Integrating DNA Barcoding Within an Orthogonal Approach for Herbal Product Authentication: A Narrative Review

Phytochemical Analysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction Existing methods for morphological, organoleptic, and chemical authentication may not adequately ensure the accurate identification of plant species or guarantee safety. Herbal raw material remains a major challenge in herbal medicine. Over past decade, DNA barcoding, combined with an orthogonal approach integrating various testing quality assurance, has emerged as new trend authentication. Objective The review evaluates barcoding common alternative plant‐related sectors to enhance assurance Method Studies were selected based on their relevance identification, safety products. Inclusion criteria peer‐reviewed articles, systematic reviews, relevant case studies from last two decades focused methods, applications. Exclusion involved lacking empirical data, those peer‐reviewed, unrelated main focus. This ensured inclusion high‐quality, pertinent sources while excluding less studies. Results An refers use multiple, independent that provide complementary information more assurance. reduces false positives negatives by confirming results through different techniques, combining morphological analysis profiling. It enhances confidence results, particularly cases potential adulteration misidentification materials. Conclusion study highlights persistent challenges assuring quality, purity, Additionally, it stresses importance incorporating DNA‐based alongside traditional identification.

Language: Английский

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Insights into Ecological & Evolutionary Processes via community metabarcoding

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(23), P. 6083 - 6092

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

This Special Issue brings together papers that highlight the power of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data to address classic questions in ecology and evolution, particularly focused on metabarcoding (amplicon) datasets conjunction with complementary -omics types and/or models/theory infer overall ecosystem processes. We key show new technology related to: (i) dynamics community assembly how these may change across environmental conditions, successional processes extended evolutionary time; (ii) interaction networks, can predictable patterns over spatial temporal gradients, providing insights into biotic resilience. Studies also examined (iii) cross-scale interactions host-microbiome associations, critical developments demonstrating ease comparison integration scales organismic complexity allow at one scale inform other. These approaches are amenable (iv) studies invasive species homogenization, shifts alpha- beta-diversity a wide range scales. Biodiversity—the multiplicity life, from microbes macro-organisms genes ecosystems—is crisis, yet we have little understanding factors sustain biodiversity enhance its resilience perturbations (IPBES, 2019; Oliver et al., 2015). Key remain include interplay between niche neutral shaping communities (Mittelbach & McGill, 2019) associated role stochastic deterministic governing (Menéndez-Serra 2023); complexity-stability paradox (Domínguez-García 2019); metacommunity connection local regional diversity (Thompson 2020); extent which given exist equilibrium or steady state (Qian Akçay, 2020) concepts alternative stable states (Van Nes 2016), among others. been focus much theoretical development past, but ability generate needed validate theories has limited by difficulty sampling biological scale. However, without answers fundamental questions, left major gaps our resilience, sustainability strategies for restoration, all so effective conservation management ecosystems. The advance molecular profiling methods (e.g. metabarcoding-marker gene amplicon-based metagenomics, metatranscriptomics) recently provided remarkably toolkit measuring presents opportunity answer outstanding mentioned above. Moreover, because harness common tools both macro- micro-organisms, macroecological composition work Brown 2020). technological initiated dramatic shift measure ecological metrics within entire micro-organismal communities, they space time. In this Issue, as outline below, authors use high throughput technologies evolution make predictions. Describing structure their responses stressors primary objective research since inception. still struggle understand predict mechanisms accommodate collapse face (Urban 2016). Community methods, abundance taxa sites different age, nutrient availability forth, unprecedented assembly. New modelling (Overcast 2019, 2021) now being applied provide components govern process, hence might dictate issue, Overcast al. (2023) describe an eco-evolutionary simulation model uses community-scale genetic study there detectable signatures non-neutral simulated profiles. Applying soil microarthropod Cyprus, widespread low-elevation structured processes, while isolated high-elevation habitats shaped category included terrestrial marine systems, micro-organism assembly, comparisons complexity. For several respective roles filtering, conservatism/lability isolation animal site. Noguerales whole organism bulk DNA (Creedy 2022) operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level amplicon sequence variant (ASV) tease apart filtering microarthropods. showed OTU (species) richness follows altitudinal gradient, presumably niche-based processes; ASV contrasting pattern decline anthropogenic disturbance. paper Andujar (2022) mesofauna Canary Islands importance conservatism driver insular showing evidence lability, strong geographic structure. Likewise, Arjona focuses arthropod depths, highlighting (many records), results supporting hypothesis deeper beetle more dispersal compared those closer surface. Focusing loss Gaoligongshan National Park southwestern China, Li barcoding compare scenarios climate-change-induced loss, simulating extinction clustered season, elevation