Mountains are not like poles for symbiotic and saprotrophic soil fungi DOI Creative Commons
Peter G. Kennedy, Matthew E. Smith

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

…the findings highlight the need to move beyond simplistic models that assume uniform responses across taxonomic or functional groups. This study employs a standardized, continent-wide sampling protocol sites spanning from Spain and Greece, in south, Iceland Norway, north, ensuring robust cross-site comparability. By applying various statistical models, including joint species distribution researchers capture both guild-level diversity patterns species-specific elevational latitudinal gradients, with specific effort toward disentangling impacts of climate relative other ecological variables. rigorous approach, combined thorough bioinformatic analyses, meets all important benchmarks for assessing fungal community structure at large spatial scales. All three guilds displayed significant trend operational unit (OTU) richness, but none were elevation latitude (Fig. 1). suggests these two gradients are not direct analogs, despite sharing similar climatic vegetational trends. SAP richness significantly decreased increasing elevation, while REND increased latitude. contrast, ECM nonlinear response, showing positive unimodal relationship elevation. Importantly, guilds, there was no interaction between effects on OTU richness. finding contrasts idea 'mountain passes higher tropics' (Janzen, 1967); is, high elevations low latitudes present more physiological barriers organisms than latitudes. result does not, however, mean an predictor as multiple climate-related variables identified explanatory random forest models. Instead, this indicates additional also strongly impact guild distributions. The range provides strong evidence distributions product 'null' processes. One well-cited explanation pattern bounded domain is mid-domain effect (Colwell et al., 2000), which posits because hard constraints each end (i.e. cannot have any its outside domain), species' ranges will overlap center thereby increase While did find authors convincingly argue absence either based simple geometric space-filling norm. Interestingly, fungi, soil pH emerged elevation-independent driver It well known some evolutionary lineages fungi (e.g. Pezizales) respond favorably (peak observed c. 6), hints importance considering how diverse histories different might differentially their (Petersen, 1985). extent modifying be used management tool optimize maintain interesting possibility uncovered by findings. current working why has globally – temperate forests unique combination host phylogenetic stem density tropical boreal (Kennedy 2012; Tedersoo 2014) partially controlled design. Here, tree held effectively constant latitude, trees per site. However, whether hosts, increases (Nguyen 2016), understory shrubs (Tedersoo 2024), mid-elevations presented. Support nonhost-related factors driving been previously demonstrated Truong al. (2019), who examined communities single (Nothofagus pumilio) Patagonia. Although they found study, showed fungal-associated enzyme activity change That difference attributed shift composition taxa produce proteolytic enzymes elevations. Barbi address shifts Europe, results (2019) suggest documenting changes alone sufficient assess C N cycling environmental gradients. As scientific studies, generate many questions answer. For example, do correspond facultatively saprotrophic lifestyle? given wide substrates targeted, cryptic within litter vs wood saprotrophs latitude? higher-level gradients? notable particular could help inform larger pattern? share dependence plants carbon, morphologically physiologically diverse, evolved > 65 times geological timescale & Smith, 2013), geographical origins, zones (Looney 2016). such, it future studies fully integrate shapes functions distinct lineages. Perhaps most intriguingly, authors' suggested correct. They speculate interval longer history human disturbance low-elevation may erode declines rural–urban (Tatsumi 2023). Testing hypothesis require perhaps surveying intensities intervals logging (Kebli 2012). Regardless questions, step forward demonstrating follow along standardized processing approach strengthens confidence results, global continues reshape ecosystems, like invaluable predicting ecosystem support shifts. gratefully acknowledge financial US National Science Foundation (DEB 2019518 2106069). New Phytologist remains neutral regard jurisdictional claims maps institutional affiliations.

Language: Английский

Mountains are not like poles for symbiotic and saprotrophic soil fungi DOI Creative Commons
Peter G. Kennedy, Matthew E. Smith

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

…the findings highlight the need to move beyond simplistic models that assume uniform responses across taxonomic or functional groups. This study employs a standardized, continent-wide sampling protocol sites spanning from Spain and Greece, in south, Iceland Norway, north, ensuring robust cross-site comparability. By applying various statistical models, including joint species distribution researchers capture both guild-level diversity patterns species-specific elevational latitudinal gradients, with specific effort toward disentangling impacts of climate relative other ecological variables. rigorous approach, combined thorough bioinformatic analyses, meets all important benchmarks for assessing fungal community structure at large spatial scales. All three guilds displayed significant trend operational unit (OTU) richness, but none were elevation latitude (Fig. 1). suggests these two gradients are not direct analogs, despite sharing similar climatic vegetational trends. SAP richness significantly decreased increasing elevation, while REND increased latitude. contrast, ECM nonlinear response, showing positive unimodal relationship elevation. Importantly, guilds, there was no interaction between effects on OTU richness. finding contrasts idea 'mountain passes higher tropics' (Janzen, 1967); is, high elevations low latitudes present more physiological barriers organisms than latitudes. result does not, however, mean an predictor as multiple climate-related variables identified explanatory random forest models. Instead, this indicates additional also strongly impact guild distributions. The range provides strong evidence distributions product 'null' processes. One well-cited explanation pattern bounded domain is mid-domain effect (Colwell et al., 2000), which posits because hard constraints each end (i.e. cannot have any its outside domain), species' ranges will overlap center thereby increase While did find authors convincingly argue absence either based simple geometric space-filling norm. Interestingly, fungi, soil pH emerged elevation-independent driver It well known some evolutionary lineages fungi (e.g. Pezizales) respond favorably (peak observed c. 6), hints importance considering how diverse histories different might differentially their (Petersen, 1985). extent modifying be used management tool optimize maintain interesting possibility uncovered by findings. current working why has globally – temperate forests unique combination host phylogenetic stem density tropical boreal (Kennedy 2012; Tedersoo 2014) partially controlled design. Here, tree held effectively constant latitude, trees per site. However, whether hosts, increases (Nguyen 2016), understory shrubs (Tedersoo 2024), mid-elevations presented. Support nonhost-related factors driving been previously demonstrated Truong al. (2019), who examined communities single (Nothofagus pumilio) Patagonia. Although they found study, showed fungal-associated enzyme activity change That difference attributed shift composition taxa produce proteolytic enzymes elevations. Barbi address shifts Europe, results (2019) suggest documenting changes alone sufficient assess C N cycling environmental gradients. As scientific studies, generate many questions answer. For example, do correspond facultatively saprotrophic lifestyle? given wide substrates targeted, cryptic within litter vs wood saprotrophs latitude? higher-level gradients? notable particular could help inform larger pattern? share dependence plants carbon, morphologically physiologically diverse, evolved > 65 times geological timescale & Smith, 2013), geographical origins, zones (Looney 2016). such, it future studies fully integrate shapes functions distinct lineages. Perhaps most intriguingly, authors' suggested correct. They speculate interval longer history human disturbance low-elevation may erode declines rural–urban (Tatsumi 2023). Testing hypothesis require perhaps surveying intensities intervals logging (Kebli 2012). Regardless questions, step forward demonstrating follow along standardized processing approach strengthens confidence results, global continues reshape ecosystems, like invaluable predicting ecosystem support shifts. gratefully acknowledge financial US National Science Foundation (DEB 2019518 2106069). New Phytologist remains neutral regard jurisdictional claims maps institutional affiliations.

Language: Английский

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