Impacts of urban expansion on natural habitats in global drylands

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. 869 - 878

Published: July 25, 2022

Language: Английский

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Challenges and solutions to biodiversity conservation in arid lands

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 857, P. 159695 - 159695

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Climate-driven ecological thresholds in China’s drylands modulated by grazing

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 1363 - 1372

Published: July 31, 2023

Language: Английский

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Plant root mechanisms and their effects on carbon and nutrient accumulation in desert ecosystems under changes in land use and climate

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(3), P. 916 - 934

Published: March 14, 2024

Summary Deserts represent key carbon reservoirs, yet as these systems are threatened this has implications for biodiversity and climate change. This review focuses on how changes affect desert ecosystems, particularly plant root their impact mineral nutrient stocks. Desert plants have diverse architectures shaped by water acquisition strategies, affecting biomass overall Climate change can disrupt communities, with droughts impacting both shallow deep‐rooted groundwater levels fluctuate. Vegetation management practices, like grazing, significantly influence soil composition, microorganisms, biomass, Shallow‐rooted susceptible to human interference. To safeguard understanding architecture deep layers is crucial. Implementing strategic practices such reducing grazing pressure, maintaining moderate harvesting levels, adopting fertilization help preserve plant–soil systems. Employing socio‐ecological approaches community restoration enhances retention, limits expansion, reduces CO 2 emissions. underscores the importance of investigating belowground processes role in shaping landscapes, emphasizing urgent need a comprehensive ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(4)

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events—the most common duration drought—globally. Yet impact this intensification on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This due in part to widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed study drought, variation studied, differences among ecosystems vegetation, edaphic climatic attributes that can mediate impacts. To overcome these problems better identify factors modulate responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment quantify grassland shrubland ecosystems. With standardized approach, imposed ~a single year at 100 sites six continents. Here show loss foundational function—aboveground net primary production (ANPP)—was 60% greater experienced statistically extreme (1-in-100-y event) vs. those where was nominal (historically more common) magnitude (35% 21%, respectively). reduction key carbon cycle process with greatly exceeds previously reported losses for grasslands shrublands. Our global also revealed high variability response but relative reductions ANPP were drier fewer plant species. Overall, our results demonstrate unprecedented rigor impacts projected increases been significantly underestimated less diverse are likely be vulnerable drought.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced dominance of soil moisture stress on vegetation growth in Eurasian drylands

National Science Review, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(8)

Published: April 24, 2023

Despite the mounting attention being paid to vegetation growth and their driving forces for water-limited ecosystems, relative contributions of atmospheric soil moisture dryness stress on are an ongoing debate. Here we comprehensively compare impacts high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) low water content (SWC) in Eurasian drylands during 1982-2014. The analysis indicates a gradual decoupling between over this period, as former has expanded faster than latter. Moreover, VPD-SWC relation VPD-greenness both non-linear, while SWC-greenness is near-linear. loosened coupling VPD SWC, non-linear correlations among VPD-SWC-greenness area extent which SWC acts dominant factor all provide compelling evidence that more influential stressor drylands. In addition, set 11 Earth system models projected continuously growing constraint towards 2100. Our results vital dryland ecosystems management drought mitigation Eurasia.

Language: Английский

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Impact of aridity rise and arid lands expansion on carbon‐storing capacity, biodiversity loss, and ecosystem services

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Drylands, comprising semi‐arid, arid, and hyperarid regions, cover approximately 41% of the Earth's land surface have expanded considerably in recent decades. Even under more optimistic scenarios, such as limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C by 2100, semi‐arid lands may increase up 38%. This study provides an overview state‐of‐the‐art regarding changing aridity arid with a specific focus on its effects accumulation availability carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) plant–soil systems. Additionally, we summarized impacts rising biodiversity, service provisioning, feedback climate change across scales. The expansion ecosystems is linked decline C nutrient stocks, plant community biomass diversity, thereby diminishing capacity for recovery maintaining adequate water‐use efficiency plants microbes. Prolonged drought led −3.3% reduction soil organic (SOC) content (based 148 drought‐manipulation studies), −8.7% decrease litter input, −13.0% absolute decomposition, −5.7% decomposition rate. Moreover, substantial positive loop warming exists, primarily due increased albedo. loss critical ecosystem services, including food production water resources, poses severe challenge inhabitants these regions. Increased reduces SOC, nutrient, content. Aridity intensification exacerbate socio‐economic disparities between economically rich least developed countries, significant opportunities improvement through investments infrastructure technology. By half world's landmass become dryland, characterized conditions marked limited C, N, P scarcity, native species biodiversity. These pose formidable challenges essential impacting human well‐being raising complex regional socio‐political challenges.

Language: Английский

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Soil microbial diversity plays an important role in resisting and restoring degraded ecosystems

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 500(1-2), P. 325 - 349

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Dryland microbiomes reveal community adaptations to desertification and climate change

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Drylands account for 45% of the Earth’s land area, supporting ~40% global population. These regions support some most extreme environments on Earth, characterized by temperatures, low and variable rainfall, soil fertility. In these biomes, microorganisms provide vital ecosystem services have evolved distinctive adaptation strategies to endure flourish in extreme. However, dryland microbiomes they are under threat due intensifying desertification climate change. this review, we a synthesis our current understanding microbial life drylands, emphasizing remarkable diversity adaptations communities. We then discuss anthropogenic threats, including influence change outline knowledge gaps. Finally, propose research priorities address those gaps safeguard sustainability fragile biomes.

Language: Английский

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Unforeseen plant phenotypic diversity in a dry and grazed world

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 632(8026), P. 808 - 814

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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