Drought Stress Tolerance in Vegetables: The Functional Role of Structural Features, Key Gene Pathways, and Exogenous Hormones

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(18), P. 13876 - 13876

Published: Sept. 9, 2023

The deleterious effects of drought stress have led to a significant decline in vegetable production, ultimately affecting food security. After sensing signals, vegetables prompt multifaceted response measures, eventually leading changes internal cell structure and external morphology. Among them, it is important highlight that the changes, including physiological metabolism, signal transduction, key genes, hormone regulation, significantly influence tolerance vegetables. This article elaborates on tolerance, focusing structural adaptations, signaling transduction pathways, osmotic adjustments, antioxidants. At same time, mechanisms exogenous hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic (JA), salicylic (SA), ethylene (ET) toward improving adaptive were also reviewed. These insights can enhance understanding supporting enhancement by cultivation technology improvements under changing climatic conditions, which provides theoretical support technical reference for innovative breeding

Language: Английский

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A glutathione S-transferase regulates lignin biosynthesis and enhances salt tolerance in tomato

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Salt stress adversely affects the growth and yield of crops. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in plant responses to biotic abiotic stresses. In this study, 400 mM NaCl significantly induced expression S-transferase U43 (SlGSTU43) roots wild-type tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants. Overexpressing SlGSTU43 enhanced ability scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) leaves under stress, while knock-out mutants showed opposite performance. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that overexpressing affected genes related lignin biosynthesis. We demonstrated can regulate content through its interaction with SlCOMT2, a key enzyme biosynthesis, promote plants stress. addition, SlMYB71 SlWRKY8 interact each other, directly bind promoter transcriptionally activate separately or combination. When were silenced individually collectively, sensitive their GST activities contents decreased. Our research indicates enhance salt tolerance by regulating which is regulated interacting as well SlWRKY8. This finding broadens our understanding functions.

Language: Английский

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Functional identification of CCR1 gene in apple (Malus halliana) demonstrates that it enhances saline-alkali stress tolerance

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 28, 2024

Abstract Background Lignin is a complex aromatic polymer that plays an important biological role in maintaining plant structure and defending plants against biotic abiotic stresses. Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) key enzyme involved the lignin synthesis-specific pathway regulates biosynthesis accumulation. Methods Based on transcriptome data, MhCCR1 , which was significantly induced by saline-alkali stress, cloned from Malus halliana . The physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships cis -acting elements were analyzed. We obtained transgenic materials heterologous transformation of into Arabidopsis thaliana tobacco, as well homologous apple callus, characterized their stress resistance series physiological biochemical experiments. And yeast two-hybridization technique applied to screen validate interacting proteins. Results found overexpression enhanced tolerance A. tobacco calli under caused variety changes. As compared wild type, showed better growth, higher lignin, chlorophyll proline contents, lower conductivity MDA content, significant increase antioxidant activities (SOD, POD, CAT) lines condition. In addition, expression stress-related genes overexpressed also than WT, including genes, Na + transporter H -ATPase while K displayed opposite Meanwhile, levels related synthesis, AtPAL1 AtCOMT AtC4H At4CL1 AtCCOAOMT up-regulated. At last, Y2H experiment confirmed interaction between MhMYB4 MhMYB1R1 MhHXK MhbZIP23 Conclusions These results suggest may play positive regulatory regulating osmoregulatory substances, activities, thus providing excellent for stress-responsive network apples, theoretical basis cultivation saline alkali-resistant varieties. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Overexpression of a Grape WRKY Transcription Factor VhWRKY44 Improves the Resistance to Cold and Salt of Arabidopsis thaliana

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 7437 - 7437

Published: July 6, 2024

Plants are often exposed to biotic or abiotic stress, which can seriously impede their growth and development. In recent years, researchers have focused especially on the study of plant responses stress. As one most widely planted grapevine rootstocks, 'Beta' has been extensively proven be highly resistant However, further research is needed understand mechanisms stress in rootstocks. this study, we isolated cloned a novel WRKY transcription factor,

Language: Английский

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The StbHLH47 transcription factor negatively regulates drought tolerance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Drought stress is a major environmental constraint affecting crop yields. Plants in agricultural and natural environments have developed various mechanisms to cope with drought stress. Identifying genes associated tolerance potato elucidating their regulatory crucial for the breeding of new germplasms. The bHLH transcription factors involved play roles not only plant development growth but also responsesresponse abiotic In this study, StbHLH47 gene, which highly expressed leaves, was cloned isolated. Subcellular localization assays revealed that gene performs transcriptional functions nucleus, as evidenced by increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content relative conductivity under These findings indicate overexpressing plants are more sensitive Differential expression analysis wild-type (WT) (OE-StbHLH47) significantly differentially were enriched metabolic pathways, biosynthesis secondary metabolites, hormone signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway-plant, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant‒pathogen interactions. Among these phenylalanine abscisic acid (ABA) transduction pathways greater number genes, trends (DEGs) different between WT OE-StbHLH47. Therefore, it speculated may regulate resistance mainly through two pathways. Additionally, RT‒qPCR used fluorescence quantification StNCED1 StERD11, known resistance, results levels much lower OE-StbHLH47 than plants. RNA-seq, RT‒qPCR, physiological index analyses conditions overexpression sensitivity stress, indicating negatively regulates summary, our negative regulator provide theoretical basis further studies on molecular mechanism involved.

