Tree Physiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
43(8), P. 1383 - 1399
Published: April 26, 2023
Abstract
As
the
global
climate
warms,
a
key
question
is
how
increased
leaf
temperatures
will
affect
tree
physiology
and
coupling
between
air
in
forests.
To
explore
impact
of
increasing
on
plant
performance
open
air,
we
warmed
leaves
canopy
two
mature
evergreen
forests,
temperate
Eucalyptus
woodland
tropical
rainforest.
The
heaters
consistently
maintained
at
target
4
°C
above
ambient
temperatures.
Ambient
(Tleaf)
were
mostly
coupled
to
(Tair),
but
times,
could
be
8–10
warmer
than
temperatures,
especially
full
sun.
At
both
sites,
Tleaf
was
higher
(Tair
>
25
°C),
cooler
lower
Tair,
contrary
‘leaf
homeothermy
hypothesis’.
Warmed
showed
significantly
stomatal
conductance
(−0.05
mol
m−2
s−1
or
−43%
across
species)
net
photosynthesis
(−3.91
μmol
−39%),
with
similar
rates
respiration
common
temperature
(no
acclimation).
Increased
due
future
warming
reduce
carbon
assimilation
via
reduced
these
potentially
weakening
land
sink
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: April 17, 2023
Abstract
Quantifying
the
stomatal
responses
of
plants
to
global
change
factors
is
crucial
for
modeling
terrestrial
carbon
and
water
cycles.
Here
we
synthesize
worldwide
experimental
data
show
that
conductance
(
g
s
)
decreases
with
elevated
dioxide
(CO
2
),
warming,
decreased
precipitation,
tropospheric
ozone
pollution,
but
increases
increased
precipitation
nitrogen
(N)
deposition.
These
vary
treatment
magnitude,
plant
attributes
(ambient
,
vegetation
biomes,
functional
types),
climate.
All
two-factor
combinations
(except
warming
+
N
deposition)
significantly
reduce
their
individual
effects
are
commonly
additive
tend
be
antagonistic
as
effect
sizes
increased.
We
further
rising
CO
would
dominate
future
across
biomes.
The
results
our
meta-analysis
provide
a
foundation
understanding
predicting
biomes
guiding
manipulative
experiment
designs
in
real
world
where
do
not
occur
isolation.
New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
241(6), P. 2366 - 2378
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Summary
The
strong
covariation
of
temperature
and
vapour
pressure
deficit
(VPD)
in
nature
limits
our
understanding
the
direct
effects
on
leaf
gas
exchange.
Stable
isotopes
CO
2
H
O
provide
mechanistic
insight
into
physiological
biochemical
processes
during
We
conducted
combined
exchange
online
isotope
discrimination
measurements
four
common
European
tree
species
across
a
range
5–40°C,
while
maintaining
constant
leaf‐to‐air
VPD
(0.8
kPa)
without
soil
water
limitation.
Above
optimum
for
photosynthesis
(30°C)
under
controlled
environmental
conditions,
stomatal
conductance
(
g
s
)
net
rate
A
n
decoupled
all
tested
species,
with
increasing
but
decreasing.
During
this
decoupling,
mesophyll
(cell
wall,
plasma
membrane
chloroplast
conductance)
consistently
significantly
decreased
among
species;
however,
reduction
did
not
lead
to
reductions
concentration
at
surface
stroma.
question
conventional
that
diffusional
limitations
contribute
high
temperatures.
suggest
stomata
membranes
could
work
strategically
facilitate
transpiration
cooling
supply,
thus
alleviating
heat
stress
photosynthetic
function,
albeit
cost
reduced
water‐use
efficiency.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(14), P. 6089 - 6089
Published: July 17, 2024
Nowadays,
climate
change
is
recognized
as
one
of
the
biggest
problems
world
facing,
posing
a
potential
threat
to
environment
and
almost
all
aspects
human
life.
Since
United
Nations
Framework
Convention
on
Climate
Change
in
1992,
many
efforts
have
been
made
mitigate
change,
with
no
considerable
results.
According
projections,
temperatures
will
continue
rise,
extreme
weather
events
become
more
frequent,
prolonged,
intense.
Reflecting
these
concerns,
2015
Paris
Agreement
was
adopted
cornerstone
for
reducing
impact
aiming
limit
global
warming
below
2
°C
even
keep
temperature
rise
1.5
°C.
