Flower–bee versus pollen–bee metanetworks in fragmented landscapes

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2023)

Published: May 1, 2024

Understanding the organization of mutualistic networks at multiple spatial scales is key to ensure biological conservation and functionality in human-modified ecosystems. Yet, how changing habitat landscape features affect pollen-bee interaction still poorly understood. Here, we analysed bee-flower visitation bee-pollen-transport interactions respond fragmentation local network regional metanetwork scales, combining data from 29 fragments calcareous grasslands, an endangered biodiversity hotspot central Europe. We found that only 37% total unique pairwise species occurred both pollen-transport flower networks, whereas 28% 35% were exclusive respectively. At level, specialization was higher negatively related diversity land cover types types. pollen transport revealed proportion single-fragment increased with diversity. Our results show grasslands' plant-pollinator decreases diversity, but underestimated when based on information. Pollen data, more than visitation, multi-scale analyses metanetworks are fundamental for understanding human-dominated landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Influence of sampling methods on the description of a Neotropical seed dispersal network

Acta Oecologica, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 114, P. 103805 - 103805

Published: Dec. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Natural fire does not affect the structure and beta diversity of plant-pollinator networks, but diminishes floral-visitor specialization in Cerrado

Flora, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 281, P. 151869 - 151869

Published: June 16, 2021

Language: Английский

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Plant–hummingbird pollination networks exhibit limited rewiring after experimental removal of a locally abundant plant species

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92(9), P. 1680 - 1694

Published: May 12, 2023

Mutualistic relationships, such as those between plants and pollinators, may be vulnerable to the local extinctions predicted under global environmental change. However, network theory predicts that plant-pollinator networks can withstand species loss if pollinators switch alternative floral resources (rewiring). Whether rewiring occurs following in natural communities is poorly known because replicated exclusions are difficult implement at appropriate spatial scales. We experimentally removed a hummingbird-pollinated plant, Heliconia tortuosa, from within tropical forest fragments investigate how hummingbirds respond temporary of an abundant resource. Under hypothesis, we expected behavioural flexibility would allow use resources, leading decreased ecological specialization reorganization structure (i.e. pairwise interactions). Alternatively, morphological or constraints-such trait-matching interspecific competition-might limit extent which alter their foraging behaviour. employed Before-After-Control-Impact experimental design quantified plant-hummingbird interactions using two parallel sampling methods: pollen collected individual ('pollen networks', created >300 samples) observations visiting focal ('camera >19,000 observation hours). To assess rewiring, individual, levels examined interaction turnover gain/loss H. tortuosa removal caused some but did not prompt large changes specialization, despite magnitude our manipulation (on average, >100 inflorescences exclusion areas >1 ha). Although sampled through time showed modest increases niche breadth (relative birds experience resource loss), these were reflected species- network-level metrics. Our results suggest that, least over short time-scales, animals necessarily shift after losing food resource-even thought highly opportunistic foragers, hummingbirds. Given contributes theoretical predictions stability, future studies should why might expand diets extinction.

Language: Английский

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Floral abundance and corolla length predict the importance of species in connecting urban green areas

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 105108 - 105108

Published: May 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Seeding success: Integrating seed dispersal networks in tropical forest restoration

Biotropica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 12, 2024

Abstract While the reassembly of fruit‐frugivore interactions remains at forefront tropical forest restoration, seed dispersal networks emerge as a potential approach to enhance restoration success. This review explores integration in with aims (1) synthesizing important findings literature, (2) detailing biases utilizing network theory, and (3) addressing current knowledge gaps future directions for field. We first highlight importance combining phytocentric zoocentric approaches when sampling interactions, different methodologies have varying effects on measures, can foster more comprehensive understanding interactions. Furthermore, integrating into goals, we suggest highly connected species‐rich is desirable earlier stages succession where community turnover transient are pivotal. Nested patterns may throughout succession, identifying generalist species that make up nested be useful practitioners both early later regeneration. Modularity should highest maintain structure stability, connector play roles facilitating across temporal scales. Finally, emphasize site‐specific long‐term datasets, chronosequences, studies large spatial scales continue understand function develop effective strategies recovery ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Elevational and Seasonal Patterns of Plant–Hummingbird Interactions in a High Tropical Mountain