Language: Английский

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CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletions of FvMYB46 in Fragaria vesca reveal its role in regulation of fruit set and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract The phenylpropanoid pathway, regulated by transcription factors of the MYB family, produces secondary metabolites that play important roles in fertilization and early phase fruit development. MYB46 factor is a key regulator cell wall structure, lignin flavonoid biosynthesis many plants, but little known about its activity flowers berries F. vesca . For functional analysis FvMYB46, we designed CRISPR-Cas9 construct with an endogenous -specific U6 promoter for efficient specific expression two gRNAs targeting first exon FvMYB46 This generated mutants in-frame 81-bp deletion conserved domain or out-of-frame 82-bp potentially knocking out gene function. In both types mutant pollen germination set were significantly reduced compared to wild type. Transcriptomic revealed positively regulates genes involved processes like xylan metabolism, homeostasis reactive oxygen species (ROS) including biosynthesis. Genes regulating carbohydrate metabolism signalling also deregulated, suggesting might regulate crosstalk between -mutant flowers, flavanol flavan-3-ol contents, especially epicatechin, quercetin-glucoside kaempferol-3-coumaroylhexoside, reduced, observed local reduction content anthers. Together, these results suggest controls fertility biosynthesis, sugar ROS development

Language: Английский

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Chelation and nanoparticle delivery of monomeric dopamine to increase plant salt stress resistance

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 5, 2025

Soil salinization hinders sustainable development of global agriculture. Dopamine (DA) delivery is promising for mitigating the detrimental effects salt on plants. However, self-polymerization limits and effectiveness. Here we chelated DA with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid zinc to reduce self-polymerization. To soil adsorption, a sodium lignosulfonate octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride nanocarrier made plant. Compared monomer, adsorption rate in 46.02% lower. Salt stress experiments reveal, compared NaCl groups, group exhibits significant increases growth indicators tomato The beneficial effect attributed proline content, antioxidant capacity, K+/Na+ ratios Similar results are also observed woody pear seedlings. These findings provide insights into alleviating crop stress.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Transcriptomics in the Response to Stress in Plants

Global Medical Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 07(02), P. 030 - 034

Published: Aug. 1, 2020

Abstract Adverse stress influences the normal growth and development of plants. With molecular biology technology, understanding mechanism plants in response to adverse has gradually become an important topic for academic exploration. The expression transcriptome is dynamic, which reflects level all genes a particular cell, tissue, or organ individual organism at stage development. Transcriptomics can disclose whole genome under from transcriptional level, be useful complex regulatory network associated with adaptability tolerance stress. In this article, we review application transcriptomics biotic stresses such as diseases insect infestation abiotic water, temperature, salt, heavy metals provide guideline related research.

Language: Английский

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The Apple microR171i-SCARECROW-LIKE PROTEINS26.1 Module Enhances Drought Stress Tolerance by Integrating Ascorbic Acid Metabolism

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 184(1), P. 194 - 211

Published: July 17, 2020

Drought stress severely restricts crop yield and quality. Small noncoding RNAs play critical roles in plant growth, development, responses by regulating target gene expression, but their drought tolerance apple (Malus domestica) are poorly understood. Here, we identified various small targets from the wild species Malus sieversii via high-throughput sequencing degradome analysis. Forty known microRNAs (miRNAs) eight new were differentially expressed response to 2 or 4 h of treatment. We experimentally verified expression patterns five selected miRNAs targets. established that one miRNA, mdm-miR171i, specifically targeted degraded SCARECROW-LIKE PROTEINS26.1 (MsSCL26.1) transcripts. Both knockout mdm-miR171i overexpression MsSCL26.1 improved cultivated line 'GL-3' antioxidant enzyme genes, especially MONODEHYDROASCORBATE REDUCTASE, which functions metabolism under stress. Transient analysis demonstrated activates MsMDHAR transcription positively activity P1 region its promoter. Therefore, miR171i-SCL26.1 module enhances ascorbic acid metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Nanoselenium transformation and inhibition of cadmium accumulation by regulating the lignin biosynthetic pathway and plant hormone signal transduction in pepper plants

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2021

Selenium (Se) can promote the growth and resistance of agricultural crops as fertilizers, while role nano-selenium (nano-Se) against Cd remains unclear in pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.). Biofortification with nano-Se observably restored stress by decreasing level plant tissues boosting accumulation biomass. The Se compounds transformed were primarily form SeMet MeSeCys tissues. Differential metabolites genes signal transduction lignin biosynthesis measured employing transcriptomics determining target metabolites. number lignin-related (PAL, CAD, 4CL, COMT) contents (sinapyl alcohol, phenylalanine, p-coumaryl caffeyl coniferaldehyde) remarkably enhanced treatment Cd1Se0.2, thus, maintaining integrity cell walls roots. It also hormones responsive inducing (BZR1, LOX3, NCDE1) (brassinolide, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid) roots leaves. In general, this study enable a better understanding protective mechanism improving capacity to resist environmental stress.

Language: Английский

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