Late Pleistocene speciation of three closely related tree peonies endemic to the Qinling–Daba Mountains, a major glacial refugium in Central China

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(13), P. 7528 - 7548

Published: June 17, 2019

Determining the factors promoting speciation is a major task in ecological and evolutionary research can be aided by phylogeographic analysis. The Qinling-Daba Mountains (QDM) located central China form an important geographic barrier between southern subtropical northern temperate regions, exhibit complex topography, climatic, diversity. Surprisingly, few analyses studies of plant this region have been conducted. To address issue, we investigated genetic divergence histories three closely related tree peony species (Paeonia qiui, P. jishanensis, rockii) endemic to QDM. Forty populations were genotyped using 22 nuclear simple sequence repeat markers (nSSRs) chloroplast DNA sequences assess structure phylogenetic relationships, supplemented morphological characterization niche modeling (ENM). Morphological molecular showed clearly differentiated from each other. In addition, coalescent DIYABC conducted on nSSR variation indicated that diverged other late Pleistocene, while (ENM) suggested they occupied larger area during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) than at present. combined evidence results ENM indicate persisted through Pleistocene multiple refugia Qinling, Daba, Taihang with favored restricted gene flow caused isolation, divergence, limited pollen seed dispersal. Our study contributes growing understanding origin population peonies provides insights into high level endemism present Central China.

Language: Английский

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Genetic diversity hotspots and refugia identified by mapping multi-plant species haplotype diversity in China

Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 66(3-4), P. 136 - 151

Published: July 10, 2019

Historical processes during the Quaternary are likely to have left a signature on geographical distribution of intraspecific genetic variation. In particular, high uniqueness could be expected within glacial refugia for multiple species. We aimed test this plants in China and whether multi-species hotspots diversity good indicators region. From chloroplast DNA haplotype data 116 species we calculated two local metrics each species: richness uniqueness. these two, only reliably identify refugia, whereas may indicate either or areas recolonized by lineages from different postglacial period. Our results suggest occurrence numerous cryptic their importance maintenance evolution Chinese flora, that an approach locates geographic can refugia.

Language: Английский

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Differential Quaternary dynamics of evergreen broadleaved forests in subtropical China revealed by phylogeography of Lindera aggregata (Lauraceae)

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 46(6), P. 1112 - 1123

Published: April 15, 2019

Abstract Aim According to palaeo‐biome reconstructions, the subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests ( EBLF ) in East Asia contracted a narrow belt south of 24° N during Last Glacial Maximum LGM ). Yet numerous phylogeographical studies plants have inferred glacial refugia north this area. Here, we aim further elucidate Quaternary dynamics s using widespread shrub Lindera aggregata as model. Location Subtropical China. Taxon (Sims) Kosterm (angiosperms). Methods Four chloroplast DNA (cp fragments and 15 low‐copy nuclear genes LCG s) were sequenced 19 populations. The time most recent common ancestor TMRCA was estimated secondary calibrations. Bayesian algorithms used infer population clustering, phylogeny divergence time. Historical gene flow maximum‐likelihood algorithm. Potential habitats at present predicted ecological niche modelling. Results estimate 1.78 Myr. We observed shallow cp network organized around one dominant haplotype. revealed three distinct genetic clusters that reflected contrasting historical dynamics. ancient cluster located Nanling Wuyi Mountains indicated long‐term persistence multiple refugia. area occupied by two disjunct dated back showed signatures rapid northward expansion from detected noteworthy pollen‐mediated admixture between all including somewhat preferential southward flow. Main conclusions represents rare example extensive post‐glacial range across biome (expansion‐contraction model) contrasts with its generalized stability southernmost parts. Our findings also provide evidence for into refugial They correspond relatively well reconstructions support hypothesis has undergone community reshuffling.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal variation influences flavonoid biosynthesis path and content, and antioxidant activity of metabolites in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels & Gilg

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. e0265954 - e0265954

Published: April 28, 2022

Environmental conditions contribute to plant growth and metabolism. This study aimed determine a suitable environment climate for large-scale artificial cultivation of an endangered plant, Tetrastigma hemsleyanum , by investigating the seasonal variations influencing flavonoid biosynthetic selectivity antioxidant activity its major metabolites. Under precipitation (2.0~6.6 mm), temperature (17.5~24.1°C), humidity (67.3~80.2%), sunshine duration (3.4~5.8 h) from April May, total content in T . reached higher levels between 281.3 392.8 μg/g. In second half April, production (PS) isoorientin (IsoO), orientin (Or), rutin (Rut), isoquercitin (IsoQ), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (Km3rut), astragalin (Ast), quercetin (Qu), apigenin (Ap), kaempferol (Km) were 0.30, 0.06, 0.07, 0.00, 0.04, 0.38, 0.05, 0.03, respectively. Naringenin was dehydrogenated or hydroxylated initiate two parallel reaction pathways biosynthesis : path I subsequently generated flavone derivatives including apigenin, luteolin, orientin, isoorientin, II flavonol Km, Qu, IsoQ, Rut, Ast, Km3rut. The (RPS ) January 1 September 30 considerably than that ), except March 16–31. addition, either three metabolites followed order phenolic compounds > polysaccharides sterols, exhibited dynamic correlations with environmental factors. favored hydroxylation derived six September, dehydrogenation October December. most months year, Km preferentially rather glucosylation.

Language: Английский

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Monsoon intensification in East Asia triggered the evolution of its flora

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

East Asia (EA), which falls within the region of Asian monsoon that is composed (EAM) and Indian (IM), known for its high species diversity endemism. This has been attributed to extreme physiographical heterogeneity in conjunction with climate sea-level changes during Pleistocene, this hypothesis widely proven by phylogeographic studies. Recently, dated phylogenies have indicated origins (stem age) flora occurred after Oligocene-Miocene boundary are related establishment EAM.Hence, study further examined whether strengthening monsoons triggered floral evolution via a meta-analysis tempo-spatial pattern evolutionary radiation dates (crown ages) 101 endemic seed plant genera.Taxonomic diversification began late Eocene, whereas accumulated number diversifications did not significantly accelerate until Miocene. The distribution weighted mean average divergence times EAM, IM, or transitional regions all fall mid-late Fossils Tertiary relict genera mostly distributed outside EA only half earliest fossils older than Miocene, while their time monotypic polytypic taxa suggest climatic Pliocene exert more influence on taxa.The two key stages coincide intensifications EAM especially summer brings humid climate. An integrated review previous studies concerning flora, genus, levels supports our suggestion intensification flora.

Language: Английский

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