Native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi drive ecophysiology through phenotypic integration and functional plasticity under the Sonoran desert conditions DOI
Alberto Jiménez, Aldo Gutiérrez,

Antonio Orozco

et al.

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(5)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Abstract Knowledge is scarce to what extent environmental drivers and native symbiotic fungi in soil induce abrupt (short‐term), systemic (multiple traits), or specific (a subset of traits) shifts C 3 plants' ecophysiological/mycorrhizal responses. We cultivated an emblematic species ( Capsicum annuum var . glabriusculum , “Chiltepín”) look at how the extreme heat Sonoran desert, sunlight regimes (low = 2, intermediate 15, high 46 mol m 2 d −1 ) density arbuscular mycorrhizal AMF 1% v/v, 100% v/v), drive on responses through multiple functional traits (106 traits). The warming thresholds were relentlessly harsh even under intensive shade (e.g. superheat maximum reached ranged between 47–63°C), several pivotal synergistically driven by photosynthetic capacity, biomass gain/allometry, colonization traits); whereas concurrently, promoted most (76%) alterations acclimation short‐term opposite directions survival, phenology, photosynthetic, carbon/nitrogen economy). Multidimensional reduction analysis suggests that promotes a synergistic impact phenotypic integration plasticity response regimes; however, complex relationships among suggest variation determines robustness degree phenotypes between/within environments. Photosynthetic canopy surface expansion, Rubisco activity, nitrogen allocation, carbon gain, differential could be central overall fitness strengthening. In conclusion, we found evidence strong combined effect factors which are key effectors important trade‐offs short term.

Language: Английский

Boreal conifers maintain carbon uptake with warming despite failure to track optimal temperatures DOI Creative Commons
Mirindi Eric Dusenge, J. M. Warren, Peter B. Reich

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Warming shifts the thermal optimum of net photosynthesis (ToptA) to higher temperatures. However, our knowledge this shift is mainly derived from seedlings grown in greenhouses under ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) conditions. It unclear whether ToptA field-grown trees will keep pace with temperatures predicted for 21st century elevated CO2 concentrations. Here, using a whole-ecosystem warming controlled experiment either or levels, we show that mature boreal conifers increased warming. did not as only by 0.26-0.35 °C per 1 Net photosynthetic rates estimated at mean growth temperature spruce, while remaining constant spruce and both tamarack Although these two species are insufficient warming, can thermally acclimate maintain uptake future air

Language: Английский

Citations

14
The long and tortuous path towards improving photosynthesis by engineering elevated mesophyll conductance DOI Creative Commons
Alistair Leverett, Johannes Kromdijk

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(9), P. 3411 - 3427

Published: May 28, 2024

The growing demand for global food production is likely to be a defining issue facing humanity over the next 50 years. To tackle this challenge, there desire bioengineer crops with higher photosynthetic efficiencies, increase yields. Recently, has been interest in engineering leaves mesophyll conductance (g

Language: Английский

Citations

4
GasanalyzeR: Advancing Reproducible Research using a New R Package for Photosynthesis Data Workflows DOI Creative Commons
Danny Tholen

AoB Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4)

Published: June 20, 2024

Abstract The analysis of photosynthetic traits has become an integral part plant (eco-)physiology. Many these characteristics are not directly measured, but calculated from combinations several, more direct, measurements. calculations such derived variables based on underlying physical models and may use additional constants or assumed values. Commercially available gas-exchange instruments typically report variables, the implementations different definitions assumptions. Moreover, no software is currently to allow a fully scripted reproducible workflow that includes importing data, pre-processing recalculating quantities. R package gasanalyzer aims address issues by providing methods import data instruments, translating standardized nomenclature, optionally quantities using equations. In addition, facilitates performing sensitivity analyses assumptions used in researchers better assess robustness results. how perform demonstrated three examples.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Overstory and understory leaves warm faster than air in evergreen needleleaf forests DOI
Keenan J. Ganz, Christopher J. Still, Bharat Rastogi

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 364, P. 110456 - 110456

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Navigating Challenges in Interpreting Plant Physiology Responses through Gas Exchange Results in Stressed Plants DOI

Diego Márquez,

Anna Gardner, Florian A. Busch

et al.

Plant ecophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 2 - 2

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Explainable machine learning for predicting stomatal conductance across multiple plant functional types DOI Creative Commons
Srishti Gaur, D. Drewry

