Molecular mechanisms underlying coordinated responses of plants to shade and environmental stresses

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 117(6), P. 1893 - 1913

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

SUMMARY Shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) is triggered by a low ratio of red (R) to far‐red (FR) light (R/FR ratio), which caused neighbor detection and/or canopy shade. In order compete for the limited light, plants elongate hypocotyls and petioles deactivating phytochrome B (phyB), major R photoreceptor, thus releasing its inhibition growth‐promoting transcription factors PHYTOCHROME‐INTERACTING FACTORs. Under natural conditions, must cope with abiotic stresses such as drought, soil salinity, extreme temperatures, biotic pathogens pests. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms simultaneously deal multiple environmental stresses. this review, we will summarize recent advances in our understanding how coordinately respond shade stresses, also discuss important questions future research. A deep synergistically together facilitate design breeding new crop varieties enhanced tolerance high‐density planting

Language: Английский

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Berry shade tolerance for agrivoltaics systems: A meta-analysis

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 330, P. 113062 - 113062

Published: March 16, 2024

Agrivoltaics, i.e. the placement of photovoltaic panels above crops, can contribute to more sustainable energy and food systems. However, current large knowledge gap on crop yield response shade is a limiting factor agrivoltaics development. Berries have been identified as benefitting group with high potential for agrivoltaics, but little known their individual response. We examine berry in detail through meta-analysis strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), blueberry (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus), blackberry (Rubus subg. Rubus), black currant (Ribes nigrum), distinguish between crops assess suitability This study provides first curves increasing shade, also distinguishing different radiation intensity environments. The provide valuable information design systems help selecting optimal panel density combinations locations. find that low levels are relatively less detrimental than differs significantly conclude that, although generally classified shade-benefitting previous literature, not all berries equally suitable shaded conditions agrivoltaics. Whereas at intensities benefit from up 50 % other types better tolerant, enduring around 35 without loss declining afterwards.

Language: Английский

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What is going on inside of phytochrome B photobodies?

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 2065 - 2085

Published: March 21, 2024

Plants exhibit an enormous phenotypic plasticity to adjust changing environmental conditions. For this purpose, they have evolved mechanisms detect and measure biotic abiotic factors in their surroundings. Phytochrome B exhibits a dual function, since it serves as photoreceptor for red far-red light well thermosensor. In 1999, was first reported that phytochromes not only translocate into the nucleus but also form subnuclear foci upon irradiation by light. It took more than 10 years until these phytochrome speckles received name; were coined photobodies describe unique phytochrome-containing domains are regulated Since initial discovery, there has been much speculation about significance function of photobodies. Their presumed roles range from pure experimental artifacts waste deposits or signaling hubs. review, we summarize newest findings meaning phyB temperature signaling. Recent studies established formed liquid-liquid phase separation via multivalent interactions provide diverse functions biochemical hotspots regulate gene expression on multiple levels.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing the Transcriptomic Resources of Millets to Decipher Climate Resilience and Nutrient Enrichment Traits

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(5), P. 348 - 375

Published: June 1, 2024

Rich nutrients, climate resilience, and the economic importance of millets are believed to ensure food security for future generations. Millets have habit growing against abiotic stresses (particularly drought stress). show much better resilience nutrient supplementation properties compared other major cereals. Understanding molecular mechanisms genes that respond transport will help understand tolerance mechanism improve both stresses. Genome sequences currently available two (sorghum pearl millet) eight minor (foxtail millet, finger kodo barnyard proso job's tear, fonio tef). Five (little brown top guinea raishan) do not genome date. Transcriptome studies identify differentially expressed (DEGs), mine induced in a particular stress develop several markers all plants, including millets. Some reports on transcriptome datasets plants exposed various biotic nutritional traits. Unfortunately, been adequately leveraged explore associated with traits such as enrichment, crop improvement. This underutilization stems from lack high-resolution limited exploration within field. As result, potential insights genetic understanding offered by these remain largely untapped. Through this review, we plan elucidate current status resources draw utilization resources. review motivate researchers utilize millet

Language: Английский

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Correlation Analysis of Twig and Leaf Characteristics and Leaf Thermal Dissipation of Hippophae rhamnoides in the Riparian Zone of the Taohe River in Gansu Province, China

