Sorghum as a Model Crop for Drought Stress Tolerance DOI Creative Commons

Mulatu Gidi

Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 8, 2023

Sorghum is one of the most significant C4 cereal crops grown in dry and semi-arid regions world. It a major staple crop for millions people Sub-Saharan Africa South Asia. Drought an important constraint on agricultural production productivity around has impact plant growth, development, yields. stress risks food security by having substantial sorghum growth grain yields, nutritional quality. become known as drought-tolerant model when compared with many other crops. Its ability to withstand extreme environmental conditions makes it feasible studying abiotic responses developing stress-tolerant response and/or tolerance mechanisms include morphological, physiological, molecular changes. drought escape, early flowering, stay-green, avoidance, leaf area, osmotic adjustment, stomata-mediated responses, cuticular wax production, root characteristics, tolerance. Biotechnology its advanced approaches, such QTL, marker-assisted backcrossing, genetic engineering, others, are used screening genotypes that can stress. Therefore, focusing will boost speed breeding program, which feed worldwide, particularly Africa.

Language: Английский

Responses of root system architecture to water stress at multiple levels: A meta-analysis of trials under controlled conditions DOI Creative Commons
Xinyue Kou,

Weihua Han,

Jian Kang

et al.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Plants are exposed to increasingly severe drought events and roots play vital roles in maintaining plant survival, growth, reproduction. A large body of literature has investigated the adaptive responses root traits various plants water stress these studies have been reviewed certain groups species at a scale. Nevertheless, not synthesized multiple levels. This paper screened over 2000 literatures for typical including growth angle, depth, length, diameter, dry weight, root-to-shoot ratio, hair length density integrates their genetic morphological scales. The genes, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) hormones that involved regulation response were summarized. We then statistically analyzed discussed underlying mechanisms. Moreover, we highlighted 1-D 2-D (RLD) distribution soil profile. will provide framework an integrated understanding deficit scales such insights may basis selection breeding tolerant crop lines.

Language: Английский

Citations

96
Breeding toward improved ecological plant–microbiome interactions DOI
Luca Nerva, Marco Sandrini, Loredana Moffa

et al.

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. 1134 - 1143

Published: July 6, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

92
Unlocking dynamic root phenotypes for simultaneous enhancement of water and phosphorus uptake DOI Creative Commons
Maryam Nasr Esfahani, Uwe Sonnewald

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 207, P. 108386 - 108386

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Phosphorus (P) and water are crucial for plant growth, but their availability is challenged by climate change, leading to reduced crop production global food security. In many agricultural soils, productivity confronted both P limitations. The diminished soil moisture decreases available due diffusion, inadequate diminishes tissue status through modifications in stomatal conductance a decrease root hydraulic conductance. display contrasting distributions the soil, with being concentrated topsoil subsoil. Plants adapt water- P-limited environments efficiently exploring localized resource hotspots of adaptation system. Thus, developing cultivars improved architecture accessing utilizing from arid P-deficient soils. To meet this goal, breeding towards multiple advantageous traits can lead better environments. This review discusses interplay highlights specific that enhance exploration exploitation optimal resource-rich strata while reducing metabolic costs. We propose ideotype models, including 'topsoil foraging', ʻsubsoil 'topsoil/subsoil foraging' maize (monocot) common bean (dicot). These models integrate beneficial guide development P-efficient challenging

Language: Английский

Citations

13
The hidden side of interaction: microbes and roots get together to improve plant resilience DOI Creative Commons
Raffaella Balestrini, Fabiano Sillo, Raphaël Boussageon

et al.

Journal of Plant Interactions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: March 11, 2024

Plants have evolved various belowground traits to adapt the changing environments, and root-associated soil microbes play a crucial role in response, adaptation, resilience adverse environmental conditions. This comprehensive review explores diverse interactions between plants microbes, focusing on of microbiota, with particular emphasis arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plant responses How genotype, root traits, growth environments influence these interactions, consequently productivity, are discussed. Recent advances phenotyping, including traditional machine learning-based methods also presented as an innovative tool study characterize root-microbe interactions. Overall, studies highlight importance considering hidden side roots improve nutrition protection context sustainable agriculture face climate change.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Impact of Two Phosphorus Fertilizer Formulations on Wheat Physiology, Rhizosphere, and Rhizoplane Microbiota DOI Open Access

Kaoutar Bourak,

Abdoul Razack Sare,

Abdelmounaaïm Allaoui

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(12), P. 9879 - 9879

Published: June 8, 2023

Phosphorus (P) is the second most important macronutrient for crop growth and a limiting factor in food production. Choosing right P fertilizer formulation production systems because not mobile soils, placing phosphate fertilizers major management decision. In addition, root microorganisms play an role helping phosphorus fertilization by regulating soil properties fertility through different pathways. Our study evaluated impact of two phosphorous formulations (polyphosphates orthophosphates) on physiological traits wheat related to yield (photosynthetic parameters, biomass, morphology) its associated microbiota. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using agricultural deficient (1.49%). Phenotyping technologies were used at tillering, stem elongation, heading, flowering, grain-filling stages. The evaluation revealed highly significant differences between treated untreated plants but fertilizers. High-throughput sequencing applied analyse rhizosphere rhizoplane microbiota tillering alpha- beta-diversity analyses bacterial fungal fertilized non-fertilized wheat, rhizosphere, rhizoplane, provides new information composition during stages (Z39 Z69) under polyphosphate orthophosphate fertilization. Hence, deeper understanding this interaction could provide better insights into managing microbial communities promote beneficial plant-microbiome interactions uptake.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Plant Physiological Analysis to Overcome Limitations to Plant Phenotyping DOI Creative Commons
Matthew Haworth, Giovanni Marino, Giulia Atzori

et al.

