The origin of bi-dimensionality in plant root traits

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 78 - 88

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Experimental warming altered plant functional traits and their coordination in a permafrost ecosystem

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 240(5), P. 1802 - 1816

Published: July 11, 2023

Knowledge about changes in plant functional traits is valuable for the mechanistic understanding of warming effects on ecosystem functions. However, observations have tended to focus aboveground traits, and there little information belowground or coordination above- under climate warming, particularly permafrost ecosystems. Based a 7-yr field experiment, we measured 26 four dominant species, explored community composition trait networks response experimental Tibetan Plateau. Experimental shifted community-level toward more acquisitive values, with earlier green-up, greater height, larger leaves, higher photosynthetic resource-use efficiency, thinner roots, specific root length nutrient concentrations. had negligible effect terms diversity. In addition, hub which highest centrality network from area leaf area. These results demonstrate that exhibit consistent adaptive strategies, warmer environments. Such could provide an advantage plants environmental change.

Language: Английский

---

Species phylogeny, ecology, and root traits as predictors of root exudate composition

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239(4), P. 1212 - 1224

Published: July 8, 2023

Summary Root traits including root exudates are key factors affecting plant interactions with soil and thus play an important role in determining ecosystem processes. The drivers of their variation, however, remain poorly understood. We determined the relative importance phylogeny species ecology analyzed extent to which exudate composition can be predicted by other traits. measured different morphological biochemical (including profiles) 65 grown a controlled system. tested phylogenetic conservatism disentangled individual overlapping effects on also using Phylogenetic signal differed greatly among traits, strongest phenol content tissues. Interspecific variation was partly explained ecology, but more most cases. Species could specific length, dry matter content, biomass, diameter, large part remained unexplained. In conclusion, exudation cannot easily based comparative data needed understand diversity.

Language: Английский

---

Climate-trait relationships exhibit strong habitat specificity in plant communities across Europe

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Abstract Ecological theory predicts close relationships between macroclimate and functional traits. Yet, global climatic gradients correlate only weakly with the trait composition of local plant communities, suggesting that important factors have been ignored. Here, we investigate consistency climate-trait for communities in European habitats. Assuming are better accounted more narrowly defined habitats, assigned > 300,000 vegetation plots to hierarchically classified habitats modelled effects climate on community-weighted means four key traits using generalized additive models. We found predictive power increased from broadly specific leaf area root length, but not height seed mass. Although generally predicted distribution all traits, its varied, habitat-specificity increasing toward conclude is an determinant terrestrial future predictions must consider how defined.

Language: Английский

---

Plant Strategies

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 27, 2023

Abstract Plants have evolved a remarkable array of adaptive solutions to the existential problem survival and reproduction in world where disturbances can be deadly, resources are scarce, competition is cutthroat. inherited phenotypic traits that increased their chance success, these indicators strategies for establishment survival. A plant strategy thought as “how species sustains population” (Westoby, 1998, p. 214) because all successful must positive demographic outcomes habitats which they adapted. This book aims articulate coherent framework studying unifies demography with functional ecology advance prediction ecology. Central this traits: heritable morphological, physiological, phenological attributes plants influence therefore drive fitness differences among species.

Language: Английский

---

The importance of trait selection in ecology

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 618(7967), P. E29 - E30

Published: June 28, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Neighbourhood species richness and drought‐tolerance traits modulate tree growth and δ¹³C responses to drought

Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 330 - 345

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract Mixed‐species forests are promoted as a forest management strategy for climate change adaptation, but whether they more resistant to drought than monospecific remains contested. In particular, the trait‐based mechanisms driving role of tree diversity under remain elusive. Using cores from large‐scale biodiversity experiment, we investigated growth and physiological stress responses ( i.e. increase in wood carbon isotopic ratio; δ 13 C) changes climate‐induced water availability (wet dry years) along gradients neighbourhood species richness drought‐tolerance traits. We hypothesized that increases decreases C these relationships modulated by abiotic climatic conditions) biotic context. characterised context using traits focal trees their neighbours. These related cavitation resistance versus resource acquisition stomatal control. Tree increased with richness. However, did not observe universal relief species‐rich neighbourhoods. The effects on were At either end each gradient, responded opposing directions during wet years. show species' can explain strength nature biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experimental communities experiencing drought. Mixing may universally relieve stress.

