Trends and patterns in the extinction risk of Australia’s birds over three decades DOI Creative Commons
Alex J. Berryman, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Micha V. Jackson

et al.

Emu - Austral Ornithology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(1), P. 55 - 67

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Australia recently committed through the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) to halt human-induced extinction of known threatened species and reduce risk significantly by 2030. We review recent trends in Australian birds provide context for current future conservation efforts. calculate Red List Index (RLI) all as well subsets based on geography, habitat taxonomy. Over period 2010 2020, number taxa reassigned lower categories (n = 20; 1.5% included) was greatly outweighed moved higher owing deteriorating status 93; 7%). This resulted steepest decadal decline RLI since data were first compiled 1990. It chiefly driven rapid population declines migratory shorebirds, loss suitable affected wildfire 2019–2020 and, a lesser extent, abundance upland rainforest birds. To small these losses counterbalanced improvements some bird resulting from local eradication invasive mammals, primarily Macquarie Island. For meet commitments adopted GBF, interventions (and hence funding) will need be scaled up substantially. The is placed monitoring progress towards GBF targets communicating national avifaunas.

Language: Английский

Post-fire recovery of soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen, soil nutrients, and soil erodibility in rotational shifting cultivation in Northern Thailand DOI Creative Commons
Noppol Arunrat,

Sukanya Sereenonchai,

Praeploy Kongsurakan

et al.

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 27, 2023

The hill tribes in Thailand traditionally depend on rotational shifting cultivation (RSC). However, insufficient understanding remains post-fire soil properties and erodibility ( k -values) with fallow years. To address this gap, the levels of organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (STN), nutrients, after fire RSC were investigated. Topsoil (0–10 cm) samples from sites 4 (RSC-4Y), 5 (RSC-5Y), 7 (RSC-7Y) years Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand, taken at four time points: before burning, min 9 months 2 burning. Soil pH, electrical conductivity, nutrient (available P, K, Ca) increased burning remained higher than pre-burning for least SOC stock decreased all fields. At RSC-4Y was whereas RSC-5Y RSC-7Y, had not reached pre-fire levels. STN stocks studied fields significantly After topsoil most susceptible to erosion. only RSC-4Y, -value unchanged Three different approaches are recommended land management: 1) farmers should cut remove weeds grasses surface, 2) be performed around late winter or early summer (November–February) inhibit complete combustion, 3) contour-felled log erosion barriers made by using trunks remaining trap sediment slow down surface runoff.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Future exposure of forest ecosystems to multi‐year drought in the United States DOI Creative Commons
Jennifer Costanza, Frank Koch,

Matthew C. Reeves

et al.

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(5)

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract As the future climate becomes hotter or drier, forests may be exposed to more frequent severe droughts. To inform efforts ensure resilient forests, it is critical know which most drought and where. Longer duration droughts lasting 2–3 years are especially important quantify because likely experience impacts. We summarized exposure 36‐month for across conterminous United States using Standardized Precipitation‐Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) overlaid on forest inventory plot locations. Exposure was quantified under 10 scenarios that combined five modeled climates two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs, 4.5 8.5) through 2070. Future projections indicate a tripling of monthly spatial extent extreme drought—38% were average by mid‐century as opposed 11% during 1991–2020 (2041–2070). Increases in greatest (HadGEM2‐ES), drier (IPSL‐CM5A‐MR), middle (NorESM1‐M) models, either RCP. Projections agreed portions western States, southwestern could face high levels exposure. Forest types including pinyon/juniper, woodland hardwoods, ponderosa pine projected than 50% time all mid‐century, when no type 25% any scenario recent period. less eastern but some scenarios, particularly RCP 8.5, large East nearly often parts West. Moreover, substantial portion oak/hickory occur regions, where agree increased This study provides novel insights about changing conditions both States. Our results can with information sensitivities adaptive capacities ecosystems prioritize adaptation efforts.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Unraveling the impact of wildfires on permafrost ecosystems: Vulnerability, implications, and management strategies DOI
Ansa Rebi, Guan Wang, Muhammad Irfan

et al.

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 358, P. 120917 - 120917

Published: April 24, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Fire and smoke detection from videos: A literature review under a novel taxonomy DOI Creative Commons
Diego Gragnaniello, Antonio Greco, Carlo Sansone

et al.

Expert Systems with Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 255, P. 124783 - 124783

Published: July 14, 2024

The recent development of deep learning based fire detection techniques and the availability smart cameras able to execute these algorithms on edge paved way for sophisticated efficient video-based firefighting systems. However, limited available data train cast shadows their robustness generalization capability. In this survey, we review 153 papers published in literature 17 publicly datasets with aim identifying application scenarios that better describe real-world challenges. proposed taxonomy, are characterized by two features: i) size framed scene depends several parameters, foremost distance from but also camera optic; ii) background activity, due presence moving objects may mislead detector. On basis, analyzed existing methods under a common scheme according new taxonomy matched solutions needs specific scenarios. Similarly, 9 interesting video acquired cameras, labeled 536 videos shared annotations community. is two-fold: one hand, classify scientific works real scenarios, determining features promising operative conditions; other provide detailed analysis annotation promote more reliable validation protocols collection missing

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Trends and patterns in the extinction risk of Australia’s birds over three decades DOI Creative Commons
Alex J. Berryman, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Micha V. Jackson

et al.

Emu - Austral Ornithology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(1), P. 55 - 67

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Australia recently committed through the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) to halt human-induced extinction of known threatened species and reduce risk significantly by 2030. We review recent trends in Australian birds provide context for current future conservation efforts. calculate Red List Index (RLI) all as well subsets based on geography, habitat taxonomy. Over period 2010 2020, number taxa reassigned lower categories (n = 20; 1.5% included) was greatly outweighed moved higher owing deteriorating status 93; 7%). This resulted steepest decadal decline RLI since data were first compiled 1990. It chiefly driven rapid population declines migratory shorebirds, loss suitable affected wildfire 2019–2020 and, a lesser extent, abundance upland rainforest birds. To small these losses counterbalanced improvements some bird resulting from local eradication invasive mammals, primarily Macquarie Island. For meet commitments adopted GBF, interventions (and hence funding) will need be scaled up substantially. The is placed monitoring progress towards GBF targets communicating national avifaunas.

Language: Английский

Citations

7