High variation in handling times confers 35‐year stability to predator feeding rates despite community change DOI Creative Commons
Márk Novák

Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 104(3)

Published: Dec. 10, 2022

Abstract Historical resurveys of ecological communities are important for placing the structure modern ecosystems in context. Rarely, however, snapshot surveys alone sufficient providing direct insight into rates processes underlying community functioning, either now or past. In this study, I used a statistically reasoned observational approach to estimate feeding New Zealand intertidal predator, Haustrum haustorium , using diet performed at several sites by Robert Paine 1968–1969 and me 2004. Comparisons between time periods reveal remarkable consistency predator's prey‐specific rates, which contrasts with changes observed prey abundances, body‐size distribution, prey's proportional contributions apparent diet. Although these additional per‐capita attack seem show adaptive its preferences, they do not. Rather, feeding‐rate stability is an inherently statistical consequence high among‐prey variation handling times determine length that events will remain detectable observers performing surveys. Though understudied, similarly (or digestion) evident many predator species throughout animal kingdom. The resultant disconnect actual suggests much temporal, biogeographic, seemingly context‐dependent often perceived structure, diets, food‐web topology may be less functional than assumed. Qualitative pattern need not represent qualitative process.

Language: Английский

Simple, Universal Rules Predict Trophic Interaction Strengths DOI Creative Commons
Kyle E. Coblentz, Márk Novák, John P. DeLong

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(5)

Published: April 30, 2025

ABSTRACT Many drivers of ecological systems exhibit regular scaling relationships, yet the mechanisms explaining these relationships are often unknown. Trophic interaction strengths no exception, exhibiting with predator and prey traits that lack evolutionary explanations. We propose two rules to explain trophic through relationship between a predator's feeding rate its prey's density—the so‐called functional response. First, responses allow predators meet their energetic demands when rare. Second, approach maxima near highest densities experience. show equations derived from predict response parameters across over 2100 experiments make additional predictions such as allometric scaling. The thereby offer potential ultimate explanation for determinants strengths, revealing ecologically realised constraints complex, adaptive nature evolution.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Stochasticity directs adaptive evolution toward nonequilibrium evolutionary attractors DOI Creative Commons
John P. DeLong, Clayton E. Cressler

Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 104(1)

Published: Sept. 18, 2022

Abstract Stochastic processes such as genetic drift may hinder adaptation, but the effect of stochasticity on evolution via its ecological dynamics is poorly understood. Here we evaluate patterns adaptation in a population subject to variation demographic stochasticity. We show that can alter and lead evolutionary outcomes are not predicted by classic eco‐evolutionary modeling approaches. also show, however, these governed nonequilibrium attractors—these maxima lifetime reproductive success when keeps system away from deterministic equilibrium. These NEEAs path visible through equilibrium lens underlies much theory. Our results reveal considering during transient periods greatly improve our understanding pace evolution.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Food web structure mediate positive and negative effects of diversity on ecosystem functioning in a large floodplain river DOI Creative Commons
Dalmiro Borzone Mas, Pablo A. Scarabotti,

Patricio Alvarenga

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Research programs on Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning (BEF) and Food Web Structure (FWS) have contributed to understanding the impact of biodiversity functioning architecture ecosystems, but interconnectedness between these components was seldom attended until recently. Several theoretical hypotheses predict an interconnection BEF FWS were poorly independently evaluated. We estimated 63 sink food webs predatory fish in Parana River, covering a large gradient community richness. evaluated available their interrelationship through path analyses. A well-supported causal structure identified, supporting that species richness directly increased standing biomass, modularity, intermodular connection, whereas decreased interaction strength, connectance, nestedness. direct positive effect modularity connectance biomass indicates can determine BEF. Richness promotes increase also decrease due decay with similar negative effects biomass. In this sense, relationship diversity ecosystem cannot be blind FWS. Environmental homogenization reduction functional may undermine conditions for modular webs, switching ones potential cascading whole ecosystem.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Top-down effects of intraspeciflic predator behavioral variation DOI
James L. L. Lichtenstein, Brendan L. McEwen,

Skylar D. Primavera

et al.

Oecologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 205(1), P. 203 - 214

Published: May 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Recent advances in stochastic simulation algorithms create opportunities to study new ecological and eco‐evolutionary problems DOI Open Access

M. Kümmel,

David A. Vasseur

Oikos, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Incorporating stochasticity into ecological modeling is vital for understanding the structure and function of systems, but has been challenging to consistently introduce foundational theory. The Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm (herein SSA) provides a key method represent demographic stochasticity, due its assumptions inadequate problems involving intra‐population variation extrinsically/environmentally‐driven rapid changes in rates. Two recent extensions SSA address these limitations: one augments with individual‐linked trait distributions that let us track across individuals populations other introduces methodological innovation allow rates change between events; four case studies we demonstrate utility advances highlight simultaneously integrating both single framework allows tackle new class evolutionary questions have typically not explored continuous time modeling.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Ecological boundaries and constraints on viable eco‐evolutionary pathways DOI Creative Commons
Kyle E. Coblentz, John P. DeLong

