Stopover habitat selection drives variation in the gut microbiome composition and pathogen acquisition by migrating shorebirds

FEMS Microbiology Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 100(5)

Published: March 21, 2024

Abstract Long-distance host movements play a major regulatory role in shaping microbial communities of their digestive tract. Here, we studied gut microbiota composition during seasonal migration five shorebird species (Charadrii) that use different migratory (stopover) habitats. Our analyses revealed significant interspecific variation both and diversity microbiome, but the effect identity was weak. A strong observed between coastal inland (dam reservoir river valley) stopover habitats within species. Comparisons age classes provided support for an increasing alpha ontogeny age-related remodeling microbiome composition. There was, however, no correlation diet across study Finally, detected high prevalence avian pathogens, which may cause zoonotic diseases humans (e.g. Vibrio cholerae) identified habitat as one axes bacterial pathogen exposure risk shorebirds. not only sheds new light on ecological processes shape microbiota, also has implications our better understanding host–pathogen interface birds long-distance transmission pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Early-life factors shaping the gut microbiota of Common buzzard nestlings

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Background Exploring the dynamics of gut microbiome colonisation during early-life stages is important for understanding potential impact microbes on host development and fitness. Evidence from model organisms suggests a crucial phase when shifts in microbiota can lead to immune dysregulation reduced condition. However, our long-lived vertebrates, especially early development, remains limited. We therefore used wild population common buzzard nestlings ( Buteo buteo ) investigate connections between colonisation, environmental factors. Results targeted both bacterial eukaryotic using 16S 28S rRNA genes. sampled individuals developmental longitudinal design. Our data revealed that age significantly affected microbial diversity composition. Nest environment was notable predictor composition, with particularly communities differing habitats occupied by hosts. Nestling condition infection blood parasite Leucocytozoon predicted community Conclusion findings emphasise importance studying capture changes occurring ontogeny. They highlight role reflecting health nest developing nestling microbiome. Overall, this study contributes complex interplay communities, factors, variables, sheds light ecological processes governing stages.

Language: Английский

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Migratory microbiomes: the role of the gut microbiome in bird migration eco‐physiology

Journal of Avian Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Long‐distance bird migration is one of the most metabolically and immunologically challenging feats in animal kingdom, with birds often needing to double their weight a matter days facing increased exposure novel pathogens. The physiological behavioural adaptations required survive such journeys may be facilitated by gut microbiome, diverse community symbiotic microbes that produce rare nutrients, fatty acids, immune compounds can confer rapid changing environmental conditions. However, causal role microbiome regulating physiology remains mystery. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge composition function during migration, outline possible mechanisms which changes could benefit migrants, identify future research priorities. We find active usually associated reduced diversity expansion several study‐specific taxa. Additionally, some microbial traits have been found correlate host condition fat deposits migration. there little understanding how relate parameters, molecular linking or underlying ecological, dietary, intrinsic drivers across migratory cycle. Our review draws from examples non‐migratory systems explore microbiomes adaptively regulate relevant highlight need for studies connect circulating metabolites experimental test metabolite dynamics controlled settings. Given its demands ubiquity, presents an excellent model system investigate adaptive potential natural populations.

Language: Английский

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Exposure to pesticides is correlated with gut microbiota alterations in a farmland raptor

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109436 - 109436

Published: April 1, 2025

The gut microbiota is crucial for host health and can be impacted by various environmental disruptions, yet the effects of multiple pesticide exposures on farmland organisms' microbiomes remain largely unexplored. We assessed changes in a wild apex predator exposed to pesticides agricultural landscapes. Pesticides, including acetochlor quinoxyfen, which are supposed banned, were significantly positively correlated with certain key bacteria from Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria classes. Our results light up potential collateral effect bacterial assemblages through unknown mechanisms. These could result dysbiosis promotion pathogens and/or selection that might allow organism detoxify organism. Although formal metagenomic analyses would required soon, these microbial shifts underline broader ecological consequences exposure, emphasising need integrated biodiversity conservation ecosystem management protect public health.

Language: Английский

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Faecal metagenomes of great tits and blue tits provide insights into host, diet, pathogens and microbial biodiversity

Access Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Background. The vertebrate gut microbiome plays crucial roles in host health and disease. However, there is limited information on the microbiomes of wild birds, most which restricted to barcode sequences. We therefore explored use shotgun metagenomics faecal two bird species widely used as model organisms ecological studies: great tit ( Parus major ) Eurasian blue Cyanistes caeruleus ). Results. Short-read sequencing five samples generated a metagenomic dataset, revealing substantial variation composition between samples. Reference-based profiling with Kraken2 identified key differences ratios reads assigned host, diet microbes. Some showed high abundance potential pathogens, including siadenoviruses, coccidian parasites antimicrobial-resistant bacterial Serratia fonticola . From metagenome assemblies, we obtained complete mitochondrial genomes from Isospora spp., while metagenome-assembled documented new prokaryotic species. Conclusions. Here, have shown utility uncovering microbial diversity beyond what possible 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These findings provide foundation for future hypothesis testing manipulation improve fitness populations. study also highlights role birds dissemination antimicrobial resistance.

