Mycorrhizal research now: from the micro‐ to the macro‐scale

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(4), P. 1399 - 1403

Published: April 24, 2024

Mycorrhizal symbioses are complex relationships between plants and fungi that significantly affect ecosystem dynamics functions across terrestrial environments. These symbiotic interactions, which involve a diverse range of fungal lineages, including Mucoromycotina, Glomeromycotina, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, as well various plant hosts, critical for nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, growth, resilience both partners to environmental stressors. Recent advances in molecular biology, genetics, sciences have enhanced our understanding mycorrhizal illuminated the mechanisms govern these intricate interactions their ecological implications. In this New Phytologist Special Issue on 'Mycorrhizal research now: from micro- macro-scale', we bring together collection studies, examine types symbioses, such arbuscular mycorrhizal, orchid ericoid ectomycorrhizal associations. studies explored molecular, physiological, dimensions uncovering conversations illuminating broader By integrating perspectives, endeavors untangle multifaceted cascading effects ecosystems. Through distilling key insights goal is identify emerging themes future directions research. Martin & van der Heijden (2024, issue pp. 1486–1506) review genomic revealed genes involved uptake symbiosis development, discuss adaptations fundamental evolution lifestyles. Their work integrated genomics with theory, thereby enhancing evolutionary functional significance how hold promise sustainable agriculture forestry by acquisition stress tolerance. The elucidation small RNA-mediated transcriptional regulation Ledford et al. 1534–1544) offers novel into governing symbiosis. regulatory networks secreted effector proteins RNAs orchestrate providing potential targets manipulating efficiency productivity agricultural restoration contexts. Research conducted Giovannetti (2024a) sheds light communication exist during interactions. findings provide new underlying pathogenic signaling pathways, offering perspectives mutualistic coevolutionary struggle microbial (Giovannetti al., 2024b, 1404–1407). One central cycling; mycorrhizas play significant role mineralizing nutrients transporting soil profile (Mahmood 2024, 1545–1560). use isotopic, approaches has continued advance understanding. Resource exchange symbionts crucial cycling (Zhao 1507–1522). Market theories resource recently dominated (Dickie 2015). However, Bogar 1523–1528) suggests market should be re-examined, particularly predicting short-term outcomes. This supported study Corrêa 1561–1575), who did not find support regulating rice plants, suggesting driven surplus resources. Lekberg 1576–1588) found supply higher at high P sites than low sites, contrary expectations under theory. Plett 1589–1602) also nitrogen transfer correlated free amino acids hyphae, may consistent resources driving exchange, while direct C N was supported. Understanding challenge requires examination community characteristics. (2024) argue whole-community inoculum can explain differences observations compared previous, more controlled, single-fungus experiments. Additionally, traits habitat-specific, suggested concentrations endemic cosmopolitan species (McPolin 1603–1613). Plant communities, terms strategies, roles cycling. Bönisch 1614–1629) show having multiple strategies driver diversity effects. Further, Gille 1630–1644) shed interplay nonsymbiotic Nonmycorrhizal species, Cyperaceae, ecosystems, calling deeper role. Zhang 1645–1660) associated mycorrhiza-assisted iron processing discovered there trade-offs growth. provides nutrition tolerance natural Perotto Balestrini 1408–1416) examined associations, led identification conserved underlie structural similarities types, researchers made contributions development unified framework aids trajectories symbioses. fate food web Kakouridis 1661–1675). They utilized nanoSIMS imaging isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) track labeled fractionation aggregates specific groups bacteria were enriched AM fungi-originating C. Along same lines, L. Wang 1529–1533) summarized core microbiome matters operation holobiont. Auer al.'s 1676–1690) elucidated guilds functioning, stabilization, overall resilience, highlighting delicate balance within communities implications functioning stability. Groundbreaking meta-transcriptomic emphasizes less-studied fungi, Mucoromycota specifically Mortierella, demonstrates value using minimal amplification transcriptomes gain saprotrophic Wu 1417–1425) proposed conceptual elucidates four pathways through influence organic matter dynamics. integrates ecology biogeochemical enhance drive sequestration management climate change mitigation significant. D. 1825–1834) validation metabarcoding data quantitative assessments methodological analyzing poorly known biodiversity conservation restoration. Feedback mixed forest stands different an important topic better patterns, management, conservation. subtropical experimental system, Singavarapu 1691–1703) clarified coexistence trees shapes types. Such systems excellent clarifying gradients host specificity which, Voller 1426–1435), might operate via mechanistic filters: partner availability, recognition, competition colonization (space), function. coexisting function, reduced recalcitrance roots leaves (Xia 1476–1485). An appropriate design avoid misinterpretation results removal experiments, tested Monteux 1835–1846) experiment ecto- Northern Sweden. Furthermore, Mujica 1436–1440) call interdisciplinary collaborations continental-scale approach mitigate geographical biases trait databases. Global includes factors ecosystems Hewitt 1704–1716) investigated warming tundra plant–mycorrhizal revealing responses plant–fungal scenarios, high-latitude regions informing mitigating impacts Elevated CO2 levels, another global change, emphasize importance Using nearly 150 yr herbarium collections, Michaud 1717–1724) demonstrated increasing levels contribute declining status all forests, regardless type deposition. Nitrogen deposition Jörgensen 1725–1738) fungi. Although biomass high-N showed causes substantial decline biomass. restructures relationships, shrubs underscore need resolve temperatures background atmospheric rapidly change. biogeography ecology, enhances shaping patterns spatial scales, management. glacier retreat, opening lands succession model primary succession. Carteron 1739–1752) develop 46 retreats around globe, finding fast (in time) It essential understand impact composition drives processes. Invasive Amanita phalloides, frequency, persistence cause concern. Population genetics Golan 1753–1770) invasive just opportunistic but establish large persistent genets belowground. opportunity elucidate adaptive employed colonize habitats outcompete native although processes remain unclear. A McPolin emphasized distribution among rainforests, maintaining function resilience. highlights distinct indigenous diversity, valuable aimed preserving services face changes. life history further insights. Sporulation fungus Rhizophagus irregularis yields spores two morphologies, those matching phenotypes fasciculatus case least isolates, described Kokkoris (2024). Lofgren 1448–1475) Suillus, overview its phylogeny, genomics, mating specificity, preferences invasion, SuilluScope database isolates phenotypic genome information, protocols. massive help anyone working Suillus or other plant–fungus systems. Moreno Jiménez 1441–1447) dual method encompasses capitalizes collaborative efforts beneficial microorganisms innovative solutions improving sustainability security amidst phosphorus consortia hyphae biogeochemistry. sustainability, security, Spores harbor endobacteria. Based field-collected spores, it appears endobacterial inside individual diverse, remarkable number Glomeromycotina (Lastovetsky 1785–1797). Clearly, necessary learn about bacterial endosymbionts hyphae-associating determine (L. 2024). Peng 1798–1813) comparative low-input conventional farming methods illuminates varying functions. doing so, intensive practices inform ensuring long-term system. elucidating influencing urban environments, Metzler 1814–1824) provided green infrastructure planning. Ranging ecosystem-scale dynamics, investigations offer Considering composite gained several surfaced, shedding avenues strategies. First, dialogues represent rich frontier exploration. Unraveling blueprints holds associations significance. Future area delve transcriptomic landscapes partners, genetic basis Second, consequences extend far beyond Integrating theory empirical mediated focus scaling up local ecosystem-level processes, incorporating surveys, landscape-scale analyses, modeling predict services. Third, practical applications immense agriculture, restoration, mitigation. Harnessing tolerance, crop productivity, fertility, explore harnessing contexts, agroecosystems spaces, fostering collaboration scientists, practitioners, policymakers translate actionable solutions. conclusion, collective derived recent holistic dedication exploring disciplines. addressing knowledge gaps, embracing technologies, cross-disciplinary dialogue, unlock frontiers paving way resilient changing world. FMM's Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE (ANR-11-LABX-0002-01)) Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. IAD's BioProtection Aotearoa. MÖ Estonian Council grant no. 1789 (project FUNFARM). We would like thank Dr Holly Slater her assembling Issue. Editorial Office Note: apologize readers included journal. due oversight.