Oikos, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(8)

Published: May 16, 2023

Evolutionary dynamics are subject to constraints ranging from limitations on what is physically possible the pathways that evolution can take. One set of evolutionary constraints, known as ‘demographic constraints', constrain occur evolutionarily due demographic or dynamical consequences leading conditions make populations susceptible extinction. These limit strength selection rates environmental change experience while remaining extant and trait values a population express. Here we further hypothesize dynamic also eco‐evolutionary traverse by defining ecological boundaries represented areas likely We illustrate this process using model predator evolution. Our results show persist over time tend be those whose have avoided representing extinction stochastic deviations deterministic expectation. term subset persisting viable pathways. The potential existence constraining has important implications for predicting dynamics, interpreting past evolution, understanding role stochasticity dynamics.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Simple, universal rules predict trophic interaction strengths DOI Creative Commons
Kyle E. Coblentz, Márk Novák, John P. DeLong

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 29, 2024

Many critical drivers of ecological systems exhibit regular scaling relationships 1–3 , yet, often, the underlying mechanisms explaining these are unknown. Trophic interactions strengths, which underpin ecosystem stability and dynamics 4–7 no exception, exhibiting statistical with predator prey traits that lack a causal evolutionary explanation 8–11 . Here we propose two universal rules explain trophic interaction strengths through functional responses – relationship between feeding rates densities. First, must allow predators to meet their energetic demands when rare. Second, should approach maxima near highest densities experience. We show parameterized mathematical equations derived from predict response parameters across over 2,100 experiments. They also provide additional predictions including consistent patterns rate saturation among predators, slow-fast continuum in parameters, allometric those parameters. The thereby offer an ultimate for determinants scaling, revealing importance ecologically realized constraints complex, adaptive nature evolution.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
High variation in handling times confers 35-year stability to predator feeding rates despite altered prey abundances and apparent diet proportions DOI Creative Commons
Márk Novák

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2022

Abstract Historical resurveys of ecological communities are important for placing the structure modern ecosystems in context. Rarely, however, snapshot surveys alone sufficient providing direct insight into rates processes that underlie how function, either now or past. In this study, I used a statistically-reasoned observational approach to estimate feeding New Zealand intertidal predator, Haustrum haustorium , using diet performed at several sites by Robert Paine 1968–9 and me 2004. Comparisons between time periods reveal remarkable consistency H. ’s prey-specific rates, which contrasts with changes observed prey abundances, body size distribution, proportional contributions its apparent diet. Although these results imply accompanying perhaps adaptive preferences, they nonetheless anticipated high range variation handling times dictate not only maximum possible but also probabilities events may be detected during surveys. Similarly detection (i.e. digestion times) is evident predator species throughout animal kingdom. The potential disconnect predator’s actual suggests much temporal biogeographic perceived diets food-web structures less functional consequence than currently assumed.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Ecological boundaries and constraints on viable eco-evolutionary pathways DOI Creative Commons
Kyle E. Coblentz, John P. DeLong

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Abstract Evolutionary dynamics are subject to constraints ranging from limitations on what is physically possible the pathways that evolution can take. One set of evolutionary constraints, known as ‘demographic constraints’, constrain occur evolutionarily due population demographic or dynamical consequences leading conditions make populations susceptible extinction. These limit strength selection rates environmental change experience while remaining extant and trait values a express. Here we further hypothesize also eco-evolutionary traverse by defining ecological boundaries represented areas likely We illustrate this process using model predator evolution. Our results show persist over time tend be those whose have avoided representing extinction stochastic deviations deterministic expectation. term subset persisting viable pathways. The potential existence constraining has important implications for predicting dynamics, interpreting past evolution, understanding role stochasticity dynamics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
High variation in handling times confers 35‐year stability to predator feeding rates despite community change DOI Creative Commons
Márk Novák

Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 104(3)

Published: Dec. 10, 2022

Abstract Historical resurveys of ecological communities are important for placing the structure modern ecosystems in context. Rarely, however, snapshot surveys alone sufficient providing direct insight into rates processes underlying community functioning, either now or past. In this study, I used a statistically reasoned observational approach to estimate feeding New Zealand intertidal predator, Haustrum haustorium , using diet performed at several sites by Robert Paine 1968–1969 and me 2004. Comparisons between time periods reveal remarkable consistency predator's prey‐specific rates, which contrasts with changes observed prey abundances, body‐size distribution, prey's proportional contributions apparent diet. Although these additional per‐capita attack seem show adaptive its preferences, they do not. Rather, feeding‐rate stability is an inherently statistical consequence high among‐prey variation handling times determine length that events will remain detectable observers performing surveys. Though understudied, similarly (or digestion) evident many predator species throughout animal kingdom. The resultant disconnect actual suggests much temporal, biogeographic, seemingly context‐dependent often perceived structure, diets, food‐web topology may be less functional than assumed. Qualitative pattern need not represent qualitative process.

Language: Английский

Citations

0