Language: Английский

---

The biological controls of soil carbon accumulation following wildfire and harvest in boreal forests: A review

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(5)

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract Boreal forests are frequently subjected to disturbances, including wildfire and clear‐cutting. While these disturbances can cause soil carbon (C) losses, the long‐term accumulation dynamics of C stocks during subsequent stand development is controlled by biological processes related balance net primary production (NPP) outputs via heterotrophic respiration leaching, many which remain poorly understood. We review suggested influence in boreal forests. Our indicates that median rates following clear‐cutting similar (0.15 0.20 Mg ha −1 year , respectively), however, variation between studies extremely high. Further, while individual show linear increases through time after disturbance, there indications stock recovery fastest early mid‐succession (e.g. 15–80 years) then slows as mature >100 years). indicate rapid build‐up younger stands appears not only driven higher plant production, but also a high rate mycorrhizal hyphal suppression saprotrophs. As mature, reductions increasing litter recalcitrance, ectomycorrhizal decomposers saprotrophs have been highlighted key controls on rates. some appear well understood temporal patterns NPP, changes aboveground quality), others research frontiers. Notably, very little data exists describing comparing successional root functional traits, mycorrhizal‐saprotroph interactions, or dissolved organic different disturbances. argue less described require attention, they will be for understanding ecosystem balances, representing more accurately Earth system models.

Language: Английский

---

Drought response in herbaceous plants: A test of the integrated framework of plant form and function

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(3), P. 679 - 691

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Multidimensional trait frameworks are increasingly used to understand plant strategies for growth and survival. However, it is unclear if developed at a global level can be applied in local communities how well these frameworks—based largely on morphological traits—align with physiology response stress. We tested the ability of an integrated framework form function characterise seedling variation drought among 22 grasses forbs common semi‐arid grassland. measured above‐ground below‐ground traits, survival explore linked three dimensions (resource conservation, microbial collaboration, size) associated as non‐morphological (e.g. physiological traits) that under‐represented frameworks. found support globally‐recognised axes representing trade‐offs tissue investment (leaf nitrogen, leaf mass per area, root density), resource uptake (root diameter, specific length), size (shoot mass). contrast patterns, conservation gradients were oppositely aligned: density was positively correlated N rather than area. This likely reflects different annual perennial herbaceous species, fast‐growing species invested lower roots less nitrogen‐rich leaves maximise plant‐level carbon assimilation. Species longer minimised water loss through small low leaf‐level transpiration rates, best predicted by principal component axis size. Contrary our expectations, seedlings did not align or collaboration suggesting functional achieve similar survival, long they minimise loss. Our results also show within communities, expected relationships could decoupled some groups performance combinations. The effectiveness mean values predicting highlights value trait‐based methods versatile tool understanding ecological processes locally across various ecosystems. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

---

Unravelling the clonal trait space: Beyond above‐ground and fine‐root traits

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(4), P. 730 - 740

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Abstract Plant trait variation is constrained by mechanical and energetic trade‐offs as attested the global spectrum of plant form function fine‐root economics space for above‐ below‐ground traits. However, traits that are key fitness maintenance in some groups, such clonal bud bank traits, have not yet been integrated within frameworks provided above‐ground space. By using an extensive dataset encompassing above‐ground, fine‐root, 2000 species Central European herbs, we asked whether correspond to placement or Perennial non‐clonal herbs show indistinct positioning spaces. This extends reinforces previous fragmentary evidence weak correlations between dimensions. Additionally, identify first time a limited correlation well. disconnection suggests operate independently from other spectra. For this reason, introduce concept ‘clonal space’ herbs. The dimension defined size persistence connection, reflecting gradient specialisation on‐spot tolerance disturbance ( dimension). second dimension, multiplication rate lateral spread, reflects axis horizontal Clonal dimensions add non‐redundant information fine‐roots Synthesis : We champion integration into spaces, thereby enhancing our comprehension multifaceted strategies exhibited plants.

Language: Английский

---