Phosphorus Acquisition and Utilization in Plants

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 73(1), P. 17 - 42

Published: Dec. 15, 2021

Tremendous progress has been made on molecular aspects of plant phosphorus (P) nutrition, often without heeding information provided by soil scientists, ecophysiologists, and crop physiologists. This review suggests ways to integrate from different disciplines. When P availability is very low, P-mobilizing strategies are more effective than mycorrhizal strategies. Soil parameters largely determine how much roots can acquire P-impoverished soil, kinetic properties transporters less important. Changes in the expression avoid toxicity. Plants vary widely photosynthetic P-use efficiency, photosynthesis per unit leaf P. The challenge discover what trade-offs patterns investment fractions. Less may save P, but costs incurred? Are these acceptable for crops? These questions be resolved only concerted action scientists working at both physiological levels, rather pursuing problems independently.

Language: Английский

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A starting guide to root ecology: strengthening ecological concepts and standardising root classification, sampling, processing and trait measurements

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 232(3), P. 973 - 1122

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

Summary In the context of a recent massive increase in research on plant root functions and their impact environment, ecologists currently face many important challenges to keep generating cutting‐edge, meaningful integrated knowledge. Consideration below‐ground components ecosystem studies has been consistently called for decades, but methodology is disparate sometimes inappropriate. This handbook, based collective effort large team experts, will improve trait comparisons across integration information databases by providing standardised methods controlled vocabularies. It meant be used not only as starting point students scientists who desire working ecosystems, also experts consolidating broadening views multiple aspects ecology. Beyond classical compilation measurement protocols, we have synthesised recommendations from literature provide key background knowledge useful for: (1) defining entities giving keys dissection, classification naming beyond fine‐root vs coarse‐root approach; (2) considering specificity produce sound laboratory field data; (3) describing typical, overlooked steps studying roots (e.g. handling, cleaning storage); (4) gathering metadata necessary interpretation results reuse. Most importantly, all traits introduced with some degree ecological that foundation understanding meaning, typical use uncertainties, methodological conceptual perspectives future research. Considering this, urge readers solely extract protocol measurements this work, take moment read reflect extensive contained broader guide ecology, including sections I–VII introductions each section description. Finally, it critical understand major aim help break down barriers between subdisciplines ecology ecophysiology, broaden researchers’ study create favourable conditions inception comprehensive experiments role functioning.

Language: Английский

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Tradeoffs among root morphology, exudation and mycorrhizal symbioses for phosphorus‐acquisition strategies of 16 crop species

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 223(2), P. 882 - 895

Published: April 1, 2019

Summary Plant roots exhibit diverse root functional traits to enable soil phosphorus (P) acquisition, including changes in morphology, exudation and mycorrhizal symbioses. Yet, whether these are differently coordinated among crop species enhance P acquisition is unclear. Here, eight for were characterized 16 major herbaceous grown a glasshouse under limiting adequate availability. We found substantial interspecific variation species. Those with thinner showed more branching less first‐order length, had consistently lower colonization by arbuscular fungi (AMF), fewer rhizosheath carboxylates reduced acid phosphatase activity. In response P, stronger branching, length specific of the whole system, Conversely, thicker exhibited higher AMF and/or P‐mobilizing exudates rhizosheath. conclude that, at level, tradeoffs occur three groups we examined. Root diameter good predictor relative expression how they change when limiting.

Language: Английский

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Hidden miners – the roles of cover crops and soil microorganisms in phosphorus cycling through agroecosystems

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 434(1-2), P. 7 - 45

Published: Oct. 27, 2018

Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient in many agroecosystems and costly fertilizer inputs can cause negative environmental impacts. Cover crops constitute promising management option for sustainable intensification of agriculture. However, their interactions with the soil microbial community, which key driver P cycling, effects on following crop, have not yet been systematically assessed. We conducted meta-analysis published field studies cover focusing plant-microbe interactions. describe several distinct, simultaneous mechanisms benefits main crop. Decomposition dynamics, governed by concentration, are critical transfer from crop residues to may enhance community providing legacy increased mycorrhizal abundance, biomass P, phosphatase activity. generally most effective systems low available access 'unavailable' pools. availability difficult detect standard tests, except increases after use Lupinus sp. Agricultural (i.e. species selection, tillage, fertilization) improve effects. In summary, cropping has potential tighten cycling agricultural under different conditions, increasing nutrition yield.

Language: Английский

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Root-released organic anions in response to low phosphorus availability: recent progress, challenges and future perspectives

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 447(1-2), P. 135 - 156

Published: Feb. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

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Tightening the Phosphorus Cycle through Phosphorus-Efficient Crop Genotypes

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 967 - 975

Published: May 12, 2020

Language: Английский

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Belowground processes and sustainability in agroecosystems with intercropping

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 476(1-2), P. 263 - 288

Published: May 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve drought tolerance of tea plants via modulating root architecture and hormones

Plant Growth Regulation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 102(1), P. 13 - 22

Published: Feb. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Milestones in understanding transport, sensing, and signaling of the plant nutrient phosphorus

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(5), P. 1504 - 1523

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

As an essential nutrient element, phosphorus (P) is primarily acquired and translocated as inorganic phosphate (Pi) by plant roots. Pi often sequestered in the soil becomes limited for growth. Plants have developed a sophisticated array of adaptive responses, termed P starvation to cope with deficiency improving its external acquisition internal utilization. Over past 2 3 decades, remarkable progress has been made toward understanding how plants sense respond changing environmental P. This review provides overview molecular mechanisms that regulate or coordinate emphasizing transport, sensing, signaling. We present major players regulators responsible uptake translocation. then introduce perceived at root tip, systemic signaling operated, which intracellular status sensed conveyed. Additionally, recent exciting findings about influence on plant-microbe interactions are highlighted. Finally, challenges prospects concerning interplay between other nutrients strategies enhance utilization efficiency discussed. Insights obtained from this knowledge may guide future research endeavors sustainable agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Recent insights into the metabolic adaptations of phosphorus-deprived plants

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 72(2), P. 199 - 223

Published: Oct. 13, 2020

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is an essential macronutrient required for many fundamental processes in plants, including photosynthesis and respiration, as well nucleic acid, protein, membrane phospholipid synthesis. The huge use of Pi-containing fertilizers agriculture demonstrates that the soluble Pi levels most soils are suboptimal crop growth. This review explores recent advances concerning understanding adaptive metabolic plants have evolved to alleviate negative impact nutritional deficiency. Plant starvation responses arise from complex signaling pathways integrate altered gene expression with post-transcriptional post-translational mechanisms. resultant remodeling transcriptome, proteome, metabolome enhances efficiency root acquisition soil, assimilated throughout plant. We emphasize how up-regulation high-affinity transporters intra- extracellular scavenging recycling enzymes, organic acid anion efflux, remodeling, remarkable flexibility plant metabolism bioenergetics contribute survival Pi-deficient plants. research field enabling development a broad range innovative promising strategies engineering phosphorus-efficient crops. Such cultivars urgently needed reduce inputs unsustainable non-renewable maximum agronomic benefit long-term global food security ecosystem preservation.

Language: Английский

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