Nutrient-induced acidification modulates soil biodiversity-function relationships

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 3, 2024

Abstract Nutrient enrichment is a major global change component that often disrupts the relationship between aboveground biodiversity and ecosystem functions by promoting species dominance, altering trophic interactions, reducing stability. Emerging evidence indicates nutrient also reduces soil weakens belowground functions, but underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we explore effects of on properties, biodiversity, multiple through 13-year field experiment. We show acidification induced enrichment, rather than changes in mineral carbon (C) availability, primary factor negatively affecting diversity multifunctionality. Nitrogen phosphorus additions significantly reduce pH, bacteria, fungi nematodes, as well an array related to C cycling. Effects microbial have negative consequences at higher levels microbivorous nematodes. These results indicate nutrient-induced can cascade up its impacts along food webs influence functioning, providing novel insight into which influences community properties.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the dynamic interactions of root-knot nematodes and their host: role of plant growth promoting bacteria and abiotic factors

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 30, 2024

Root-knot nematodes ( Meloidogyne spp., RKN) are among the most destructive endoparasitic worldwide, often leading to a reduction of crop growth and yield. Insights into dynamics host-RKN interactions, especially in varied biotic abiotic environments, could be pivotal devising novel RKN mitigation measures. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) involves different plant growth-enhancing activities such as biofertilization, pathogen suppression, induction systemic resistance. We summarized up-to-date knowledge on role PGPB factors soil pH, texture, structure, moisture, etc. modulating RKN-host interactions. directly or indirectly affected by PGPB, interplay host responses infection. highlighted tripartite (host-RKN-PGPB) phenomenon with respect (i) direct indirect effect interactions; (ii) influence selection enrichment rhizosphere; (iii) how microbes enhance parasitism; (iv) RKN-PGPB (v) Furthermore, we discussed agricultural practices alter Finally, emphasized importance incorporating interactions integrated management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Nanobiochar: Soil and plant interactions and their implications for sustainable agriculture

Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 103077 - 103077

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Context Matters: Soil Ecosystem Status Varies across Diverse Conservation Agriculture Systems

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Linking Nematode Communities and Soil Health under Climate Change

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 11747 - 11747

Published: July 30, 2023

Soil health is intimately intertwined with ecosystem services. Climate change negatively impacts functioning, by altering carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles shifting nutrient bioavailability, thus hampering food production exacerbating biodiversity loss. services are provided belowground biota, as the most abundant metazoans on Earth, nematodes key elements of soil webs reliable bioindicators health. Here, we carry out a literature review from 2019, year that Intergovernmental Panel Change published report relating expressing serious concerns effects climate land degradation sustainability terrestrial ecosystems. We focus documenting discussing composition nematode communities contributing to improving health, management practices promote their presence limit soils. By recognizing beneficial plant-promoting agents, could harness potential our benefit, catalyze decomposition services, improve plant performance, increase sequestration. This way, will contribute well-balanced well-managed system, making it possible productivity, guarantee security, reduce yield gap, limited human footprint environment.

Language: Английский

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Time Matters: A Short-Term Longitudinal Analysis of Conservation Agriculture and Its Impact on Soil Health

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 1319 - 1334

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Abstract Conservation agriculture is seen as a potential solution to modern farming challenges. This paper elucidates its immediate impact by investigating the short-term dynamics of soil health, including biological constituents, following implementation conservation agriculture. We hypothesised that implementing would lead changes in health. However, these will vary across physical, chemical, and properties soil, given each components likely differently influenced The study site was multi-year trial Ottosdal (South Africa) with different crop production systems, maize monoculture, (rotation maize, sunflower, cover crops), an uncultivated grassland, which served natural reference system. Appropriate statistical methods were used analyse health parameters their interactions from samples collected during three consecutive summer growing seasons. revealed significant between cultivated systems. Total available P, organic matter content, microbial biomass key indicators over 3 years. Crop sequence dynamics, while shift abiotic biotic factors observed primary system differentiators. Notably, rotation structure significantly communities. These findings provide valuable insights into soils biota resulting effects on dynamics. further research required fully elucidate mechanisms involved optimise sustainable practices for diverse environmental contexts.

Language: Английский

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Plant-parasitic nematode disease complexes as overlooked challenges to crop production

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 23, 2024

Plant diseases are caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes. These impact crop growth, reduce produce quality, lead to financial losses. disease can be single pathogens or interactions called “disease complexes”, involving two more pathogens. In these cases, the severity combined is greater than sum of each pathogen alone. complexes formed among plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) with occur. PPNs either enhance other incidence necessary for symptoms expressed. do so being wounding agents, vectors, modifiers plant biochemistry physiology, altering rhizosphere microbiome. This review identifies several PPNs-plant in production discuss how understanding key improving management practices.

Language: Английский

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The crop mined phosphorus nutrition via modifying root traits and rhizosphere micro‐food web to meet the increased growth demand under elevated CO₂

iMeta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(6)

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Elevated CO

Language: Английский

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Non-native vegetation encroachment drives trophic turnover in island nematodes

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Abstract Nematodes are important components of terrestrial ecosystems. There is currently limited understanding how soil nematode communities altered by non-native vegetation encroachment. The spatial turnover was studied on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic: an isolated and degraded volcanic island sparse native vegetation. Many plants were introduced mid-1800’s, shrubs have more recently spread across lowlands. Ascension’s elevation gradient represented a unique space-for-time proxy for colonisation relatively barren landscape. collected at 0, 200, 400, 600 800 m elevations along three transects their community composition linked to Landsat-derived cover moisture over 2000–2023 period. Although taxonomic independent, both abundance richness increased with elevation. moist densely-vegetated mountain top dominated plant-root parasites, less dense mid-elevations omnivores, dry sparsely-vegetated lowlands fungivores, littoral habitat predators. Landsat analysis predicted that relative root parasitic nematodes 23% spreading 24 years. While may be resultant solely historic species introductions, trophic spatially structured likely follows encroachment closely. Root rapidly vegetation, especially oceanic islands. such could become unanticipated hinderance restoration invaded – potentially requiring management long after cleared.

Language: Английский

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The soil bacterium Lysobacter capsici attaches to the nematode surface, and triggers induced systemic resistance in barley, impairing the invasion of root‐lesion nematodes

Oikos, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Root‐lesion nematodes pose a global threat to crop yield and stability, with their broad host range presenting formidable challenge for effective management. In this study, we investigated the role of nematode‐attached bacterium Lysobacter capsici in mitigating invasion Pratylenchus penetrans into spring barley roots. Using split‐root system, demonstrated that cuticle‐attached significantly reduced nematode by 75–77% as compared without L. . This reduction was predominantly due induction systemic defense plants, partially bacterium's local antagonism contact nematode. Compared , root P. attached bacteria differed over time particularly observed at 48‐ 72 h post‐inoculation. Notably, more pronounced when cells were cuticle than applied systemically not directly interacting nematodes. addition, transcriptional analyses revealed higher expression pathogenesis‐related gene PR1 response surface‐sterilized or cells. suggests carry inside roots activate plant defense. Our study showed potential effectively manage populations improve health inducing immune system upon invasion.

Language: Английский

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