Exploring the relationship between dissociative experiences and recovery in psychosis: cross-sectional study

BJPsych Bulletin, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Aims and method This study explored the association among dissociative experiences, recovery from psychosis a range of factors relevant to analysed whether experiences (compartmentalisation, detachment absorption) could be used predict specific stages recovery. A cross-sectional design was used, 75 individuals with were recruited services Gloucestershire Health Care NHS Foundation Trust. Five questionnaires – Dissociative Experiences Scale II (DES), Detachment Compartmentalisation Inventory (DCI), Questionnaire about Process Recovery, Stages Recovery Instrument (STORI), Positive Negative Syndrome proforma collect demographic data. Results Our findings indicated that compartmentalisation, absorption, as measured by DES DCI, do not STORI. Clinical implications The results this suggest there is no simple relationship between psychotic symptoms. They also need assess these symptoms separately in practice indicate special approaches treatment may needed cases where such have significant role.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacological Interventions for Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review of Randomised Control Trials

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 540 - 540

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Background/Objectives: While positive symptoms of schizophrenia are often satisfactorily controlled, negative difficult to treat, persisting despite treatment. Different strategies have been devised deal with this problem. We aimed review drug treatment for in controlled trials marketed drugs. Methods: searched the PubMed database and resulting records’ reference lists identify eligible using schizophrenia[ti] AND “negative symptom*”[ti] as a search strategy. determined eligibility through Delphi rounds among all authors. Results: On 11 February 2025, we identified 1485 records on 3 more from lists. Eligible were 95 records. Most studies double-blind, randomized trials, carried-out add-on patients stabilized antipsychotics. Other antipsychotics most frequent comparators, followed by antidepressants, recently, antioxidants gaining importance trials. Many especially those conducted Western world, found no significant effects compared placebo, while Iranian positive, although not strong effect size. Conclusions: Current research has contributed little progress schizophrenia. The reason might reside absence knowledge mechanisms whereby these generated, which prevents us designing possibly effective strategies, and/or chronicity symptoms, they first be established even when do become fully apparent.

Language: Английский

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Aberrant preparation of hand movement in schizophrenia spectrum disorder: an fMRI study

Brain Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Schizophrenia spectrum disorder is linked to impaired self-other distinction and action feedback monitoring, largely stemming from sensory-motor predictive mechanisms. However, the neural correlates of these processes during movement preparation are unknown. Here, we investigated whether patients with schizophrenia exhibit aberrant reflected in activation patterns prior hand onset. Functional MRI data (n = 20) healthy controls were acquired actively performed or passively induced movements. The task required participants detect temporal delays between their movements video feedback, which either displayed own (self) someone else's (other) moving accordance Patients compared showed reduced preparatory blood-oxygen-level-dependent (active > passive) clusters comprising left putamen, insula, thalamus lobule VIII right cerebellum. Reduced insula putamen was specific own-hand feedback. Additionally, revealed suppression (passive active) bilateral medial parietal (including angular gyrus) occipital areas, postcentral gyrus, cerebellum crus I, as well superior frontal gyrus. Ego-disturbances negatively correlated active conditions gyrus passive when presented. These functional findings suggest that group differences primarily evident processes. Our results show this further symptom severity, supporting idea upcoming events internal mechanisms may underlie severe symptoms disorder. could improve our understanding deficits planning, self-monitoring motor dysfunction various psychiatric, neurological neurodegenerative disorders.

Language: Английский

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Heart Rate Variability as a Potential Predictor of Response to Intranasal Esketamine in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Preliminary Report

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(16), P. 4767 - 4767

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Background: Esketamine has received approval as a nasal spray (ESK-NS) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and evidence from real-world investigations confirmed the effectiveness of ESK-NS, albeit with interindividual differences in response. Heart rate variability (HRV), defined fluctuation time interval between consecutive heartbeats, can be used to measure autonomic dysfunction psychiatric disorders its role been investigated diagnosis prognosis depression. Methods: This preliminary report aims evaluate HRV parameters their association treatment outcome 18 patients (55.6% males, 55.6 ± 9.39 years old) TRD treated target dose ESK-NS one month (mean dose: 80.9 9.05 mg). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) 3 min resting electrocardiogram were assess changes depressive symptoms measurements before after treatment. Results: Responders (n = 8, 44.5%; based on ≥30% BDI scores reduction) displayed lower values than non-responders at baseline (p 0.019), which increased 0.038). Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves obtained logistic regression discriminative potential our sample (AUC 0.844). Conclusions: These observations suggest mutual interaction esketamine HRV, especially relation Further studies are required investigate electrophysiological profiles among predictors response allow personalized intervention strategies that still represent public health concern.

