Plants,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(11), P. 2121 - 2121
Published: May 26, 2023
Nitric
oxide
(NO)
is
a
small,
diatomic,
gaseous,
free
radicle,
lipophilic,
diffusible,
and
highly
reactive
molecule
with
unique
properties
that
make
it
crucial
signaling
important
physiological,
biochemical,
molecular
implications
for
plants
under
normal
stressful
conditions.
NO
regulates
plant
growth
developmental
processes,
such
as
seed
germination,
root
growth,
shoot
development,
flowering.
It
also
in
various
cell
elongation,
differentiation,
proliferation.
the
expression
of
genes
encoding
hormones
molecules
associated
development.
Abiotic
stresses
induce
production
plants,
which
can
regulate
biological
stomatal
closure,
antioxidant
defense,
ion
homeostasis,
induction
stress-responsive
genes.
Moreover,
activate
defense
response
mechanisms,
pathogenesis-related
proteins,
phytohormones,
metabolites
against
biotic
oxidative
stressors.
directly
inhibit
pathogen
by
damaging
their
DNA
proteins.
Overall,
exhibits
diverse
regulatory
roles
responses
through
complex
mechanisms
still
require
further
studies.
Understanding
NO’s
role
biology
essential
developing
strategies
improved
stress
tolerance
agriculture
environmental
management.
Plant Stress,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 100319 - 100319
Published: Dec. 10, 2023
Global
climate
change
affects
weather
patterns,
affecting
soil
salinity
and
drought
tolerance.
Crop
resilience
agriculture
sustainability
can
be
enhanced
by
exploring
salinity,
plant
tolerance,
microbial
diversity,
remediation
techniques.
This
review
examines
the
morpho-physiological,
molecular,
genetic
mechanisms
underlying
adaptation
to
stress.
It
highlights
their
impact
on
growth,
productivity,
diversity.
Diverse
methods
are
investigated
tackle
stress,
encompassing
chemical,
physical,
biological
approaches.
Additionally,
water-efficient
agricultural
practices
drought-resistant
crop
varieties
presented
as
ways
increase
tolerance
these
stresses.
These
implications
for
sustainable
emphasize
potential
of
findings
optimize
resource
utilization,
yield,
promote
environmental
sustainability.
The
concludes
discussing
future
research
directions,
particularly
need
more
study
into
molecular
basis
plant-microbe
interactions
stress
mechanisms.
By
advancing
our
knowledge
in
this
field,
we
develop
innovative
solutions
mitigate
ensuring
food
security
changing
climates.
Plants,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
10(8), P. 1693 - 1693
Published: Aug. 18, 2021
Salinity
stress
is
one
of
the
major
environmental
constraints
responsible
for
a
reduction
in
agricultural
productivity.
This
study
investigated
effect
exogenously
applied
nitric
oxide
(NO)
(50
μM
and
100
μM)
protecting
wheat
plants
from
NaCl-induced
oxidative
damage
by
modulating
protective
mechanisms,
including
osmolyte
accumulation
antioxidant
system.
Exogenously
sourced
NO
proved
effective
ameliorating
deleterious
effects
salinity
on
growth
parameters
studied.
was
beneficial
improving
photosynthetic
efficiency,
stomatal
conductance,
chlorophyll
content
normal
NaCl-treated
plants.
Moreover,
NO-treated
maintained
greater
proline
soluble
sugars,
leading
to
higher
relative
water
maintenance.
Exogenous-sourced
at
both
concentrations
up-regulated
system
averting
NaCl-mediated
membranes.
The
activity
enzymes
increased
protection
membrane
structural
functional
integrity
efficiency.
application
imparted
marked
uptake
key
mineral
elements
such
as
nitrogen
(N),
potassium
(K),
calcium
(Ca)
with
concomitant
ions
Na+.
Greater
K
reduced
Na
lead
considerable
decline
Na/K
ratio.
Enhancing
salt
tolerance
an
obvious
down-regulation
expression
SOS1,
NHX1,
AQP,
OSM-34,
while
D2-protein
up-regulated.
Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
24(4), P. 540 - 558
Published: Dec. 6, 2021
Abstract
As
a
result
of
climate
change,
abiotic
stresses
are
the
most
common
cause
crop
losses
worldwide.
Abiotic
significantly
impair
plants'
physiological,
biochemical,
molecular
and
cellular
mechanisms,
limiting
productivity
under
adverse
conditions.
However,
plants
can
implement
essential
mechanisms
against
stressors
to
maintain
their
growth
persistence
such
stressful
environments.
In
nature,
have
developed
several
adaptations
defence
mitigate
stress.
Moreover,
recent
research
has
revealed
that
signalling
molecules
like
hydrogen
sulfide
(H
2
S)
play
crucial
role
in
mitigating
effects
environmental
by
implementing
physiological
biochemical
mechanisms.
Mainly,
H
S
helps
antioxidant
systems,
interacts
with
other
nitric
oxide
(NO),
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
phytohormones,
etc.
These
well‐known
as
key
players
moderate
stresses.
Currently,
little
progress
been
made
understanding
basis
protective
S;
however,
it
is
imperative
understand
using
state‐of‐the‐art
CRISPR‐Cas
gene‐editing
tool.
Subsequently,
genetic
engineering
could
provide
promising
approach
unravelling
stress
tolerance
mediated
exogenous/endogenous
S.
Here,
we
review
advances
beneficial
roles
conferring
multiple
plants.
Further,
also
discuss
interaction
crosstalk
between
signal
molecules;
well
highlighting
some
engineering‐based
current
future
directions.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(2), P. 1154 - 1154
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
Dramatic
shifts
in
global
climate
have
intensified
abiotic
and
biotic
stress
faced
by
plants.
Plant
microRNAs
(miRNAs)—20–24
nucleotide
non-coding
RNA
molecules—form
a
key
regulatory
system
of
plant
gene
expression;
playing
crucial
roles
growth;
development;
defense
against
stress.
Moreover,
they
participate
cross-kingdom
communication.
This
communication
encompasses
interactions
with
other
plants,
microorganisms,
insect
species,
collectively
exerting
profound
influence
on
the
agronomic
traits
crops.
article
comprehensively
reviews
biosynthesis
miRNAs
explores
their
impact
growth,
development,
resistance
through
endogenous,
non-transboundary
mechanisms.
Furthermore,
this
review
delves
into
effects
pests.
It
proceeds
to
specifically
discuss
design
modification
strategies
for
artificial
(amiRNAs),
as
well
protection
transport
exosome-like
nanovesicles
(ELNVs),
expanding
potential
applications
crop
breeding.
Finally,
current
limitations
associated
harnessing
are
addressed,
utilization
synthetic
biology
is
proposed
facilitate
heterologous
expression
large-scale
production
miRNAs.
novel
approach
suggests
plant-based
solution
address
future
biosafety
concerns
agriculture.