To
achieve
this
international
goal,
focused
mitigation
actions
be
required.
has
strong
forests,
enhancing
their
growth
but
also
risks
them.
Conversely,
forests
can
they
surface
through
influence
land–atmosphere
energy
exchange
absorption
vast
amounts
CO2
photosynthesis.
Consequently,
afforestation
reforestation
integral
components
strategies
worldwide.
This
review
aims
summarize
cutting-edge
knowledge
role
mitigation,
emphasizing
carbon
storage
capacity.
Overall,
afforestation/reforestation
hinges
strategic
planning,
implementation,
local
forest
conditions.
Integrating
other
removal
technologies
could
enhance
long-term
effectiveness
storage.
Ultimately,
effective
entails
both
restoring
establishing
alongside
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
916, P. 169931 - 169931
Published: Jan. 8, 2024
Recent
studies
indicate
an
increase
in
the
frequency
of
extreme
compound
dryness
days
(days
with
both
soil
AND
air
dryness)
across
central
Europe
future,
little
information
on
their
impact
functioning
trees
and
forests.
This
study
aims
to
quantify
assess
dryness,
For
this,
>15
years
ecosystem-level
(carbon
dioxide
water
vapor
fluxes)
6-10
tree-level
measurements
(transpiration
growth)
each
from
a
montane
mixed
deciduous
forest
(CH-Lae)
subalpine
evergreen
coniferous
(CH-Dav)
Switzerland,
is
used.
The
results
showed
limitation
CO
Ecological Indicators,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
159, P. 111636 - 111636
Published: Jan. 26, 2024
High-altitude
mountain
plants
are
at
risk
of
extinction
due
to
global
warming.
Our
study
examined
the
stoichiometric
characteristics
high-altitude
in
response
a
progressively
warming
climate,
as
well
exploring
potential
relationships
between
hydraulic
conductivity
efficiency,
characteristics,
and
morphological
traits.
As
research
object,
it
was
decided
conduct
this
investigation
using
Faxon
fir,
dominant
species
Minjiang
River
Basin
with
better
water
conditions.
The
sampling
time
four
months.
In
July
2019,
October
January
2020,
April
(N
P)
needles,
branches,
stems,
roots
fir
were
measured
along
an
altitude
gradient
200
m
intervals
from
2800
3600
m.
We
also
traits
This
showed
that
N
P
preferentially
followed
by
branches
roots,
finally
trunk,
N-restricted
state.
elements
exhibit
significant
correlation
traits,
while
relationship
is
mediated
indirectly
through
At
high
altitudes,
climate
will
increase
limitation
but
effect
on
be
relatively
limited.
Climate
environment
status
closely
related
distribution
nutrients
organs.
Undoubtedly,
change
directly
affect
survival
plants,
appropriate
strategies
can
encourage
adapt
changes
balancing
energy
among
different
organs
tissues.
Functional Ecology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Abstract
Climate
warming
and
associated
extreme
temperature
fluctuations
result
in
rapid
pronounced
changes
the
biogeographical
ranges
of
species.
However,
existing
models
that
predict
these
climate‐driven
range
dynamics
often
fail
to
adequately
account
for
intricacies
local
adaptation
individual
specialization,
treating
species
as
having
uniform
responses
without
accounting
variability.
This
oversight
highlights
need
enhance
our
understanding
evolutionary
implications
intraspecific
intrageneric
variability,
particularly
with
respect
photosynthetic
acclimation
plants.
To
explore
how
widespread
plant
adapt
we
used
cosmopolitan
genus
Phragmites
a
model.
We
assessed
variance–covariance
matrix
gene‐based
traits
quantify
genetic
variability
examine
correlations
among
acclimatization
thermal
gradient
includes
low‐,
moderate‐,
high‐temperature
regimes.
Our
findings
revealed
clinal
variations,
exemplified
by
increased
robustness
plants
from
lower
latitudes,
were
closely
related
latitudinal
origins
genotypes
manifested
more
prominently
cooler
environments.
Furthermore,
coordination
integrated
physiological
traits,
aimed
at
preserving
whole
fitness,
exhibits
heightened
response
under
cold
stress.
observed
plasticity
did
not
increase
latitude
regions
high
climatic
seasonality,
indicating
deviation
expected
patterns.
finding
prompted
re‐evaluation
phenotypic
plasticity.
improved
variation
strategies
species,
refining
predictions
responses,
survival,
distribution
amidst
global
climate
change.