latitude. expectation was close relatives (as inferred phylogenetic affinities) would be buffered against history; is, if went extinct, clade represented other members. find not adequately shared history remaining after extinction. promise is presented Emerson who potential complement such barcode deep learning image recognition workflows way whole. Considering Macheriotou phylogenetics approach assess nematode ocean depth gradient. They increases up bathyal zone (200–4000 m), then decreases; moreover, clustering ASVs suggests assembled through filtering. Kiemel again (cytochrome oxidase, COI, 18S ribosomal RNA) ask zooplankton spatially temporally connected, what influencing underlying system. There no difference ephemeral permanent kettle holes (ponds formed retreating glaciers) suggest mainly based pH, water temperature, hole size hydroperiod. Species sorting dominant studied metacommunity. Likewise Govender point that, sheltered bights around South Africa lower pelagic due structural homogeneity, actually represent important fish spawning grounds (with ramifications fisheries higher-level consumers). case, measures could thus used proxy importance. Finally, Ip, Chang, Oh, combine standardised using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) test whether coral cover shapes organisms inhabiting hidden spaces reef matrix (the “cryptobiome”). fungi, bacteria, phytoplankton planktonic were impacted primarily abiotic (depth, particles column distance mainland), larger-sized metazoans cover. A number explicitly microbial communities. example, Pino 16S rRNA ITS microbiomes (bacteria fungi) large edaphic climatic gradients Australia science macroecology: Are broad classifications sufficient capture function, large-scale determine turnover composition? classes predictive bacterial fungal regardless proximity, natural cultivated soils reliably distinct microbiomes, drivers microbiome differences pH temperature cycles. Van der Loos explore environment host genotype stability variability composition. Using seaweed-associated along salinity able identify small group core possibly involved adaptation host. experimental Nappi tested effects two strains succession green macroalga Ulva australis. Both exert priority effect, strain (D2) causing initially temporary changes profile community, second (D323) weaker consistent predominantly facilitatory benefit algal Priority do appear simple replacement functionally equivalent taxa, result functional community. Besides implications ecology, provides probiotics human health agriculture). examine (macro- micro-organisms). Wang microorganisms (bacteria, mostly influenced larger (nematodes) deterministic; independent habitat (including topographic variables) plant attributes significantly decreased increasing body size; leaf phosphorus directly distribution soil-available phosphorus, indicates indirect impact Data multitrophic explained some above-ground attributes. Guerrieri multi-locus deglaciated soils, focusing six groups (Eukaryota, Bacteria, Mycota, Collembola, Insecta Oligochaeta) asking time following deglaciation, differs layers. within, homogenization between, layers, deglaciation. likely during succession. Another area properties networks reflect functioning macro-organismal (Banerjee (Peixoto Metabarcoding ideal relating quantitative assessment perturbation. Highlighting holistic interacting assemblages trophic groups, Ficetola Taberlet review reveal response global change. information only occurrences, interactions, traits, information, machine algorithms multitaxa interactions. means detecting Yin cryptic Sow 2019). novel long-read approaches, Lu focussed comparing mycobiomes marine, gut samples; found highest diversity, unknown species, followed sediments. Recent revealed entirely plant-pollinator Bell opportunities modification land-use. consider particular, time, including impacts climate stressors. Similar shown (eDNA) flowers pollinating bumblebees complex (Harper 2023). Lowe empirical example pollen honey samples honeybee (Apis mellifera) seasonal diet specialisation according resource availability. Because degree linked network highlighted vulnerability. Along similar lines, Encinas-Viso drive beta alpine By analysing insect loads generated diverse less specialised observational data. supported leads fine-scale Tommasi fragmentation networks. metabarcoding, analysed pollinator richness, pollination efficiency landscapes levels Maldives Islands. Contrary expectations, moderate increase pollinators, intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Despite harbouring fragmented resulted detrimental service. concerning finding preference native pollinators additionally speeding spread. look dietary partitioning. Ando hundreds faecal seven ducks partitioning opportunistic foraging when invertebrates available food source. Several gradients. Srivathsan tests fly-vertebrate any specialisation. sampled dung carrion fly gradient swamp forest remnant Singapore. While vertebrate effect roads presence endangered rainforest eDNA monitoring tool. Pitteloud faeces specific hypotheses regarding plant–orthoptera bipartite governed position where herbivores feed plants identity abundance, proportion species. aspects shape particular nitrogen content warmer environments, phenolics terpenoids colder environments. Dürrbaum urbanisation levels. herbivorous bees prey wasp nests, predator–prey levels, negative stronger predators than herbivores, increased requirement larger, unfragmented habitat. control reviewed Lue it identification hyperparasitism multiparasitism, disrupt introduced agents. High-throughput set Tun, multilocus reefs parallel corals coral-associated inversion pyramid events numbers (secondary tertiary consumers) predation eggs planktivorous fish. Over Graham Hawaiian Island geological become progressively 5 million year period. arthropod-plant average per (linkage density), ratio (vulnerability), uniformity energy flow (interaction evenness) suggesting progression towards adoption avenues scales, animals sharing