Language: Английский

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Effects of deer-exclusion fences on soil microbial communities through understory environmental changes in a cool temperate deciduous forest in Southern Japan

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 564, P. 121993 - 121993

Published: May 30, 2024

The increasing deer population has significantly altered the forest ecosystems. Deer browsing affects not only plant species diversity and composition but also other organisms indirectly, along with soil properties. However, effects of grazing on microbial community underlying mechanisms have been well understood. To assess these effects, we compared understory environment inside outside fences at Mt. Shiraga, where severe environmental degradation occurred due to sika grazing. We selected 20 Fagus trees inhabiting areas within similar topological features. Eleven variables both prokaryotic fungal communities were between samples fences. area fence had higher dwarf bamboo density carbon (C) nitrogen (N) content, whereas soils pH bulk density. index community, in terms number amplicon sequence variants, was than that outside, did differ Both differed changed C/N ratio, relative abundance oligotrophic bacteria increased decreasing ratio. density, abundances symbiotrophic fungi ectomycorrhizae pH. Comparative analyses might provide information changes properties after

Language: Английский

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Minimal impact of nitrogen addition on bacterial and fungal communities during fungal necromass decomposition in a subalpine coniferous plantation

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 109499 - 109499

Published: June 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Mycorrhizal symbiosis and the nitrogen nutrition of forest trees

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108(1)

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of nitrogen enrichment on the functions of extracellular enzymes in ectomycorrhizal community and nutrient status of pine seedlings

Applied Soil Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 202, P. 105576 - 105576

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Endophytic Bacterial Community, Core Taxa, and Functional Variations Within the Fruiting Bodies of Laccaria

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 2296 - 2296

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Macrofungi do not exist in isolation but establish symbiotic relationships with microorganisms, particularly bacteria, within their fruiting bodies. Herein, we examined the bodies' bacteriome of seven species genus

Language: Английский

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How Does Forest Fertilization Influence Tree Productivity of Different Boreal Forests? An Analysis of Data from Commercial Forestry Across Sweden

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Download This Paper Open PDF in Browser Add to My Library Share: Permalink Using these links will ensure access this page indefinitely Copy URL DOI

Language: Английский

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菌根真菌介导下植物对丹霞地貌山顶胁迫环境的适应机制

Scientia Sinica Vitae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(9), P. 1719 - 1728

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

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Impact of stockpiling on soil fungal communities and their functions

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Fungal communities are important components of soil biology and play crucial roles in multiple ecosystem functions services; therefore, they can be used as effective indicators function stockpiled reclamation soils. We profiled the fungal seven stockpiles different ages (0.5, 1.5, 2, 5, 7, 11, 28 years old) at various depths (0–300 cm) two oil sand extraction locations northern Alberta. differed from nearby undisturbed reference The differences with soils were more pronounced for oldest some younger Similar to previous studies, there was a decrease richness overall diversity increasing stockpile depth. Furthermore, stockpiling generated shift functional composition based on inferred guilds trophic modes. Ectomycorrhizal fungi decreased saprotrophic increased relative Such may have implications services associated communities, such litter decomposition plant growth promotion, when these reclaim ecosystems. Our results align research identifying negative effects microbial shed light that affected by this disturbance their consequences functioning, reflect high sensitivity disturbances like stockpiling.

Language: Английский

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