Climate Change and Livestock Production: A Literature Review

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 140 - 140

Published: Jan. 15, 2022

Globally, the climate is changing, and this has implications for livestock. Climate affects livestock growth rates, milk egg production, reproductive performance, morbidity, mortality, along with feed supply. Simultaneously, a change driver, generating 14.5% of total anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Herein, we review literature addressing livestock, covering impacts, emissions, adaptation possibilities, mitigation strategies. While existing principally focuses on ruminants, extended scope to include non-ruminants. We found that are affected by do enhance through emissions but there actions can limit effects change. also suggest some research directions especially find need work in developing country settings. In context change, measures pivotal sustaining growing demand products, often their relevance depends local conditions. Furthermore, key limiting future extent number possible

Language: Английский

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Dominant role of soil moisture in mediating carbon and water fluxes in dryland ecosystems

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 38 - 43

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Wetting and drying trends under climate change

Nature Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(6), P. 502 - 513

Published: May 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Plant responses to changing rainfall frequency and intensity

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 276 - 294

Published: April 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Field experiments have enhanced our understanding of drought impacts on terrestrial ecosystems—But where do we go from here?

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 76 - 97

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Abstract We review results from field experiments that simulate drought, an ecologically impactful global change threat is predicted to increase in magnitude, extent, duration and frequency. Our goal address, primarily ecosystem perspective, the questions ‘What have we learned drought experiments?’ ‘Where do go here?’. Drought are among most numerous climate manipulations been deployed across a wide range of biomes, although conducted short‐statured, water‐limited ecosystems. Collectively, these enabled ecologists quantify negative responses occur for aspects structure function. Multiple meta‐analyses also comparisons relative effect sizes hundreds sites, particularly carbon cycle metrics. Overall, provided strong evidence sensitivity increases with aridity, but plant traits associated aridity not necessarily predictive resistance. There intriguing as magnitude or extreme levels, strategies may shift tolerance escape/avoidance. highlight three areas where more needed advance our understanding. First, because intensifying multiple ways, address alterations versus duration, timing and/or frequency (individually interactively). Second, drivers be shifting—from precipitation deficits rising atmospheric demand water—and disentangling how ecosystems respond changes hydrological ‘supply demand’ critical understanding impacts future. Finally, attention should focussed on post‐drought recovery periods since legacies can affect functioning much longer than itself. conclude call fundamental focus those designed ‘response experiments’, quantifying function, ‘mechanistic experiments’—those explicitly manipulate ecological processes attributes thought underpin responses. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Distribution of important medicinal plant species in Nepal under past, present, and future climatic conditions

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 109879 - 109879

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Climate change is causing shifts in the habitat, distribution, ecology, and phenology of Himalayan plants. These changes are predicted to continue, jeopardizing survival medicinal plant species local livelihoods that rely on them. We analyzed present future diversity distribution influenced by different climate scenarios, calculated climatic niche using ensemble modeling (eSDM). compiled 1041 (N) geospatial data seven high-value Nepal: Aconitum spicatum (n = 100), Allium wallichii 151), Bergenia ciliata 48), Nardostachys jatamansi 121), Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora 94), Paris polyphylla 310) Valeriana 217) including over 85 % from field surveys rest literature online database. used bioclimatic variables Models for Interdisciplinary Research (MIROC) version MIROC6, selected Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP)2-4.5 SSP5-8.5 year 2050 2070 modeling. found elevation, mean diurnal annual temperature ranges (BIO2 BIO7), precipitation warmest coldest quarters (BIO18 BIO19) be most high weight cofactors projecting potential plants Nepal. Results showed suitable range would increase concentrate mountainous areas central Nepal, but decline (sub)tropical temperate areas, suggesting both in-situ ex-situ conservation practices, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Woody species do not differ in dormancy progression: Differences in time to budbreak due to forcing and cold hardiness

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(19)