same analytical profiling. When samples, suite sequencing-based methodologies enables characterisation organismal ranging macro−/micro-organismal function down traits individual taxa. Thus, conduct analyses micro-scale parallels, Câmara dos Reis relative ecologically bloom-forming Through combination (field sampling) (microcosm) bloom succession, phytoplanktonic whereas prevalent outside blooms. microbiome, looking niche. Michel investigate geographically genetically differentiated populations critically Grauer's gorilla. marked (though populations, social, ecological, factors. Manthey holometabolous microbiota rapidly remoulds metamorphosis, allowing exploration niches ontogenesis. ontogeny, higher insects hemimetabolous insects. shedding ontogenesis open explain success considered affect biogeochemical cycling web dynamics. viral infection dynamics, Merges activity bacteria bacteriophages co-declines elevational transcriptome transect Swiss Alps metabolic declined elevation, did not, gap relationships contributions carbon, cycling. Pereira tunicate remineralisation. pellet processing tunicates webs nitrogen, sulphur carbon Hu examines protistan separated deep-sea hydrothermal vent Their suggested archaea, turn chemistry environment. highlights influence selective pressures eukaryotic vents. fine adaptation. To relationships, Molina climate, site, variables structuring sapwood-inhabiting climatic, site North Patagonian Nothofagus forests. Remarkable tight relationship hosts microbiome. Rolshausen measured predictability multi taxon holobiont genome analysis fungal, lichen holobionts chemically morphologically indistinguishable, exhibit pronounced compositional elevation. happens concerted fashion three components, coadaptation diversification. Kivistik combined (salinity antibiotics) gastrointestinal aquatic gastropods. transition led viability, generalists gut. Brinker population structure, conditions endosymbiont simultaneously investigated parasitic similarity Wolbachia infected (asexually reproducing) uninfected (sexually hosts. High imparting disease Navine resistance avian malaria birds Hawaii, native, introduced. Neither alpha nor covaried infection, 149 positive associations survivors, possible candidates facilitate immunity birds. component observed patterns, something difficult. Perez-Lamarque Morlon evaluated widely inferring cophylogenetic aim differentiate vertical transmission host-switching. simulations type-I error rate trade-offs computational statistical performance methods. conclude current method optimal recommendations under most appropriate. Homogenization seascapes arrival non-native subsequent erosion services (Díaz 2018) buffering tipping points regime (Nyström teasing them out natives difficult task, especially phyla (Essl 2018). Perhaps difficulty, argued must incorporated decisions (Sax 2022), though scientific rationale establish substantial literature indicating co-evolved nature (Pauchard First, detectability, systems (Valentin addition, intriguing tool signature derived separate, bioinformatically, (Andersen employed special issue (Graham 2022; Kennedy 2022). developed context equally invasions humans assemblages. demonstrate disturbed paves applying biodiversity, modification. Hampel undersea “built habitats” (shipwrecks) causes surrounding sediments (extending 300 m wrecks). Specific archaeal enrichment shipwrecks, chemolithoautotrophy proximate Similarly, Andrés homogenising shipping, route-based models ship-borne dissimilarity, reduce dissimilarity commercial port habitats. As previous sections, invasion and, phenomenon resistance, reduction maintained resident (Levine 2004). Notably, age comparable MY timeframe. Results lowest (on youngest island), infiltration highest. survey community-wide incursion non-natives archipelagos Pacific. island each differ respect area, habitat, defined predictions surveys. older correspondingly invasion, lead degraded forests archipelagos. made theme areas above, recurring themes emerged multiple studies: Museums play approaches. many gained sequences alone, reference collection (i.e. barcodes identified specimens) adds dimensionality allows us morphological every sample, status introduced, relationships. specimen thoroughly confirmed, misidentification flawed interpretations. rather diminishing museums vast increasingly (Valdivia-Carrillo 2021). vetted curated library studies. emphasise limitations inference database, introduce operon database (FRODO) 1116 taxonomically museum specimens historic past bee decadal plants, (Bell Gous shows (Heindler parasite–host (Greiman Early generally grouped Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), assumed correspond purpose step remove known noise data, grouping denoising gaining population-level (Noguerales aspect tremendously informative Large tremendous amount potentially about structures, well like remotely sensed bioclimatic variables. Moving beyond descriptive statistics correlations massive will require adopting powerful manuscripts exemplified. visual effectively (2022). supervised sediment sample proximity shipwrecks frequency (Hampel Machine paired interact demonstrated (2023). relation precipitation, nutrients, anthropogenically modifications. specimens, ancient sediments, sub-fossils diet, host-associations, parasitism, changed; chronosequences periods. includes mixture studies, approximately half macro-organisms, microorganisms. here real microorganisms, learned robust, easier realise intractable science. All worked develop served editors manuscripts. HMB wrote first draft manuscript, RGG, contributing final version. largely conceived working sEcoEvo -Biodiversity Dynamics: Nexus Between Space Time, sDiv, Synthesis Centre German Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), additional workshop Science Foundation DEB 2135502: Insights Macro-Ecology Macro-Evolution Assessment (PI RGG) 1927510 Rules Of Life (RoLE) Model Uncover Fundamental Processes Governing AJR). declare conflict interest. applicable article created analyzed study.

