bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 26, 2023
Abstract
The
endosperm
in
cereal
grains
is
instrumental
determining
grain
yield
and
seed
quality,
as
it
controls
the
production
of
starch
protein.
In
this
study,
we
identified
a
specific
TaNF-Y
trimeric
complex,
consisting
TaNF-YA3-D,
TaNF-YB7-B,
TaNF-YC6-B,
exhibiting
robust
expression
within
during
filling
stage
wheat.
Knock-down
either
TaNF-YA3
or
TaNF-YC6
led
to
less
but
more
gluten
proteins.
Detailed
analyses
have
unveiled
that
indirectly
boosts
biosynthesis
genes
by
reducing
TaNAC019,
repressor
TaAGPS1a,
TaSuS2
,
thereby
regulating
biosynthesis.
Conversely,
directly
inhibits
gliadin
low
molecular
weight
(LMW)-GS
coding
genes,
including
TaGli-γ-700
TaLMW-400
.
Furthermore,
components
interact
with
TaSWN,
histone
methyltransferase
subunit
Polycomb
repressive
complex
2
(PRC2),
repress
TaNAC019
through
H3K27me3
modification.
Notably,
weak
mutation
TaFIE
core
PRC2,
has
reduced
elevated
LMW-GS
levels.
Intriguingly,
DNA
variations
are
widely
associated
developmental
traits.
particular,
variation
region
TaNF-YB7-B
linked
differences
protein
content.
Distinct
haplotypes
affect
its
interaction
influencing
repression
targets
like
Our
findings
illuminate
intricate
mechanisms
governing
epigenetic
regulation
TaNF-Y-PRC2
for
wheat
development.
Manipulating
holds
potential
optimizing
enhancing
quality.
BMC Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: April 26, 2024
Ubiquitination
is
an
important
regulatory
step
of
selective
protein
degradation
in
the
plant
UPS
(ubiquitin-proteasome
system),
which
involved
various
biological
processes
eukaryotes.
Ubiquitin-conjugating
enzymes
play
intermediate
role
process
ubiquitination
reactions
and
thus
essential
regulating
growth
response
to
adverse
environmental
conditions.
However,
a
genome-wide
analysis
UBC
gene
family
wheat
(Triticum
aestivum
L.)
has
not
yet
been
performed.
LWT,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
204, P. 116439 - 116439
Published: July 1, 2024
Wheat
granular
flour
(GF)
is
highly
nutritious
due
to
low
machining
precision
but
the
large
particle
size
leads
poor
processability.
By
reducing
from
224
μm
62
without
sifting
in
present
study,
chemical
compositions,
dough
rheology,
and
fresh
noodle
qualities
were
tracked,
underlying
mechanism
was
preliminarily
explored
through
changes
corresponding
dough's
gluten
quality,
water–solid
interaction,
microstructures.
Results
indicated
that
only
moisture
significantly
decreased
damaged
starch
signally
increased
with
reduction
size.
Compared
refined
flour,
all
GF
samples
had
higher
ash,
dietary
fiber,
beneficial
lipids,
intact
endosperm
cells.
Noticeably,
91
68
developed
quality
quantity,
stronger
water-solids
interplay,
optimal
networks;
therefore,
resultant
doughs
displayed
a
super
balance
between
viscosity
elasticity.
Accordingly,
noodles
possessed
excellent
consumer
acceptability
water
absorption,
lower
cooking
loss,
smoothness
chewiness
after
optimum
cooking.
These
observations
provide
theoretical
basis
for
wheat
processing
development
of
healthier
wheat-based
using
as
raw
material.
Plant Biotechnology Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 18, 2025
Summary
FLOWERING
LOCUS
T
(
FT
),
a
multifunctional
regulator
in
crops,
modulates
multiple
key
agronomic
traits
such
as
flowering
time
or
heading
date
and
plant
height;
however,
its
role
grain
development
regulation
is
unclear.
Herein,
through
genome‐wide
association
studies
(GWAS),
we
identified
TaFT‐D1
,
which
encodes
phosphatidylethanolamine‐binding
protein
(PEBP),
candidate
gene
for
weight
wheat.
A
one‐bp
insertion/deletion
(InDel)
(G/‐)
the
third
exon
of
resulting
different
lengths,
was
significantly
associated
with
weight.
knockout
via
CRISPR‐Cas9
system
reduced
size
weight,
increased
by
promoting
cell
proliferation
starch
synthesis.
Transcriptome
analysis
revealed
significant
decrease
expression
cycle‐
synthesis‐related
genes,
including
TaNAC019‐3A
TaSWEET15‐like‐7B
TaCYCD4;1
TaCYCD3;2
taft‐d1
line.
interacted
bZIP
transcription
factor
TaFDL2,
tafdl2
mutant
presented
relatively
small
grains,
suggesting
that
TaFDL2
positive
size.
Moreover,
bound
to
promoters
downstream
activating
their
expression,
whereas
this
activation
TaFDL2.
Interaction
assays
demonstrated
TaFT‐D1,
Ta14‐3‐3A
formed
regulatory
complex.
Furthermore,
TaFT‐D1(G)
allele
correlated
greater
thousand‐grain
earlier
heading.
This
favourable
has
undergone
strong
selection
during
wheat
breeding
China.
Our
findings
provide
novel
insights
into
how
regulates
highlight
potential
application
yield
improvement
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 4, 2025
Quercus
robur
is
a
tree
species
that
produces
acorns
with
rich
nutritional
value.
Its
leaf
rolling
crucial
for
adapting
to
stress,
but
this
trait's
impact
on
plant-insect
interactions
remains
unknown.