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Tropical mountain ecosystems harbor diverse biological communities, making them valuable models for exploring the factors that shape ecological interactions along environmental gradients. We investigated spatial and temporal drivers of plant-hummingbird interaction networks across three forest types (pine-oak, fir, subalpine) a tropical high gradient in western Mexico (2400 to 3700 m.a.s.l.). measured species abundance, diversity, morphology, frequencies. Plant diversity metrics significantly declined highest elevation subalpine forest, whereas hummingbird remained consistent elevations. Interaction were similarly nested elevations, but they more specialized where lower plant richness higher floral abundance led greater resource partitioning among hummingbirds. Plant-hummingbird larger less during dry season, driven by abundance. Species turnover explained network variation elevational gradient, while rewiring arrival migratory hummingbirds changes between seasons. Phenological overlap was most important driver observed frequencies elevations Flower had minor influence on at low- mid-elevation networks, significant dry- rainy-season networks. Morphological matching low-elevation season. phylogenetic relatedness negligible effects patterns, phylogeny influenced feeding preferences high-elevation Our findings highlight role turnover, rewiring, phenological structuring with specific varying High-elevation play crucial as reservoirs resources both resident resource-scarce periods, emphasizing their importance maintaining biodiversity

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the influences of floral traits and pollinator generalism on α and β diversity of heterospecific pollen on stigmas

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(2), P. 465 - 476

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Abstract Pollinator sharing often leads to receipt of heterospecific pollen (HP) along with conspecific pollen. As a result, flowering plants can accumulate diverse communities HP on stigmas. While variation in diversity is an important selective force contributing plant fitness, evolution and community assembly, our understanding the extent drivers heterogeneity limited. In this study, we examined species compositions abundances ~1000 across 59 co‐flowering three serpentine seep California, USA. We evaluated (γ diversity) each asked whether γ was caused by within stigmas (α or compositional among (β due replacement (turnover) their loss (nestedness) from one stigma another. further potential α β using phylogenetic structural equation models. found that driven strongly differences lesser diversity. turnover contributed more than nestedness consistently seeps, suggesting general pattern stigma. The models revealed floral traits (e.g., area, stigma‐anther distance, exposure) abundance were key determining influencing (load size), while showed variable impact (turnover nestedness). Pollination generalism relatively less HP‐α These findings disentangle at different levels, which essential for process underlying patterns communities. That drive points additional avenues may contribute evolution. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Patch size changes the composition of flower visitors and influences pollen flow

Plant Ecology & Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(5-6), P. 255 - 266

Published: Nov. 2, 2021

Background The spatial structure and size of plant populations affect foraging choices pollinators and, consequently, pollen transfer within between populations.Aims To understand pollination patterns in relation to population pollinator selectivity we quantified patch flow natural Richardia grandiflora, a neotropical perennial herb.Methods We assessed the composition flower visitors, number flowers visited, frequency visits patches different sizes. In addition, measured inter- intra-patch-size (pollen from sizes same patch/same size, respectively) using fluorescent dyes as analogues.Results recorded 22 species insects, mainly bees, with Apis mellifera standing out major visitor medium large patches. Large received greater richness abundance had more overall (62%), representing 62% total 64% inter-patch-size flow. Alternatively, small represented 16% 5% Native bee were found almost exclusively patches.Conclusion Small are important for sustaining rare floral visitors while relevant diverse events.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary history and precipitation seasonality shape niche overlap in Neotropical bat–plant pollination networks

Biotropica, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(1), P. 246 - 255

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Abstract Species interactions are one dimension of a niche. Niche overlap arises when two species share an interaction partner. In pollination systems, environmental and biotic factors affect niche overlap. Here, we explored the effects climate seasonality, plant bat richness, morphological traits, phylogenetic distance in shaping Neotropical bat–plant networks. We examined dataset 22 networks region. measured bats plants with Morisita‐Horn index ( Ĉ H ) used SAR model to test relationships between both abiotic factors. found lower among communities composed phylogenetically distant species. Moreover, was regions higher precipitation seasonality. Our results indicate that seasonality evolutionary history drive interactions. These findings suggest promotes emergence temporal modules, which reduces overlap, likely due seasonal phenologies. Furthermore, method record affects degree Interactions recorded pollen samples tend have than direct observations. The responses traits distances were uncoupled, suggesting effect historical processes independent traits. reinforce importance ecological imprinting patterns Portuguese is available online material

Language: Английский

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