Language: Английский

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Using habitat suitability models for multiscale forensic geolocation analysis

Transactions in GIS, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 777 - 796

Published: April 24, 2023

Abstract Pollen is one of the most durable environmental materials that law enforcement agencies recover as trace evidence from people and objects. Although links between objects geographic locations are essential during legal investigations, approach using pollen other microbial fingerprints to build these in an analytical framework still underutilized. This study uses bees mobile collects traces a test case determine efficacy predictive geolocation efforts with recovered species distribution models at both subcontinental global scales. Results demonstrate promising performance capability identification possible location history extents. When coupling categories evidentiary items, this attribution can aid personnel refining investigation priorities optimizing search strategies.

Language: Английский

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Semi-automated curation and manual addition of sequences to build reliable and extensive reference databases for ITS2 vascular plant DNA (meta-)barcoding

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 13, 2023

Abstract With the breakthrough of DNA (meta)-barcoding, it soon became clear that one most critical steps for accurate taxonomic identification is to have an reference database barcode marker choice. Therefore, developing such a has been long-term ambition, especially in Viridiplantae kingdom. Typically, databases are constructed from sequences downloaded general public databases, which can carry and other relevant errors. Herein, we curated (i) global database, (ii) European crop (iii) 27 EU countries ITS2 barcoding vascular plants. To end, first developed pipeline script entails automated curation stage comprising five filters, manual correction misclassified taxa, addition newly sequenced species. The allows easy updating database. this approach, 13% sequences, corresponding 7% species, originally imported GenBank were discarded. Further, 259 added now comprises 307,977 111,382 plant

Language: Английский

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Editorial 2024

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(1)