Read
free
Plain
Language
Summary
this
article
on
Journal
blog.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
29(18), P. 5379 - 5396
Published: June 28, 2023
Abstract
Atmospheric
dryness,
as
indicated
by
vapor
pressure
deficit
(VPD),
has
a
strong
influence
on
forest
greenhouse
gas
exchange
with
the
atmosphere.
In
this
study,
we
used
long‐term
(10–30
years)
net
ecosystem
productivity
(NEP)
measurements
from
60
sites
across
world
(1003
site‐years)
to
quantify
changes
in
NEP
resistance
and
recovery
response
extreme
atmospheric
dryness.
We
tested
two
hypotheses:
first,
differences
of
forests
will
depend
both
biophysical
characteristics
(i.e.,
leaf
area
index
[LAI]
type)
well
local
meteorological
conditions
site
mean
VPD
site),
second,
experiencing
an
increasing
trend
frequency
intensity
dryness
show
over
time
due
emergence
ecological
stress
memory.
data‐driven
statistical
learning
approach
multiple
years.
Our
results
showed
that
types,
LAI,
median
explained
50%
variance
recovery,
drier
showing
higher
compared
less
The
impact
events
lasted
for
up
3
days
following
most
severe
forests,
than
100%.
rejected
our
second
hypothesis
found
no
consistent
relationship
between
trends
different
sites,
thus
increase
it
is
predicted
might
not
or
terms
NEP.
Energy & Fuels,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
37(5), P. 3570 - 3589
Published: Feb. 16, 2023
Global
warming
has
emerged
as
a
major
problem
for
humanity
in
this
anthropocentric
period.
The
constantly
rising
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
the
atmosphere
caused
global
warming,
which
series
changes
Earth's
climate
and
weather
systems.
Rapid
anthropogenic
activity
such
industrialization
urbanization
led
to
increasing
CO2
level
environment.
is
captured
utilized
source
synthesizing
various
value-added
products
through
physical
chemical
methods.
However,
techniques
do
not
provide
an
ecologically
friendly
or
cost-effective
procedure.
Some
advanced
innovative,
environmentally
green
methods
based
on
photosynthesis,
microbial
electrosynthesis,
gas
fermentation
processes
can
help
clean
by
sequestering
producing
from
CO2.
This
approach
potential
reduce
greenhouse
emissions,
increase
productivity,
create
new
economic
opportunities.
In
review,
we
found
that
photosynthetic
process
high
capacity
sequestration.
contrast,
electrosynthesis
have
efficiency
product
synthesis.
These
biological
sequestration
technologies
contribute
sustainability
process.
each
method
its
own
strengths
weaknesses,
choice
will
depend
specific
goals
resources
project.
report
also
defined
influencing
factors
photosynthetic,
optimized
development
these
technologies,
while
challenges
future
directions
are
discussed.
New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
244(4), P. 1238 - 1249
Published: May 12, 2024
Summary
As
temperature
rises,
net
carbon
uptake
in
tropical
forests
decreases,
but
the
underlying
mechanisms
are
not
well
understood.
High
temperatures
can
limit
photosynthesis
directly,
for
example
by
reducing
biochemical
capacity,
or
indirectly
through
rising
vapor
pressure
deficit
(VPD)
causing
stomatal
closure.
To
explore
independent
effects
of
and
VPD
on
we
analyzed
data
from
upper
canopies
two
Panama
with
Generalized
Additive
Models.
Stomatal
conductance
consistently
decreased
increasing
VPD,
statistically
accounting
increased
optimum
(
T
opt
)
trees
a
VPD‐confounded
apparent
c
.
30–31°C
to
VPD‐independent
33–36°C,
while
lianas
no
was
reached
within
measured
range.
Trees
exhibited
similar
responses
both
forests,
despite
1500
mm
difference
mean
annual
rainfall.
Over
ecologically
relevant
ranges,
is
largely
limited
indirect
warming,
changes
direct
warming
photosynthetic
biochemistry.
Failing
account
when
determining
misattributes
causal
mechanism
thereby
hinders
advancement
mechanistic
understanding
global
forest
dynamics.