential enrich additional layer information.

Language: Английский

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Genomic Footprints of Hybridisation in North Atlantic Eels (Anguilla anguilla and A. rostrata)

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

ABSTRACT Understanding interspecific introgressive hybridisation and the biological significance of introgressed variation remains an important goal in population genomics. European ( Anguilla anguilla ) American eel A. rostrata represent a remarkable case hybridisation. Both are panmictic spawn partial sympatry Sargasso Sea, occasionally producing viable, fertile hybrids, primarily found Iceland. We studied from into using whole‐genome sequences 78 individuals, including European, 21 putative hybrid eels. Previous studies few genetic markers could not resolve whether involved simple unidirectional backcrossing or more complex swarm scenario. However, local ancestry inference along individual chromosomes revealed that Icelandic hybrids were F1 first‐generation backcrosses towards eel, with some showing backcrossing. All eels outside Iceland contained short chromosomal blocks indicating porous genome. no evidence for previously hypothesised geographical gradients introgression Several regions showed high divergence, but haplotype identified both within these regions. There was little correspondence between relative F ST absolute divergence d XY ), former reflecting selective sweeps species reduced recombination rather than barrier loci. A single genomic region repeated under positive selection species. The study illustrates can maintain integrity despite genomes standing one potentially be available future adaptive responses other

Language: Английский

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The role of salinity on genome‐wide DNA methylation dynamics in European sea bass gills

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(18), P. 5089 - 5109

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Abstract Epigenetic modifications, like DNA methylation, generate phenotypic diversity in fish and ultimately lead to adaptive evolutionary processes. Euryhaline marine species that migrate between salinity‐contrasted habitats have received little attention regarding the role of salinity on whole‐genome methylation. Investigation salinity‐induced methylation will help better understand potential this process acclimation. Using bisulfite sequencing, we compared patterns European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) juveniles seawater after freshwater transfer. We targeted gill as a crucial organ involved plastic responses environmental changes. To investigate function gills, performed RNAseq assessed methylome‐transcriptome correlations. showed negative correlation gene expression levels promoters, first introns exons. A significant effect dynamics with an overall hypomethylation freshwater‐transferred controls was demonstrated. This suggests changes Genes key functions metabolism, ion transport transepithelial permeability (junctional complexes) were differentially methylated expressed conditions. Expression genes mitochondrial metabolism (tricarboxylic acid cycle) increased, whereas methyltransferases 3a repressed. study reveals novel links mainly promoters exons/introns, following change.

Language: Английский

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Environmental DNA Epigenetics Accurately Predicts the Age of Cultured Fish Larvae

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT While acquiring age information is crucial for efficient stock management and biodiversity conservation, traditional aging methods fail to offer a universal, non‐invasive, precise way of estimating wild animal's age. DNA methylation from tissue (tDNA) was recently proposed as method overcome these issues showed more accurate results than telomere‐length‐based assessments. Here, we used environmental (eDNA) the first time template estimation, focusing on larval phase (10–24 days post‐hatch) cultured Dicentrarchus labrax (seabass), species major economic conservation interest. Using third‐generation sequencing, were able directly detect various modification types (e.g., cytosine adenosine in all contexts) across whole genome using amplification‐free nanopore sequencing. However, sites only present mitogenome, which could be specific feature eDNA or consequence better protection within mitochondria. By considering qualitative quantitative about according an objective model selection framework, our epigenetic clock reached cross‐validated accuracy 2.6 (Median Absolute Error). Such performances are higher those previous clocks, notably adult seabass even when scaling MAE range, linked dynamic epigenome during early life stages. Overall, pilot study proposes new determine potential simultaneous assessments, although robust validation preliminary along with methodological developments needed before field applications can envisaged.

Language: Английский

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Individual Growth of European Eel (Anguilla Anguilla) Assessed by Mark‐Recapture With Passive Integrated Transponders (PIT Tags) in Four Isolated Water Systems in the Netherlands

Journal of Applied Ichthyology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Growth rates are generally obtained from back‐calculation of increments otolith readings and based on the assumption that mean annual growth can be scaled directly to distance between age rings. Although otoliths continue grow even when somatic ceased. To analyse yellow eel, a passive integrated transponder (PIT) mark‐recapture study was performed in four water bodies (Delfland, Markiezaatsmeer, Süderpolder Vinkeveense Plassen) Netherlands. PIT‐tags were used as an alternative method instead applied readings. During 2017–2020, 2209 eels tagged individually subsequent years, 541 recaptured. The rate decreased with increasing length 2.2–8.8 cm/year for undifferentiated (sex undetermined) eel 30 50 cm 1.3 5.7 female 80 cm. Differences also observed bodies, which having consequences population demographics, such at first maturity.