Published: Dec. 25, 2023

Molecular Ecology (MEC) continues to be one of the largest and most influential journals in fields ecology evolution. In 2022, a total 434 citable items were published journal, ranking third out 53 Clarivate's list Evolutionary Biology sixth 171 journals. A similar pattern is seen for citations, where MEC was cited 40,823 times (third fourth Ecology). Additional metrics include journal impact factor (4.9; eighth Biology) EigenFactor (0.030, fifth Biology). The latter metric measures number articles from past five years have been focal year. Google Scholar's h5-index, which h-index over years, offers longer term measure influence. has an h5-index 72, ranks among Lastly, downloads demonstrate wide interest research MEC, reaching close 1.9 million 2021 2022. first evolution require that data supporting results papers archived appropriate public archive (Rieseberg et al., 2010). Over we expanded policy code, programming scripts, software, as well detailed metadata. Earlier this year, members Resources (MER) Editorial Board (along with editors other journals) contributed article Evolution established minimum standards code (Jenkins 2023). While recommendations largely reinforce what are already doing, provides description best practices archiving data, metadata, such analyses given study can fully replicated. We will linking recommendation our author guidelines. also transitioning requiring made available reviewers during peer review. 2020, editorial indicate support Nagoya Protocol principle benefit sharing, educate authors readers about their responsibilities under (Marden 2020). encourages disclose benefits generated by Protocol. This followed encouraged use Biocultural, Traditional Knowledge, Cultural Institution Notices (Liggins 2021). Such intended raise visibility Indigenous communities within systems, encourage collaboration communities, provide platform them develop methodologies permissions biodiversity-related on indigenous land. To continue momentum, 'Indigenous perspectives/methodologies' added area aims scope, perspectives' 'traditional ecological knowledge' keywords MEC/MER websites. Authors now select perspectives methodologies' manuscript subject when submitting article, submitted using new assigned who expertise experience space. Like publishers, Wiley developed policies artificial intelligence (AI) tools ChatGPT large language models (https://authorservices.wiley.com/ethics-guidelines/index.html). Because AIs lack legal standing cannot held accountable or design, does not permit listed articles. However, if AI used development, requires contributions described Methods Acknowledgements. Final decisions whether usage permissible board. case Board, believe represents potentially valuable editing tool improve readability manuscripts, reducing barriers publication researchers, especially those speak English second language. improving spelling, grammar, clarity, ask acknowledge development required policy. 2023, maintained robust social media presence, building upon success previous years. molecology X account (formerly Twitter) boasted following 7400 followers, average more than 49 tweets posted per month. Monthly impressions reached 28,500, slightly less likely due changes landscape year concerns academics these changes. enhance outreach, collaborated team (WileyEcolEvol) strategically broaden audience. monitor community trends explore possibilities better serve molecular community, providing crucial direct source information scientific work MER. conjunction X, continued commitment in-house through Spotlight blog 2023. With 142 posts since 2019, featured interviews highlighted papers, amassing 23,000 visitors 37,000 views. adopted way interviewing tailored questions dynamism promote deeper engagement authors. should help lay broader understand conducted ecologists its implications. It fundamental mission MER hands-on training duties outstanding early career researchers. PhD postdoctoral recognized Harry Smith prize, invited join Junior (JEB). ensure JEB useful experiences members, process implementing three-year stepped programme designed offer exposure range tasks. Our together execute running platforms (Twitter Blog) creating content increasing journal's visibility. addition, second-year gain manuscripts guidance mentor. final tenure, attracting research, organizing special issues review Together, enthusiasm, forms invaluable asset Prize awarded annually 'an scientist significant ecology', selected independent award committee. Dr. Uma Ramakrishnan, Professor at National Centre Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India. Ramakrishnan known her studies tiger mammals, 'poster children' India's natural resources. Her included census estimates combined camera traps genetic surveys, historical inferences museum specimens, demonstrations gene flow impacting genomic variation inbreeding depression. Ramakrishnan's led conservation applications, example evidence Supreme Court ruling wildlife corridors must certain highway expansions. science communication service exemplary, she important role model scientists around world. recognizes paper graduate students scholars no 5 fellowship experience. prize named after FRS, founded served both Chief Managing Editor critical He until 2008, went his early-career scholars. 