Language: Английский

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Manipulating a host-native microbial strain compensates for low microbial diversity by increasing weight gain in a wild bird population

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(43)

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Empirical studies from laboratory systems and humans show that the gut microbiota is linked to host health. Similar evidence for effects on traits fitness in nature rare, not least because experimentally manipulating challenging. We isolated, characterized, cultured a bacterial strain, Lactobacillus kimchicus APC4233, directly wild bird (the great tit Parus major ) provided it as self-administered dietary supplement. assessed impact of treatment community, weight, tested whether affected previous result linking alpha diversity weight nestlings. The dramatically increased L. abundance diversity. This effect was strongest youngest birds, validating earlier findings pointing brief developmental window when are most sensitive. In time-lagged models, nestling higher birds suggesting may have probiotic potential. There also positive relationship between control but helped compensate low discuss why ecological context likely key predicting impacts microbiome. manipulation with native strain this population provides direct role ecology evolution natural populations.

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic insights into the early life stage microbiota of silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii)

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 17, 2024

Deep investigations of host-associated microbiota can illuminate microbe-based solutions to improve production in an unprecedented manner. The poor larval survival represents the critical bottleneck sustainable marine aquaculture practices. However, little is known about profiles and their governing eco-evolutionary processes early life stages teleost, impeding development suitable beneficial microbial management strategies. study provides first-hand mechanistic insights into its a tropical teleost model,

Language: Английский

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Gut microbes of a high-value marine fish, Snubnose Pompano (Trachinotus blochii) are resilient to therapeutic dosing of oxytetracycline

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Trachinotus blochii is a high-value tropical mariculture species. The present study evaluated the gut microbial impact of therapeutic exposure (80 mg/day/kg biomass for 10 days) to oxytetracycline, most common aquaculture antibiotic in T. blochii. cultivable counts, α-diversity measures taxonomic and functional metagenomics, dysbiosis (MD) index, taxon abundances showed resilience microbiota at 16–26 days treatment. A significant reduction bacterial abundance, diversity measures, Firmicutes Actinobacteria an increase γ-Proteobacteria was recorded on 6th 11th day increased metagenomic stress signatures, decreased beneficial abundances, abundance pathways energy metabolism, MD index indicated short-term transient during initial withdrawal, warranting health management measures. Therapeutic reduced fish pathogens, including Vibrio spp., kanamycin ampicillin-resistant bacteria. Strikingly, oxytetracycline treatment did not tetracycline-resistant counts predicted tetracycline resistance encoding genes gut, illustrating that application would pose risk context antimicrobial short term. Altogether, provides foundation develop suitable minimization tactics sustainable aquaculture.

Language: Английский

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Early-life factors shaping the gut microbiota of Common buzzard nestlings

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2024

Background: Exploring the dynamics of gut microbiome colonisation dur-ing early-life stages is important for understanding potential impact microbes on host development and fitness. Evidence from model organisms suggests a crucial phase when shifts in microbiota can lead to immune dysregulation reduced condition. However, our long-lived vertebrates, especially during early development, remains limited. We therefore used wild population common buzzard nestlings (Buteo buteo) investigate connections between colonisation, environmental factors. Results: targeted both bacterial eukaryotic using 16S 28S rRNA genes. sampled individuals developmental longitudinal design. Our data revealed that age significantly affected microbial diversity composition. Nest environment was notable predictor composition, with particularly communities differing habitats occupied by hosts. Nestling condition explained community while infection blood parasite Leucocytozoon correlated beta diversity. Conclusion: findings emphasise importance studying capture changes occurring ontogeny. They highlight role reflecting health nest developing nestling microbiome. Overall, this study contributes complex interplay communities,h ost factors, variables, sheds light mechanisms governing stages.

Language: Английский

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Social environment influences microbiota and potentially pathogenic bacterial communities on the skin of developing birds

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Abstract Background Animal bacterial symbionts are established early in life, either through vertical transmission and/or by horizontal from both the physical and social environment, such as direct contact with con- or heterospecifics. The environment particularly can influence acquisition of mutualistic pathogenic bacteria, consequences for stability symbiotic communities. However, segregating effects shared those interactions is challenging, limiting our current knowledge on role structuring communities wild animals. Here, we take advantage avian brood-parasite system Eurasian magpies ( Pica pica ) great spotted cuckoos Clamator glandarius to explore how interspecific (magpie nestlings developing without heterospecifics) affects uropygial gland skin. Results We demonstrated differences community compositions members two species when growing up monospecific nests. heterospecific nests was richer, more diverse, similar their cuckoo nest-mates than These patterns were alike subset microbes that could be considered core, but looking at potentially genera, presence reduced relative abundance genera magpies. Conclusions Our findings highlight shaping assembly skin during nestling period, exemplified a brood parasite—host system.

Language: Английский

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