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(23), P. 4015 - 4015

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Plant physiological status is the interaction between plant genome and prevailing growth conditions. Accurate characterization of physiology is, therefore, fundamental to effective phenotyping studies; particularly those focused on identifying traits associated with improved yield, lower input requirements, climate resilience. Here, we outline approaches used assess how these techniques direct empirical observations processes such as photosynthetic CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, photosystem II electron transport, or effectiveness protective energy dissipation mechanisms are unsuited high-throughput applications. Novel optical sensors, remote/proximal sensing (multi- hyperspectral reflectance, infrared thermography, sun-induced fluorescence), LiDAR, automated analyses below-ground development offer possibility infer growth. However, there limitations ‘indirect’ gauging physiology. These methodologies that appropriate for rapid high temporal screening a number crop varieties over wide spatial scale do still require ‘calibration’ ‘validation’ measurement status. The use deep-learning artificial intelligence may enable synthesis large multivariate datasets more accurately quantify characters rapidly in numbers replicate plants. Advances data collection subsequent processing represent an opportunity efforts fully integrate into vital ensure food agro-economic sustainability.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
A closer look at root water potential: experimental evidence based on drought stress of Chrysopogon zizanioides DOI Creative Commons
Suriya Prakash Ganesan, David Boldrin, Anthony Kwan Leung

et al.

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 499(1-2), P. 569 - 585

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Abstract Aims Gradients in water potential of soil and plant system drives the movement soil-plant-atmospheric continuum. Here, we demonstrate how root measured directly from roots upon changes would contribute to understanding drought response Chrysopogon zizanoides . Methods Plants L. were sampled at different status (inducing drought) growth periods (3-, 4- 5- months). The leaves plants dissected measure specific leaf area, respectively. was a WP4C dew-point potentiometer. Root diameter corresponding for also measured. Results Our findings showed logarithmic increase gradient between under induced stress, similar existing hydraulic conductance. Specific area significantly decreased with potential, indicating continuity leaves. A new power law correlation established trait-based uptake. Conclusion aggregation such measurements using potentiometer offer strategies explore implications below-ground behaviour applications as slope stability irrigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Ideotype‐Based Approach for Improving Root Traits in Crop Plants for Climate Resilience: How Far Have We Zeroed In on the Best Fit? DOI
Sadiah Shafi,

Insha Shafi,

Aaqif Zaffar

et al.

Annual Plant Reviews online, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 225 - 258

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Abstract The unprecedented challenges to crop production driven by climate change drivers warrant the development of resilient varieties sustain yield. In present and future, climate, drought, salinity temperature stress will be major yield‐limiting factors. Roots are primary responders flooding assume a key position in developing plant resilience. Root architecture has emerged as promising focal point breeding efforts aimed at resource‐efficient crops. However, selection frequently prioritises shoot performance exclusively because evaluating root traits is more intricate process. Improving pivotal factor increasing efficiency water nutrient capture, reducing yield gaps providing necessary foundation for ‘Evergreen Revolution’, which essential aligning with needs growing human population. building an ideotype system (RSA) been precluded obvious difficulties reliable phenotyping greater growth plasticity abiotic response root, some cases, can maladaptive due metabolic costs. Nevertheless, large body experimental data generated build optimum diverse stressful environments. this article, we provide overview typical RSA ideotypes under various stresses that have suggested previous research indicate functional evidence on role phenes could help breeders their include pipelines tolerance, improve resilience Such approach deliver quicker improvements compared solely based yield, particularly environments, using precisely tailored increase long‐term sustainability mitigate impacts stresses. Also, probabilities future strategies other discussed. Prioritising these ideotype‐related programs significantly boost enhance agriculture.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Identification of phenotypic and transcriptomic signatures underpinning maize crown root systems DOI Creative Commons
Jodi B. Callwood, Craig L. Cowling,

Ella G. Townsend

et al.

Plant Phenomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100008 - 100008

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Size Matters: Influence of Available Soil Volume on the Root Architecture and Plant Response at Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Levels in Barley DOI Creative Commons
Fabiano Sillo, Sebastian R. G. A. Blaser, Carla Díaz‐Tielas

et al.

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Pot size is a critical factor in plant growth experiments, influencing root architecture, nutrient uptake, and overall development as well sensing of stress. In controlled environments, variation pot can impact phenotypic molecular outcomes may bias experimental results. Here, we investigated how affects the system architecture responses two barley genotypes, landrace BERE modern elite CONCERTO, through assessment shoot traits by using X‐ray computed tomography complemented transcriptomic metabolomic analyses. The genotypes showed distinctly different adaptations to changes size. greater stability adaptability with consistent enhanced accumulation osmoprotectant metabolites across sizes respect CONCERTO. Conversely, line was more sensitive variations, particularly showing altered responses. Overall, this study highlights importance selecting an appropriate for when focused on traits, considering physiological due environment choice design barley.

Language: Английский

Citations

0