2023 Antonino Malacrinò 'Host species identity shapes diversity structure insect microbiota' (Malacrinò, 2022). His work, 'Invited Reviews Syntheses' presents leveraging powerful open insights into field microbiome research. committee, up excellent Alexander Blumenfeld colleagues titled, 'Consistent signatures urban adaptation native, invader ant Tapinoma sessile paper', runner-up Prize. al. (2022) genetic, behavioural, chemical populations sessile. They documented multiple transitions organization response urbanization, restricted between populations, adding growing human-altered habitats profoundly influence species. saw loss two distinguished longest-serving editors, Robert (Bob) Wayne Louis Bernatchez. Both joined 1997 became senior 1999. Bob helped Aims Scope authored sentence, 'Molecular publishes utilize techniques address consequential ecology, evolution, behaviour, conservation', primary guide decisions. When passed away December he editor (26 years!). addition regular 15 (2004–2018), recruiting dozen reviews topics covered full disciplinary microbes plants animals population genetics interactions environmental genomics. (119!) any author. recognition many 2016 lieu society ecologists, intellectual home community. includes (see above), focuses Resources, News Views perspectives, issues, reviews, opinion so forth. Ecologist (http://www.molecularecologist.com/), covers news reported venues beyond Ecology, eye interests people necessarily experts field. Please let us know you would like contribute perspective, review, opinion, organize issue. annual highlight advances (below). Every impactful chosen board perspectives. Among these, few standout From Cover pieces. nine pieces showcase how applications analytical advanced understanding novel across organizational scales, time. Three Gaertner (2023), Shi Bucholz examine adaptation, flow, speciation biological scales—from cellular levels. Understanding evolutionary forces shape architecture underpinning adaptive elucidating evolve changing environments. concept, (2023) analyse genome-wide broadcast-spawning nest-spawning riverine fish species, expected differ levels flow. find that, general, higher associated tighter clustering alleles, protects recombination. perspective piece, Schaal explain 'provides empirical foundational theoretical simulation studies' helps reveal complex nature evolves different organisms. How level? question investigating differentiation 'housekeeping functions' closely related hares. fibroblasts obtained wild hares regulation differences mountain brown hares, interfertile but ecologically distinct. show expression patterns hare affect processes including cell growth, respiration, metabolism, clear impacts cellular-level functions. Moreover, Palsson Steele note accompanying 'This suggests immortalized utility divergence metabolic traits basis organismal physiology'. Several hypotheses proposed relationships abundance diversity. test three hypotheses, conducting extensive surveys sequencing freshwater mussel southeastern USA. more-individuals hypothesis, posits areas exhibit greater richness, relationship abundance. they do positive correlations within-species Petersen Wares conclude 'their among-species variability … pushing forward frontier community-wide assessment applications'. biology long captivated dynamics coevolutionary relationships, Epstein Hague Leclaire nuanced comprehensive processes. well-studied legume-rhizobia symbiosis, GWAS approaches evaluate selection plant microbial genomes. suggested symbiotic may involve fitness conflicts partners characterized balancing symbiosis genes, little hypothesis. Instead, show, legume rhizobial partners, involved primarily stabilizing selection. As Carlson Frederickson write indicates 'that there ongoing conflict legumes rhizobia host symbiont genomes'. Antagonistic lead coevolution, often arms race organisms involved. cases coevolution cascading effects trophic fascinating system toxic Pacific newts predators, garter snakes, geographic mosaic escalation, increase newt toxicity matched increased toxin resistance retention snakes. Using combination experimental observational identify clines snakes hotspots bright coloration, serving aposematic signal own predators. Thompson notes paired 'the ripple throughout networks interacting species'. Whether host-microbiome classified remains topic some debate. Nevertheless, recent revealing far-reaching microbiome, extend health reproductive outcomes. microbiome's black-legged kittiwake, seabird specific compositions portions female bird's body (neck flank feathers, choanae, outer bill, cloaca) success, same result male birds. Turjeman correlative fitness—a deserves additional study. Research documenting Anthropocene shaping biodiversity increasingly focusing implications future affected