Subtle changes in topsoil microbial communities of drained forested peatlands after prolonged drought DOI Creative Commons
Oona Hillgén, Marjo Palviainen, Ari Laurén

et al.

Environmental Microbiology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6)

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

A major consequence of anthropogenic climate change is the intensification and extension drought periods. Prolonged can alter conditions in drained peatlands cause disturbances microbial communities topsoil layer peat. Varying environmental throughout growing season, such as availability organic matter nutrients, temperature water table, further impact these consequently affect carbon nutrient cycles. The new forestry practices largely unknown peatland forests. We examined how over a season different harvesting intensities (continuous cover forestry, clear-cut uncut) site using bacterial 16S fungal ITS2 rRNA analysis. found seasonal differences diversity species richness, subtle changes at phylum genus levels when comparing various factors. Diversity, richness relative abundance differed spring compared to summer autumn. However, significant community structure were not detected. Understanding responses like other factors provides insights into consequences on forested peatlands.

Language: Английский

Understanding bark beetle outbreaks: exploring the impact of changing temperature regimes, droughts, forest structure, and prospects for future forest pest management DOI Creative Commons
Vivek Vikram Singh, Aisha Naseer, Kanakachari Mogilicherla

et al.

Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 257 - 290

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract Climate change has increased the susceptibility of forest ecosystems, resulting in escalated decline globally. As one largest biomasses Northern Hemisphere, Eurasian boreal forests are subjected to frequent drought, windthrow, and high-temperature disturbances. Over last century, bark beetle outbreaks have emerged as a major biotic threat these forests, extensive tree mortality. Despite implementing various management strategies mitigate populations reduce mortality, none been effective. Moreover, altered disturbance regimes due changing climate facilitated success attacks with shorter multivoltine life cycles, consequently inciting more beetle-caused This review explores population dynamics context change, stand dynamics, strategies. Additionally, it examines recent advancements like remote sensing canine detection infested trees focuses on cutting-edge molecular approaches including RNAi-nanoparticle complexes, RNAi-symbiotic microbes, sterile insect technique, CRISPR/Cas9-based methods. These diverse novel potential effectively address challenges associated managing beetles improving health response climate.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Vegetation–climate feedbacks across scales DOI Creative Commons
Diego G. Miralles, Jordi Vilà-Guerau De Arellano, Tim R. McVicar

et al.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Vegetation is often viewed as a consequence of long‐term climate conditions. However, vegetation itself plays fundamental role in shaping Earth's by regulating the energy, water, and biogeochemical cycles across terrestrial landscapes. It exerts influence consuming water resources through transpiration interception, lowering atmospheric CO 2 concentration, altering surface roughness, controlling net radiation its partitioning into sensible latent heat fluxes. This propagates atmosphere, from microclimate scales to entire boundary layer, subsequently impacting large‐scale circulation global transport moisture. Understanding feedbacks between atmosphere multiple crucial for predicting land use cover changes, accurately representing these processes models. review discusses biophysical mechanisms which modulates spatial temporal scales. Particularly, we evaluate on patterns, precipitation, temperature, considering both trends extreme events, such droughts heatwaves. Our goal highlight state science recent studies that may help advance our collective understanding they play climate.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The effects of solar radiation on daily and seasonal stem increment of canopy trees in European temperate old‐growth forests DOI
Jakub Kašpar, Martin Krůček, Kamil Král

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 243(2), P. 662 - 673

Published: May 20, 2024

It is well established that solar irradiance greatly influences tree metabolism and growth through photosynthesis, but its effects acting individual climate metrics have not yet been quantified. Understanding these crucial for assessing the impacts of change on forest ecosystems. To describe growth, we installed 110 automatic dendrometers in two old-growth mountain reserves Central Europe, performed detailed terrestrial aerial laser scanning to obtain precise profiles, used simulate sum received by each a daily basis. Generalized linear mixed-effect models were applied probability intensity over seven growing seasons. Our results demonstrated various contrasting canopy trees. On one hand, highest rates corresponded with potentials (i.e. longest photoperiod). Intense significantly decreased an increase vapor pressure deficit. These consistent all species had different magnitude. Tree most effective long rainy/cloudy days low irradiance.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Quantifying Forest Cover Loss as a Response to Drought and Dieback of Norway Spruce and Evaluating Sensitivity of Various Vegetation Indices Using Remote Sensing DOI Open Access
Boban Miletić, Bratislav Matović, Saša Orlović

et al.

