Editorial: Role of phytohormones and plant‐growth regulators in the regulation of plant immunity DOI Open Access
Ravi Gupta, Péter Poór, Yiming Wang

et al.

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Pathogenic microbes are responsible for enormous crop loss during pre- and post-harvest storage conditions one of the major threats to sustainable production. Therefore, efforts need be taken limit these diseases ensure food security in upcoming two decades, which predicted have a rapid expansion population extreme changes global environmental conditions. The fitness plants pathogen invasion is dependent on successful recognition invading pathogens subsequent activation defense response, may culminate resistance. final outcome response determined by type extent activated immunity, governed genetic potential hosts an interplay various classical phytohormones emerging plant growth regulators (PGRs) (Ngou et al. 2022). Often, crosstalk among different PGRs through biosynthesis signaling nodes required balance under stress (van Butselaar Van den Ackerveken 2020). Among others, role jasmonic acid (JA) salicylic (SA) regulation responses well established (Yuan 2021). In addition, accumulating evidence also suggests key roles PGRs, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (Choudhary 2022), melatonin (Singh Gupta 2023), nitric oxide (NO) (Shah polyamines (Asija plants. Some known regulate NADPH-oxidase (RBOH)-mediated oxidative burst other components PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) effector-triggered (ETI), callose deposition, expression Pathogenesis related (PR)-proteins secondary metabolites 2022; Shah 2023). However, exact underlying mechanism immune not understood. This special issue was dedicated advancements research tailoring responses. Along with original research, this issues published series reviews such as SA (Roychowdhury 2024) like gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) (Gahlowt shaping herbivory 2024a). Moreover, growth-defense trade-off has been presented (Ali 2024). Besides, Singh (2024b) reviewed functional non-enzymatic antioxidant ascorbate defense. authors revealed that interaction between hormones plays Notably, only provided but mode biotic stressors. Both JA their A review Roychowdhury (2024) discussed recent updates SA-mediated biotrophic, hemibiotrophic, necrotrophic how suppresses coordinates pathways pathogens. Based identified NON-EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1 (NPR1) component regulates antagonism orchestrate article Uji reported JA-RESPONSIVE MYB TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (JAMTF1) mediates auxin shape rice against bacterial Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (Xoo). JAMTF1-overexpressing lines displayed improved resistance Xoo showed JA-hypersensitive phenotype along significantly reduced number lateral roots. As roots regulated auxin, JAMTF1-mediated speculated. enhanced genes associated lignin antibacterial compounds auxin-signaling. These results further confirmed JAMTF1 mediating determining growth-defence (Uji Similar abscisic (ABA) majorly linked growth, information its regulatory documented. Du intricate ABA Accumulating induces closure stomata attack, phenomenon now widely recognized "stomatal immunity". hijack stomata, thereby facilitating entry inside tissues. demonstrated crosstalks SA, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Calcium closing attack (Du melatonin, neurotransmitter animals, emerged modulator (Gupta Kong (2023) exogenous application 400 μM maize triggering signaling, genes, Fusarium head blight-causing fungus graminearum. Additionally, treatment F. graminearum vitro pathogenicity decreasing spore germination reducing deoxynivalenol biosynthesis, mycotoxins (Kong addition GABA, important regulator development, Gahlowt GABA-induced acclimation mainly mediated ROS metabolism activating system, both at gene enzyme activity levels. Brassinosteroids (BRs) considered growth; however, established. work Zhang investigated beneficial BRs broomrape (Orobanche cumana) infection sunflower (Helianthus annuus). found were able increase biomass net photosynthetic rate O. cumana and, parallel, influence level stress. BR cumana-induced lipid peroxidation levels, superoxide dismutase peroxidase being enzymes management process. induced accumulation specific phenolics lignin, helped minimize infestation (Zhang turning out determinants plant-pathogen interactions. They improve manner. microbes, Khan effects fungus, Trichoderma, inducing modulating JA, ethylene (ET) pathways. Trichoderma triggered systemic acquired (SAR), stress-related phytohormones. molecular Trichoderma-induced suggested it could solution (Khan fungi, microalgae, used biofertilizers, play biofertilizers secrete induce promoting disease phytohormones, cytokinins Sandor utilized cytokinin-secreting microalgae investigate tobacco Pseudomonas syringae tabaci (PsT) (Sandor Of algae tested, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii best efficacy Pst. Intriguingly, cytokinin-deficient C. mutants exhibited markedly ability PsT, involvement cytokinin Several growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance root system (ISR). Sommer studied ISR simiae WCS417r (WCS417) Arabidopsis. local WCS417 pipecolic monoterpenes. It SA-induced SAR. Co-inoculation experiments At-LSPHERE Flavobacterium sp. Leaf82 proliferation selected bacteria influenced microbial immunity-related factors NPR1-dependent importance plant-microbe-microbe interactions phyllosphere new promoter (Sommer Recent studies shown can variety pests exogenously applied often degraded tissues leached surrounding environments, reduces efficacy. Tiwari challenges evidence, encapsulation carrier-based delivery systems solutions efficient cost-effective eco-friendly years, metabolomics promising tool plant-pathogen/pest Kumari tools, advantages disadvantages, facilitate identification stress-specific biomarkers playing crucial immunity. Likewise, Demiwal highlighted metabolomics, especially untargeted understanding root-microbe investigating stress-induced proposed use tools compatible incompatible root-pathogen (2024a) non-destructive method screening scab volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles disease-resistant susceptible apple cultivars. Scab caused Venturia inaequalis most significant decreased yield apple. By comparing VOC cultivars, cis-3-hexenyl acetate (3HA) biomarker disease. another similar study, stored potato tubers soft rot Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. (Ray aimed identify biomarker(s) prediction initial stages prevent disease-induced tubers. comparative healthy rot-infected tubers, total five disease-specific VOCs, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-methylisoborneol, 3-octanone, 1,4-dimethyladamantane, 2-methyl-2-bornene, suggesting Taken together, articles offer valuable mechanistic insights into advance our overall supported grant from National Research Foundation Korea (NRF) funded Ministry Education, Science, Technology (grant no. RS-2023-00248352).