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 350, P. 109955 - 109955

Published: March 18, 2024

Stomatal conductance (gs) is a key leaf-level function controlling water, carbon, and energy exchange between vegetation the surrounding environment. Conventionally, semi-empirical models have been used to model gs, but these require re-parameterization as ecosystems undergo phenological changes over growing season. In contrast, machine learning (ML) offer potential path overcome this problem are less interpretable than process-based models. This study explores ML an approach develop flexible robust of gs for range plant functional types (PFTs), including C3 crops, grasses, shrubs, tree species across different continents. An explainable machine-learning (eXML) was here provide novel interpretations insights into formulations relative predictor importance. We contrast performance three architectures: extreme gradient boosting, random forests, neural networks. Models were developed examined using many combinations environmental physiological predictors. The results demonstrated that significantly outperform conventional in predicting responses environment, while not requiring required paradigm. Particular focus placed on formulated around sets are: (a) relevant estimation modern terrestrial biophysical simulation models, (b) composed variables describing drivers can be remotely sensed non-invasively. "Generalized" data from all four PFTs strong predictive only variables, capturing 63–80 % variability stomatal architectures. Four resulted 79–83 variability, five able capture much 87 PFTs. Uncertainty predictions quantified quantile regression. Shapley additive explanations applied unravel instance-based positive negative contributions predictors modeling, illustrating consistent with underlying ecophysiology. work demonstrates power introduce new paradigm highly dynamic ecophysiological processes critical prediction.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Dissecting the Superior Drivers for the Simultaneous Improvement of Fiber Quality and Yield Under Drought Stress Via Genome‐Wide Artificial Introgressions of Gossypium barbadense into Gossypium hirsutum DOI Creative Commons

Bei Han,

Wenhao Zhang, Fengjiao Wang

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 10, 2024

Global water scarcity and extreme weather intensify drought stress, significantly reducing cotton yield quality worldwide. Drought treatments are conducted using a population of chromosome segment substitution lines generated from E22 (G. hirsutum) 3-79 barbadense) as parental either show superior yields or fiber under both control conditions. Fourteen datasets, covering 4 traits, compiled assessed for resistance the coefficient (DRC) membership function value (MFVD). Genome-wide association studies, linkage analysis, bulked segregant analysis combined to analyze DR-related QTL. A total 121 significant QTL identified by DRC MFVD 8 traits. CRISPR/Cas9 virus-induced gene silencing techniques verified DRR1 DRT1 pivotal genes in regulating resistant cotton, with hap

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Temperature governs the relative contributions of cuticle and stomata to leaf minimum conductance DOI Creative Commons
Josef C. Garen, Sean T. Michaletz

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

Summary During periods of stomatal closure, such as drought, plant leaves continue to lose water at a rate determined by the minimum leaf conductance, g min . Although varies with temperature, less is known about what drives this variation, including how pathways loss (cuticle or stomata) vary temperature. We used gas exchange and bench drying methods measure cuticular cw , across wide temperature range (20–50°C) in 11 broadleaf species. Vapour pressure deficit (VPD) covaried from 0.83 10.7 kPa. The dominant pathway for shifted transpiration towards increased. Leaf traits had variable, temperature‐dependent relationships trait–conductance being generally stronger higher temperatures. Cuticular thickness varied inversely high‐temperature Simulation results showed that may impact photosynthetic capacity estimates, particularly species low conductance. during times closure depend strongly on This effect have large implications landscape‐scale balance modelling improving measurements. propose variation VPD potential contributing factor among studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Leaf nitrogen affects photosynthesis and water use efficiency similarly in nitrogen‐fixing and non‐fixing trees DOI Creative Commons
Thomas A. Bytnerowicz, Jennifer L. Funk, Duncan N. L. Menge

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(11), P. 2457 - 2471

Published: Sept. 9, 2023

Abstract Nitrogen (N)‐fixing trees are thought to break a basic rule of leaf economics: higher N concentrations do not translate into rates carbon assimilation. Understanding how affects photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) in this ecologically important group is critical. We grew six N‐fixing four non‐fixing tree species for 4–5 years at fertilization treatments field experiments temperate tropical regions assess functional type (N fixer vs. non‐fixer) limitation affected light‐saturated ( A sat ), stomatal conductance g sw ) WUE (WUE i δ 13 C). , C, but increased with N. Surprisingly, displayed similar scaling between these physiological variables, finding was supported by reanalysis global dataset. fixers generally had than non‐fixers, even when non‐fixers were N‐limited the level. Leaf‐level did alter relationship C N, although it affect photosynthetic efficiency. Higher associated productivity, whereas not. Synthesis : The ecological success depends on effect gain loss. Using experiment dataset, we show that high leaf‐level stems from their average rather difference By clarifying mechanism which achieve benefit WUE, our results further understanding distributions.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Rapid evaluation of leaf photosynthesis using a closed-chamber system in a C4 plant, sugarcane DOI Creative Commons
Hiroo Takaragawa, Hiroshi Matsuda

Plant Production Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 174 - 186

Published: April 3, 2023

To accelerate research on improving sugarcane biomass production, a rapid phenotyping method for individual leaf photosynthetic rates is required. Recently, closed-type measurement system, which faster, lighter, and less expensive than conventional open-type systems, has been developed utilized C3 crops. For future utilization of the system in sugarcane, exhibits higher rate crops, diurnal changes genotypic differences were measured simultaneously using an to verify accuracy measurements assessing environmental responses genetic variation. As relative root-mean-square error, regression between with two was <20% when evaluating differences, closed accurately evaluated multiple samples. Overall, values tended be those open especially high above 30 µmol m−2 s−1. The reason this presumably not morphology, such as stomatal distribution, but fundamental difference systems (steady-state instantaneous system). required 5–7 min measure single record, whereas could at <40 s per record. Although it would desirable develop equation involving each cultivar examine physiological response detail, we conclude that greater potential use photosynthesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

6