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 662 - 662

Published: April 5, 2024

The Norway spruce is one of the most important tree species in Europe. This has been put under considerable pressure due to ongoing impacts climate change. Meanwhile, frequent droughts and pest outbreaks are reported as main reason for its dieback, resulting severe forest cover loss. Such was case with forests within Kopaonik National Park (NP) Serbia. study aims quantify, spatially temporally, loss evaluate sensitivity various vegetation indices (VIs) detecting drought-induced response predicting dieback long-lasting drought effects NP. For this purpose, we downloaded processed a large number Landsat 7 (ETM+), 8 (OLI), Sentinel 2 (MSI) satellite imagery acquired from 2009 2022. Our results revealed that mainly driven by 2011 2012, which later significantly influenced bark beetle outbreaks. Furthermore, VIs proved be very useful monitoring health status. In summary, detected using provides valuable insights into dynamics change, implications conservation efforts

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Climatic and stress memory in trees - and how to study it DOI
Melissa H. Magerøy, Paal Krokene, Marcos Viejo

et al.

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 399 - 418

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Water consumption of beech, spruce and Douglas fir in pure and mixed stands in a wet and a dry year – Testing predictions of the iso/anisohydry concept DOI Creative Commons
Sharath Shyamappa Paligi, Roman M. Link, Christina Hackmann

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 970, P. 178948 - 178948

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hotter drought increases population levels and accelerates phenology of the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus DOI Creative Commons
Mária Potterf, Tobias Frühbrodt, Dominik Thom

et al.

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 585, P. 122615 - 122615

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A Distinct Autofluorescence Distribution Pattern Marks Enzymatic Deconstruction of Plant Cell Wall DOI Creative Commons
Solmaz Hossein Khani,

Khadidja Ould Amer,

Noah Remy

et al.

New Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The effects of site type and shoot age on gas exchange and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency in pure and mixed Picea abies forests DOI
Bikash Kharel, Arvo Tullus, Gristin Rohula‐Okunev

et al.

Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 1 - 15

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Norway spruce ( Picea abies) is considered vulnerable to climate change in several parts of its range and growing mixed stands recommended as a mitigation solution. However, understanding spruce's physiological responses site conditions depending on stand composition still incomplete. We examined net photosynthesis (P n ), stomatal conductance, needle macronutrients content, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) different-aged shoots response proportions the stands. The measurements were conducted five typical types Estonia Carex-Filipendula, Filipendula, Oxalis drained swamp, Oxalis, Hepatica) ranging from waterlogged moderately dry soils. Hepatica type had lowest P , PNUE, while distinction between wet temporarily sites was unclear. Needle concentration higher current-year shoots, whereas than pure 1-year-old suggesting acclimation light availability early season. PNUE greater Our findings highlight importance shaping traits, adaptive environmental variations, advantage for enhancing resilience change.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Physiological and biochemical changes of Picea abies (L.) during acute drought stress and their correlation with susceptibility to Ips typographus (L.) and I. duplicatus (Sahlberg) DOI Creative Commons
Sara Basile, Barbora Stříbrská, Alina Kalyniukova

et al.

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Introduction In recent years, Norway spruce ( Picea abies L.) forests in Central Europe have faced escalating threats from bark beetles, primarily Ips typographus (L.), and other species, such as I. duplicatus (Sahlberg). Outbreaks are partially attributed to weakened tree defense resulting drought periods induced by climate change. This study examines spruce’s physiological metabolic reactions acute stress during the growing season evaluates its susceptibility . Methodology order induce stress, mature spruces had their roots covered with a roof April 2021, depriving them of water. Control trees were left free access natural rainwater. Over 5 months season, soil water potential, temperature, trunk circumference, sap flow monitored. Roofed controls sampled July, August, September analyzed for non-structural carbohydrates two classes defensive compounds, phenolics terpenes. Furthermore, different bioassays tubes boxes performed using adult beetles assess host choice acceptance. Results exhibited signs early decreased consequent increase carbohydrate content. Defensive metabolites remained largely unaffected except an diterpenes September. bioassays, preferred boring into roofed August boxes. increased acceptance correlated levels soluble phloem. showed higher mobility on but not even though surface temperatures elevated roof-covered all three bioassay periods. Conclusion The revealed rapid responses although many changes observed traits. Despite absence beetle attacks, more accepted than naturally watered trees. response may indicate beetles’ preference phloem nutritional quality conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

3