We
compared
the
resistance
phenotypes,
metabolomic
profiles,
and
transcriptomic
data
of
curly
(Qr-T)
normal-leaf
(Qr-S)
varieties
Q.
robur.
Findings
revealed
Qr-T
exhibited
higher
area
consumption
under
herbivory.
Metabolomic
analysis
found
lower
levels
key
defensive
compounds
like
Questiomycin
A,
Caffeine,
Indoleacrylic
acid
in
Qr-T.
Transcriptomics
up-regulation
DEGs
related
development
(e.g.,
MYO17,
LEC2)
down-regulation
defense-related
(like
IOS1,
Y3471)
GO
KEGG
analyses
indicated
defense
responses
isoflavonoid
biosynthesis
pathway
were
suppressed
Coexpression
network
identified
coordinated
genes,
such
as
CYP81Q32
CYP94A5,
their
coexpressed
transcription
factors
(such
WRKY6,
WRKY53)
The
above
findings
suggest
curling
may
weaken
its
insect
resistance,
which
provides
clues
improving
plant
agroforestry.
Metabolites,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(10), P. 1076 - 1076
Published: Oct. 13, 2023
Early
in
the
history
of
cytokinins,
it
was
clear
that
Zea
mays
seeds
contained
not
just
trans-zeatin,
but
its
nucleosides
and
nucleotides.
Subsequently,
both
pods
legumes
cereal
grains
have
been
shown
to
contain
a
complex
cytokinin
forms.
Relative
very
high
quantities
detected
developing
seeds,
only
limited
amount
appears
translocated
from
parent
plant.
Translocation
experiments,
detection
levels
endogenous
maternal
seed
coat
tissues
legumes,
indicates
does
readily
cross
maternal/filial
boundary,
indicating
filial
are
autonomous
for
biosynthesis.
Within
seed,
trans-zeatin
plays
key
role
sink
establishment
may
also
contribute
strength.
The
roles,
if
any,
other
biologically
active
forms
(cis-zeatin,
dihydrozeatin
isopentenyladenine)
remain
be
elucidated.
recent
identification
genes
coding
enzyme
leads
biosynthesis
rice
(OsCYP735A3
4),
gene
an
(CPN1)
converts
riboside
apoplast,
further
cements
played
by
plants.
Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 9, 2024
Abstract
The
grain-filling
stage
is
highly
sensitive
to
heat,
impacting
wheat
yield
and
quality.
This
study
uncovered
Chuanmai104's
grain
spatial
transcriptome
atlas
under
heat
stress,
identifying
over
120
specifically
expressed
genes
crucial
for
cell
sorting
subsequent
sequencing
across
twelve
types.
differentiation
trajectory
of
endosperm
indicated
high
expression
development
programmed
death
at
early
stages,
the
enable
grains
accumulate
nutrients.
At
15
DAP,
recovery
stress
showed
significant
gene
changes,
especially
in
nucellar
projection,
near
scutellum,
embryo.
Heat
reduced
starch
ABA
synthesis
expression,
shortening
time,
reducing
weight
by
28.9%,
raising
germination
rates
from
7.9%
52.0%.
Spatial
transcriptomics
revealed
unexpected
shifts
major
domains
189
due
featuring
three
shifts:
AL-SCU,
ENC-PR,
EXC-NP.
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 23, 2024
ABSTRACT
Starch
biosynthesis
is
a
critical
factor
in
wheat
(
Triticum
aestivum
L.)
quality
and
yield.
However,
the
full
scope
of
its
regulation
not
fully
understood.
Here
we
report
that
TaDL
interacts
with
TaB3
TaNF‐YB1
to
synergistically
regulate
starch
wheat.
Genome‐edited
tadl
mutant
lines
had
smaller
lighter
grains
lower
total
amylose
contents
compared
wild
type
(WT).
Correspondingly,
transcript
levels
biosynthesis‐related
genes,
including
TaSUS1
,
TaSUS2
TaAGPL2
TaSBEIIa
TaGBSSII
TaSWEET2a
were
markedly
at
15
d
after
flowering
(DAF)
mutants.
physically
interacted
activated
transcription
through
direct
binding
their
promoter
regions.
A
null
also
affected
grain
filling,
phenotypes
similar
those
mutants,
whereas
overexpression
promoted
filling.
Our
study
demonstrated
plays
an
essential
role
identified
elite
allele
TaDL‐BI
)
associated
content,
providing
insights
into
underlying
molecular
mechanism
which
may
be
useful
breeding
high‐yielding
improvement.
GM crops & food,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 105 - 117
Published: March 11, 2024
Maize
(Zea
mays
L.)
is
the
most
important
cereal
crop
in
world.
Flowering
period
and
photoperiod
play
roles
reproductive
development
of
maize.
This
study,
investigated
ZmMADS42,
a
gene
that
highly
expressed
shoot
apical
meristem.
Agrobacterium
infection
was
used
to
successfully
obtain
overexpressed
ZmMADS42
plants.
Fluorescence
quantitative
PCR
revealed
expression
meristem
transgenic
plants
2.8
times
higher
than
wild-type(WT).
In
addition,
endosperm
2.4
wild-type.
The
seed
width
T2
generation
increased
by
5.35%,
whereas
length
decreased
7.78%
compared
with
Dissection
tips
wild-type
from
7-leaf
stage
9-leaf
entered
differentiation
earlier
exhibited
more
tassel
meristems
during
their
vegetative
growth
period.
mature
were
approximately
20
cm
shorter
height
had
lower
panicle
position
Comparing
flowering
period,
tasseling,
powdering,
silking
stages
occurred
10
days
those
results
showed
played
significant
role
regulating
plant