Amino acid substrate specificities and tissue expression profiles of the nine CYP79A encoding genes in Sorghum bicolor

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 177(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Cytochrome P450s of the CYP79 family catalyze two N‐hydroxylation reactions, converting a selected number amino acids into corresponding oximes. The sorghum genome ( Sorghum bicolor ) harbours nine CYP79A encoding genes, and here sequence comparisons CYP79As along with their substrate recognition sites (SRSs) are provided. specificity previously uncharacterized was investigated by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana subsequent transformation oximes formed stable oxime glucosides catalyzed endogenous UDPG‐glucosyltransferases (UGTs). CYP79A61 uses phenylalanine as substrate, whereas CYP79A91, CYP79A93, CYP79A95 use valine isoleucine substrates, CYP79A93 showing ability also to phenylalanine. CYP79A94 substrate. Analysis 249 transcriptomes from different cultivars showed levels tissue‐specific s. CYP79A1 is committed gene dhurrin formation highest expressed most tissues/organs. primarily fully developed leaf blades sheaths. CYP79A91 CYP79A92 were mainly roots >200 cm below ground, while highly collar sheath, respectively. possible signalling effects metabolites produced tissues discussed.

Language: Английский

Harnessing the Power of an Extensive EMS‐Induced Sorghum Population for Rapid Crop Improvement

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(4)

Published: July 1, 2024

Plant breeders leverage mutagenesis using chemical, biological, and physical mutagens to create novel trait variations. Many widely used sorghum genotypes have a narrow genetic base, which hinders improvements classical breeding. Enhancing the diversity of genome thus remains key priority for breeders. To accelerate enhancement sorghum, an extensive library comprised seeds from 150,000 individual mutant plants Sorghum bicolor inbred line BTx623 was established ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) as mutagen. The bulked into 1498 pools (~100 seed heads per pool). In each pool, DNA extracted subset screened FIND-IT technology based on droplet digital PCR. All 43 nucleotide substitutions that were identified, demonstrating potential identify any EMS-derived mutation in elite within days. This diverse represents largest collection mutants ever conceived, estimated cover 240% all possible EMS-induced points genome. Using FIND-IT, speed at specific desired can be identified is major upgrade conventional reverse techniques. Additionally, ease valuable variants integrated commercial lines far simpler less expensive process compared editing. Genomic variations will direct utility breeding resource applications, allowing enhanced adaptation climate change yield marginal environments.

Language: Английский

Sequence diversity in the monooxygenases involved in oxime production in plant defense and signaling: a conservative revision in the nomenclature of the highly complex CYP79 family

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120(3), P. 1236 - 1256

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

SUMMARY Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases of the CYP79 family catalyze conversion specific amino acids into oximes feeding a variety metabolic plant pathways. Here we present an extensive phylogenetic tree built on carefully curated sequences collected across entire kingdom. Based monophyletic origin P450s, set evolutionarily distinct branches was identified. Founded functionally characterized sequences, sequence features individual substrate recognition sites (SRSs) were analyzed. Co‐evolving acid residues identified using co‐evolutionary analysis. SRS4 possesses pattern when tyrosine is substrate. Except for CYP79Cs and CYP79Fs, preferences toward could not be assigned to subfamilies. The highly diversified tree, reflecting recurrent independent evolution CYP79s, may relate different roles in species. differences subfamilies facilitate vivo orchestration channeled pathways based altered surface charge domains protein. Alternatively, they serve optimize dynamic interactions with oxime metabolizing enzymes enable optimal ecological interactions. outlined detailed curation used building made it appropriate make conservative tree‐based revision naming within this complex cytochrome family. same approach other phylogeny will further exploration function these enzymes.

Language: Английский