ecosystems inhabit. Beichman Crossley Kocher approach vastly systems angles, demonstrating anthropogenic activity context-specific. declines California sea otter nearly hunted extinction 18th–19th centuries. Kreiner Booker 'combine spatiotemporal set simulations only quantify demographic change exploitation, consequences collapse persistence'. decline forward-in-time modelling could negative recovery populations. buffered historically low effective prior fur trade. human activities, trade, had obvious diversity, others apparent. ways land change, specifically agriculture, aquatic Utilizing existing 700 croplands degraded sharpest observed 1950s. contrast, rebounds converted uses, even urbanization. Atmore Buss highlights power publicly answer regarding current biospheric emergency'. Theories disease prevalence importance Anthropocene, difficult because life histories pathogens. 'dilution effect' theory, wherein pathogens controlled presence inefficient vectors ecosystem. combine DNA metabarcoding innovative tropical parasite Leishmania, mammalian reservoirs, sand fly vectors. decrease infection flies mammal high, dilution effect, density sandflies, leading overall effect infected vectors, which, Levi Massey point indicator Leishmania transmission risk'. Opinion present ideas viewpoints relevant ecology. These opinions speculative controversial discussion debate discipline. six Pegg describe efforts forecast risk cross-species transmission, received attention COVID-19 pandemic. make sugars, glycans, coat surface macromolecules accuracy assessment. another broadly paper, Čapková Frydrychová argues key assumptions telomere aging hold considered taxa, discrepancies resolved context strategies. Two focused utilized reversal days phylogeography genomics, report nuclear genome only. noted Blair unfortunate oversight organellar identification, addressing dispersal mechanisms limits. Blanchet put framework—based phylogenetically conserved candidate genes functional traits—for eco-evolutionary scales. longstanding questions. One maintenance history loci Arnqvist Rowe hypothesize frequency-dependent responsible polymorphism major epistatic piece tackles confusion inconsistent terms parallel convergent Cerca relation ancestral condition, taking place condition arising conditions. being done emerging entitled 'Ecological Inferences Long-Read Sequencing'. Dan Bock, Jianquan Liu, Polina Novikova, Loren Rieseberg editorial, compilation 19 'highlights utilizing long-read roles repetitive otherwise loci' (Bock issue diverse plants, animals, bacteria, viruses, share common themes: profiling epigenetic modifications (Nielsen 2023), novelty (Burley 2023; Ferguson Peona Wierzbicki genomics (Li, Yang, Yan (Cohen Hotaling Li, Wang, Nacif Shipilina Xie Zhu hybridization (Mérot Wersebe Zhang (Handy van Steenbrugge works variation, while traditionally study, substantial contribution speciation' Special Issue, Human-Associated Microbes, edited Tatiana Giraud, Jeanne Ropars, Eva Stukenbrock, Katherine Ryan Amato, Ricardo Rodriguez de la Vega. 21 focus various types domesticates, pathogens, host-associated microbiota, metagenomics, laboratory experiments. whole, main subjects: domesticated microorganisms thriving environments (Harrouard Silva von Gastrow fungal (Ali Louet Rogério Saubin Stalder Wang Zewdie metagenomics microbiomes (Bischofberger & Hall, Corsi Mac Alpine Moeller, Pedro Peimbert Alcaraz, Tessandier Yuan crops (Gao Richard Collectively Issue 'underline huge environment emergence spread provided mutualistic fungi bacteria' (Giraud Finally, Insights Ecological Processes via Community Metabarcoding 'papers high-throughput (HTS) classic particularly (amplicon) datasets complementary -omics and/or models/theory infer ecosystem processes' (Gillespie impressive collection 44 topics: assembly (Andujar 2022; Arjona Emerson Govender Guerrieri Ip, Chang, Oh, Kiemel Li Macheriotou Menéndez-Serra Nappi Noguerales Overcast Pino Van der Loos 2022), interaction (Ando Bell Dürrbaum Encinas-Viso Ficetola Taberlet, Graham Tun, Lowe Lu Lue Pitteloud Srivathsan Tommasi cross-scale (Brinker Câmara dos Reis Hu Kivistik Manthey Merges Michel Molina Navine Pereira Perez-Lamarque Morlon, Rolshausen invasive species/homogenization (Andrés Hampel Kennedy Rosemary Gillespie, Holly Bik, Michael Hickerson, Henrik Krehenwinkel, Isaac Overcast, Andrew Rominger writes taken together, gained approaches, dynamics' hope discussion, exceptional journal. wish thank readers, authors, reviewers, your support, welcome suggestions individuals reviewing contains reviewed 1 October 2022 30 September Aanen, Duur Abad-Recio, Ion Abbott, Jessica Abreu, Clare Adams, Nicole Rachelle Affenzeller, Matthias Afiq-Rosli, Lutfi Aguilar, Andres Aguillon, Stepfanie Aguirre, Windsor Ahi, Ehsan Pashay Ahrens, Collin Aivelo, Tuomas Akita, Tetsuya Albach, Dirk Alberoni, Daniele Aldred, Nick Allen, Natalie Allio, Rémi Almer, Jasmin Alonso, Conchita Alverson, Amos, William Amsler, Charles An, Shiheng Anastasiad

Language: Английский

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