Language: Английский

Soil metabolomics - current challenges and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Robert W. Brown, Michaela Reay, Florian Centler

et al.

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 109382 - 109382

Published: March 12, 2024

Soil is an extremely complex and dynamic matrix, in part, due to the wide diversity of organisms living within it. organic matter (SOM) fundamental substrate on which delivery ecosystem services depends, providing metabolic fuel drive soil function. As such, studying metabolome (the concentration low molecular weight metabolites), as a subset SOM, holds potential greatly expand our understanding behaviour, fate, interaction functional significance small molecules soil. Encompassing range chemical classes (including amino acids, peptides, lipids carbohydrates) large number individual (ca. n = 105 106), resultant (indirect) output several layers biological hierarchy, namely metagenome, metatranscriptome metaproteome. it may also provide support validation for these "multi-omics" datasets. We present case increased use untargeted metabolomics biochemistry, particularly furthering functions driving SOM composition biogeochemical cycling. Further, we discuss scale challenge terms metabolite extraction, analysis interpretation plant-soil-microbial systems. Lastly, highlight key knowledge gaps currently limit metabolomic approaches better understand processes, including: (i) datasets; (ii) source, emission fate soil-derived volatile compounds (VOCs), (iii) assessing temporal fluxes metabolites, (iv) monitoring ecological interactions rhizosphere. While application science still its relative infancy, importance biochemical system relation regulation, management underpinning further elucidating links between organisms, well ability community process cycle nutrients.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Omics approaches in understanding the benefits of plant-microbe interactions DOI Creative Commons
Archana Jain, Surendra Sarsaiya,

Ranjan Singh

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 27, 2024

Plant-microbe interactions are pivotal for ecosystem dynamics and sustainable agriculture, influenced by various factors, such as host characteristics, environmental conditions, human activities. Omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, have revolutionized our understanding of these interactions. Genomics elucidates key genes, transcriptomics reveals gene expression dynamics, proteomics identifies essential proteins, metabolomics profiles small molecules, thereby offering a holistic perspective. This review synthesizes diverse microbial-plant interactions, showcasing the application omics in mechanisms, nitrogen fixation, systemic resistance induction, mycorrhizal association, pathogen-host Despite challenges data integration ethical considerations, approaches promise advancements precision intervention resilient agricultural practices. Future research should address challenges, enhance technology resolution, explore epigenomics, understand plant-microbe under conditions. In conclusion, technologies hold immense optimizing strategies fortifying alliances, paving way agriculture stewardship.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Metabolomics: Towards Understanding of Plant-Microbe Interaction for Improved Productivity DOI
Neha Saini, Sonam Kumari,

Hemlata Kumari

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Omics for Thriving Plant Microbiomes: Growing Food Security for a Sustainable Future DOI

Debdut Manna,

Rosalin Laishram,

S. R. Arpitha

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Editorial: Role of phytohormones and plant‐growth regulators in the regulation of plant immunity DOI Open Access
Ravi Gupta, Péter Poór, Yiming Wang

et al.