Language: Английский

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Am I in Control? The Effect of Depersonalization on the Sense of Agency

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

The sense of agency, i.e. the subjective feeling voluntarily controlling one’s bodily actions is profoundly altered in Depersonalisation (DP henceforth), a condition that makes people feel detached from self and body. intentional binding (IB henceforth) effect has been proposed as an influential implicit measure agency. IB refers to phenomenon perceived temporal compression between voluntary action its subsequent consequence. To examine link DP agency non-clinical population, online study was conducted, combining task with self-reports measuring explicit Our found no significant differences individuals low high occurrences experiences regards However, trend for participants higher occurences display steeper slope, more time-sensitive observed. Specifically, whilst estimations were significantly different short intervals Baseline High Low groups, this difference not Operant condition, suggesting might “help” scores experience same temporality scoring lower on depersonalization scale.

Language: Английский

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Explicit and implicit sense of agency in depersonalisation experiences

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 4, 2024

Abstract The sense of agency, the feeling controlling one’s bodily actions and world is altered in Depersonalisation (DP), a condition that makes people feel detached from self body. To investigate link between depersonalisation both implicit explicit an online study was conducted using influential Intentional Binding paradigm sample non-clinical DP participants. results did not reveal significant differences individuals with low high occurrences experiences on agency. However, participants showed more time-sensitive agency greater temporal distortions for short intervals absence self-initiated motion. These suggest there discrepancy levels depersonalisation. Altogether, these findings call further investigations key role time perception clinical populations, to disentangle mechanisms associated

Language: Английский

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Arousal, interindividual differences and temporal binding a psychophysiological study

Psychological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 88(5), P. 1653 - 1677

Published: May 28, 2024

Abstract The sense of agency varies as a function arousal in negative emotional contexts. As yet, it is unknown whether the same true for positive affect, and how inter-individual characteristics might predict these effects. Temporal binding, an implicit measure agency, was measured 59 participants before after watching either emotionally neutral film clip or with high low arousal. Analyses included participants’ individual differences subjective affective ratings, physiological (pupillometry, skin conductance, heart rate), striatal dopamine levels via eye blink rates, psychopathy. Linear mixed models showed that sexual decreased temporal binding whereas calm pleasure had no facilitation effect on binding. Striatal were positively linked may be negatively associated towards actions. Psychopathic traits reduced These results provide evidence influence extent to which affected by arousing states valence.

Language: Английский

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Agency in schizophrenia and autism: a systematic review

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Introduction Previous research suggests that altered experiences of agency are an underlying vulnerability in both schizophrenia and autism. Here, we explore as a potential transdiagnostic factor by conducting systematic review existing literature investigating autism individually together. Methods Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, conducted three searches on PsycINFO, Embase, Medline, PubMed Web Science to identify studies investigated (1) schizophrenia, (2) autism, (3) Results A total 31 articles met eligibility criteria inclusion data extraction, with 24 measuring 7 no comparing two. show that, compared control populations, is significantly different every identified study generally not Discussion Importantly, lack using common tasks disproportionate number dimensions across two conditions, resulting limited grounds valid comparison. registration Prospero , CRD42021273373.

Language: Английский

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Altered sense of agency in schizophrenia: the aberrant effect of cardiac interoceptive signals

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Background Schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by abnormalities in self-representation, including a disturbed sense of agency (SoA). The continuous processing sensory information concerning the internal state body (interoception) argued to be fundamental neural representations self. We, therefore, tested if aberrant interoception underpins disturbances SoA SZ, focusing on cardiac interoceptive signaling. Methods Forty-two SZ and 29 non-clinical participants (healthy controls; HC) performed an intentional binding task measure during concurrent heartbeat recording. effect signals was measured difference systole diastole. This standardized based overall control for non-cardiac factors, then compared between HC. Results Our study revealed significant HC groups, with opposite effects SoA. Specifically, disrupted contrasting enhanced Across group, extent which correlated significantly clinical proxy symptom instability, namely number hospital admissions hallucinations delusions. Furthermore, disruption particularly observed patients severe hallucinations. Conclusions disturbance impact implicit index schizophrenia. supports notion that pathophysiological central integration increases vulnerability self-representation associated expression schizophrenic symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Disrupted sense of agency-related ownership and disownership increase in the Rubber Hand Illusion

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Empirical evidence suggests that body ownership and the sense of agency operate as an interactive system correlated with level consciousness during tasks involving modifications in representation. This study sought to elucidate nature this association by documenting verbal manifestations interaction. Specifically, aimed reveal role a individual sensitivity Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI). The was measured through post hoc interview wherein participants could verbally express their rubber hand real disownership experiences following RHI examination. induced 49 healthy, right-handed college volunteers, including 28 males (mean age 28.6) 21 females 26.6). Three main scores - ownership, disownership, proprioceptive drift were defined measure Illusion. Verbal reports related analyzed utilizing automated narrative content analysis toolkit which explored deeper words stories identify situation-driven cognitive processes, specifically focusing on rate other variables. findings indicated greater disruption predicts increased Therefore, individuals lower exhibit malleability representation when illusion is induced.

Language: Английский

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