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 282 - 282

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Aims: The functional traits of twigs and leaves are closely related to the ability plants cope with heterogeneous environments. analysis characteristics leaf thermal dissipation in riparian is great significance for exploring light energy allocation ecological adaptation strategies plant habitats. However, there few studies on correlation between twig–leaf their heat Methods: In this study, Hippophae rhamnoides Taohe National Wetland Park was research object. According differences canopy environment H. population, three habitat gradients were set: I, full sight zone; II, moderate shade III, cover zone. We studied relationship a environment. Important Findings: results as follows: from zone zone, population twig, leaf, photosynthetic fluorescence physiological demonstrated significant changes (p < 0.05). tended have thick smaller SLA short twigs, absorbed by accounted higher proportion dissipation. grow many thin high long lower than that large low slender lowest. There habitats co-variation branches timely adjustment photoheterogeneous reflect phenotypic plasticity mechanism self-protection strategy adapting

Language: Английский

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How to utilize far-red photons effectively: substitution or supplementation with photosynthetically active radiation? A case study of greenhouse lettuce

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of stand structure, individual dominant species and environment on herb diversity in a temperate forest region

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 113262 - 113262

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of Two Ecological Governance Measures for Photovoltaic Power Stations on Plant Growth and Soil Nutrients

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 797 - 797

Published: March 4, 2025

Ecological governance is essential to promoting the sustainable development of photovoltaic power stations in sandy regions and serves as a necessary measure for sand control. This study aims investigate impact ecological measures on soil nutrients plant growth, providing theoretical foundation scientific guidance optimizing management strategies located areas. The research focuses two measures: (1) direct planting Haloxylon ammodendron bare front of, between, behind panels (2) H. after laying straw checkerboard barriers. effects these growth were compared analyzed across different positions relative (in front, behind). revealed that height was significantly higher than control under both all three (p < 0.05). Furthermore, crown width, aboveground biomass, underground total biomass planted directly an greater those plants grown installation A two-factor analysis variance indicated sampling location, measures, their interaction affected width 0.01). Redundancy demonstrated available nitrogen positively correlated with dry weight, parameters increasing content increased. Additionally, potassium identified key factors driving ammodendron. In conclusion, within park superior outcomes species

Language: Английский

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Mowing management favors primary productivity and carbon sequestration without changing species diversity in a temperate hayfield in Central Interior British Columbia, Canada

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e0317536 - e0317536

Published: March 18, 2025

We examined the effects of different mowing heights on plant and soil characteristics an irrigated fertilized perennial cropping system in central interior British Columbia, Canada primarily composed Medicago sativa , Phleum pratense Trifolium . Mowing treatments included cutting 0 cm, 5 10 15 20 25 30 unmowed control treatment. were applied three times throughout study duration, followed by a final harvest. Data collected aboveground productivity, community diversity, levels carbon, nitrogen, organic matter. Results showed productivity to be greatest at lower heights, decreasing as height increased. M0, M5, M10 produced over 300% more cumulative biomass than There no differences across for measures species diversity. The ten-centimetre treatment highest values matter many other after applications (p < 0.05). indicate that higher biomass, did not alter crop composition course study, have potential contribute towards carbon pool. These results provide insight use within systems, carbon. implications this allow agricultural producers make informed decisions how manage their land optimum environmental sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Metabolomic profiling of shade response and in silico analysis of PAL homologs imply the potential presence of bifunctional ammonia lyases in conifers

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 177(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Norway spruce and Scots pine show enhanced lignin synthesis under shade, along with differential expression of defense-related genes that render disease resilience. In general, phenylalanine (Phe) is the precursor for in plants, tyrosine (Tyr) forms an additional specifically grasses. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) (TAL) from biosynthesis pathway use either Phe or Tyr as precursors production, respectively. Grasses possess a bifunctional phenylalanine/tyrosine (PTAL) potentially can both biosynthesis. Metabolomic profiles seedlings revealed higher levels shade pine, while showed regulation only shade. Sequence analysis phylogeny PAL homologs two conifers, coupled correlation up-regulation (Phe/Tyr) suggest potential presence ammonia-lyases (BAL) conifers. This finding novel comparable to PTALs Exome sequence latitudinal variation allele frequencies SNPs coding regions putative BAL spruce, which may impact enzyme activity affecting synthesis. additionally identified metabolites involved plant immunity, defense stress response.

Language: Английский

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