Published: May 2, 2022

Budbreak is one of the most observed and studied phenological phases in perennial plants, but predictions remain a challenge, largely due to our poor understanding dormancy. Two dimensions exposure temperature are generally used model budbreak: accumulation time spent at low temperatures (chilling) heat units (forcing). These two effects have well-established negative correlation; with more chilling, less forcing required for budbreak. Furthermore, temperate plant species assumed vary chilling requirements dormancy completion allowing proper Here, investigated from cold hardiness standpoint across many species, demonstrating that it should be accounted study accurately predict Most lost prior budbreak, rates loss (deacclimation) among leading different times Within deacclimation rate increases chill. When inherent differences between by normalizing throughout winter maximum observed, standardized potential produced. Deacclimation quantitative measurement progression based on responsiveness as chill accumulates, which similarly all contradicting estimations transition budbreak assays. This finding indicates comparisons physiologic genetic control require an dynamics. Thus, updated framework studying its spring phenology suggested where lieu (or addition to) used.

Language: Английский

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Timing and magnitude of drought impacts on carbon uptake across a grassland biome

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(10), P. 2790 - 2803

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Although drought is known to negatively impact grassland functioning, the timing and magnitude of these impacts within a growing season remain unresolved. Previous small-scale assessments indicate grasslands may only respond during narrow periods year; however, large-scale are now needed uncover general patterns determinants this timing. We combined remote sensing datasets gross primary productivity weather assess responses at 5 km2 temporal resolution across two expansive ecoregions western US Great Plains biome: C4 -dominated shortgrass steppe C3 northern mixed prairies. Across over 700,000 pixel-year combinations covering more than 600,000 , we studied how driest years between 2003-2020 altered daily bi-weekly dynamics carbon (C) uptake. Reductions C uptake intensified into early summer peaked in mid- late June both ecoregions. Stimulation spring was small insufficient compensate for losses summer. Thus, total consistently reduced by ecoregions; reductions were twice as large southern warmer steppe. biome, increased vapor pressure deficit (VPD) strongly linked peak vegetation greenness drought. Rising VPD will likely exacerbate Plains, with greatest warmest months locations. High spatiotemporal analyses response areas provide generalizable insights new opportunities basic applied ecosystem science water-limited amid climate change.

Language: Английский

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Drought as an emergent driver of ecological transformation in the twenty-first century

BioScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74(8), P. 524 - 538

Published: June 18, 2024

Under climate change, ecosystems are experiencing novel drought regimes, often in combination with stressors that reduce resilience and amplify drought's impacts. Consequently, appears increasingly likely to push systems beyond important physiological ecological thresholds, resulting substantial changes ecosystem characteristics persisting long after ends (i.e., transformation). In the present article, we clarify how can lead transformation across a wide variety of including forests, woodlands, grasslands. Specifically, describe change alters regimes this translates impacts on plant population growth, either directly or through interactions factors such as land management, biotic interactions, other disturbances. We emphasize among mechanisms inhibit postdrought recovery shift trajectories toward alternate states. Providing holistic picture initiates long-term supports development risk assessments, predictive models, management strategies, enhancing preparedness for complex growing challenge.

Language: Английский

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The impacts of drought on water availability: spatial and temporal analysis in the Belt and Road region (2001–2020)

International Journal of Digital Earth, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Climate change, population growth, and economic development exacerbate water scarcity. This study investigates the impact of drought on availability in Belt Road region using high-resolution remote sensing data from 2001 to 2020. The results revealed an average (precipitation minus evapotranspiration) 249 mm/year a declining trend region. Approximately 13% faces deficits (evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation), primarily arid semi-arid regions with high frequency. area deficit is expanding, intensity increasing. annual strongly related frequency droughts, i.e. decreases increased Drought exacerbates seasonal stress approximately one-third region, mainly Europe northern Asia, where frequently occurs during seasons low availability. more severe drought, larger negative anomaly critical role evapotranspiration variability also highlighted. research underscores importance understanding drought-induced changes availability, which crucial for sustainable resource management.

Language: Английский

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