Language: Английский

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Panmixia in the American eel extends to its tropical range of distribution: Biological implications and policymaking challenges

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1872 - 1888

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Abstract The American eel ( Anguilla rostrata ) has long been regarded as a panmictic fish and confirmed such in the northern part of its range. In this paper, we tested for first time whether panmixia extends to tropical range species. To do so, assembled reference genome (975 Mbp, 19 chromosomes) combining (PacBio Nanopore short (Illumina paired‐end) reads technologies support both study future research. test population structure, estimated genotype likelihoods from low‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing 460 eels, collected at 21 sampling sites (in seven geographic regions) ranging Canada Trinidad Tobago. We genetic distance between regions, performed ADMIXTURE‐like clustering analysis multivariate analysis, found no evidence thus confirming that addition, two genomic regions with putative inversions were observed, geographically widespread present similar frequencies all regions. discuss implications lack structure Our results are key research implementation conservation measures throughout Additionally, our can be applied fisheries management aquaculture

Language: Английский

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The evolutionary consequences of interactions between the epigenome, the genome and the environment

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract The epigenome is the suite of interacting chemical marks and molecules that helps to shape patterns development, phenotypic plasticity gene regulation, in part due its responsiveness environmental stimuli. There increasing interest understanding functional evolutionary importance this sensitivity under ecologically realistic conditions. Observations epigenetic variation abounds natural populations have prompted speculation it may facilitate responses rapid perturbations, such as those occurring climate change. A frequent point contention whether variants reflect genetic or are independent it. genome often appear tightly linked interdependent. While many changes genetically determined, converse also true, with DNA sequence influenced by presence marks. Understanding how epigenome, environment interact one another therefore an essential step explaining broader consequences epigenomic variation. Drawing on results from experimental comparative studies carried out diverse plant animal species, we synthesize our current these factors populations, a focus identifying similarities differences between taxonomic groups. We describe main components they vary within taxa. review interacts features determinants, role transposable elements (TEs) integrating environment. And look at recent investigating interactions. Although differentiation nature likely result drift selection stochastic epimutations, there growing evidence significant fraction can be stably inherited could contribute evolution independently

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic patterns in Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus): Temperature and photoperiod as environmental stressors during larval development

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(1)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Abstract Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying individual responses to environmental changes is crucial for species conservation and management. Pelagic fishes including Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus ) are of particular interest because their key ecological economic roles susceptibility a changing ocean from global warming. Temperature photoperiod have been linked with spawning time location in adult herring, but no study has thus far investigated role factors on gene regulation during vulnerable early developmental stages. Here, we examine DNA methylation patterns larval bred under two temperatures (11°C 13°C) (6 12 h) regimes 2 × factorial design. We found consistently high levels across all individuals decline increased stage that was more pronounced at 13°C p ≤ 0.007) than 11°C ≥ 0.21). Most differentially methylated sites were exon promoter regions genes metabolism development, some which hypermethylated higher temperature. These results demonstrate important development suggest this mechanism might be regulating early‐stage stressors herring.

Language: Английский

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Stress-induced epigenetic effects driven by maternal lactation in dairy cattle: a comethylation network approach

Epigenetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: July 23, 2024

Epigenetic marks do not follow the Mendelian laws of inheritance. The environment can alter epigenotype an individual when exposed to different external stressors. In lactating cows, first stages gestation overlap with lactation peak, creating a negative energy balance that is difficult overcome diet. This could affect early embryo development must compete mammary tissue for nutrients. We hypothesize methylation profiles calves born nonlactating heifers are from those cows. found 50,277 differentially methylated cytosines and 2,281 regions between these two groups animals. A comethylation network was constructed study correlation phenotypes mothers epigenome calves, revealing 265 associated phenotypes. Our revealed presence DMCs DMRs in gestated by which were linked dam's calves' ICAP milk EBV. Gene-specific analysis highlighted associations vasculature organ morphogenesis cell communication signalling. These finding support hypothesis have profile than

Language: Английский

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