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Pathogenic microbes are responsible for enormous crop loss during pre- and post-harvest storage conditions one of the major threats to sustainable production. Therefore, efforts need be taken limit these diseases ensure food security in upcoming two decades, which predicted have a rapid expansion population extreme changes global environmental conditions. The fitness plants pathogen invasion is dependent on successful recognition invading pathogens subsequent activation defense response, may culminate resistance. final outcome response determined by type extent activated immunity, governed genetic potential hosts an interplay various classical phytohormones emerging plant growth regulators (PGRs) (Ngou et al. 2022). Often, crosstalk among different PGRs through biosynthesis signaling nodes required balance under stress (van Butselaar Van den Ackerveken 2020). Among others, role jasmonic acid (JA) salicylic (SA) regulation responses well established (Yuan 2021). In addition, accumulating evidence also suggests key roles PGRs, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (Choudhary 2022), melatonin (Singh Gupta 2023), nitric oxide (NO) (Shah polyamines (Asija plants. Some known regulate NADPH-oxidase (RBOH)-mediated oxidative burst other components PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) effector-triggered (ETI), callose deposition, expression Pathogenesis related (PR)-proteins secondary metabolites 2022; Shah 2023). However, exact underlying mechanism immune not understood. This special issue was dedicated advancements research tailoring responses. Along with original research, this issues published series reviews such as SA (Roychowdhury 2024) like gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) (Gahlowt shaping herbivory 2024a). Moreover, growth-defense trade-off has been presented (Ali 2024). Besides, Singh (2024b) reviewed functional non-enzymatic antioxidant ascorbate defense. authors revealed that interaction between hormones plays Notably, only provided but mode biotic stressors. Both JA their A review Roychowdhury (2024) discussed recent updates SA-mediated biotrophic, hemibiotrophic, necrotrophic how suppresses coordinates pathways pathogens. Based identified NON-EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1 (NPR1) component regulates antagonism orchestrate article Uji reported JA-RESPONSIVE MYB TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (JAMTF1) mediates auxin shape rice against bacterial Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (Xoo). JAMTF1-overexpressing lines displayed improved resistance Xoo showed JA-hypersensitive phenotype along significantly reduced number lateral roots. As roots regulated auxin, JAMTF1-mediated speculated. enhanced genes associated lignin antibacterial compounds auxin-signaling. These results further confirmed JAMTF1 mediating determining growth-defence (Uji Similar abscisic (ABA) majorly linked growth, information its regulatory documented. Du intricate ABA Accumulating induces closure stomata attack, phenomenon now widely recognized "stomatal immunity". hijack stomata, thereby facilitating entry inside tissues. demonstrated crosstalks SA, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Calcium closing attack (Du melatonin, neurotransmitter animals, emerged modulator (Gupta Kong (2023) exogenous application 400 μM maize triggering signaling, genes, Fusarium head blight-causing fungus graminearum. Additionally, treatment F. graminearum vitro pathogenicity decreasing spore germination reducing deoxynivalenol biosynthesis, mycotoxins (Kong addition GABA, important regulator development, Gahlowt GABA-induced acclimation mainly mediated ROS metabolism activating system, both at gene enzyme activity levels. Brassinosteroids (BRs) considered growth; however, established. work Zhang investigated beneficial BRs broomrape (Orobanche cumana) infection sunflower (Helianthus annuus). found were able increase biomass net photosynthetic rate O. cumana and, parallel, influence level stress. BR cumana-induced lipid peroxidation levels, superoxide dismutase peroxidase being enzymes management process. induced accumulation specific phenolics lignin, helped minimize infestation (Zhang turning out determinants plant-pathogen interactions. They improve manner. microbes, Khan effects fungus, Trichoderma, inducing modulating JA, ethylene (ET) pathways. Trichoderma triggered systemic acquired (SAR), stress-related phytohormones. molecular Trichoderma-induced suggested it could solution (Khan fungi, microalgae, used biofertilizers, play biofertilizers secrete induce promoting disease phytohormones, cytokinins Sandor utilized cytokinin-secreting microalgae investigate tobacco Pseudomonas syringae tabaci (PsT) (Sandor Of algae tested, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii best efficacy Pst. Intriguingly, cytokinin-deficient C. mutants exhibited markedly ability PsT, involvement cytokinin Several growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance root system (ISR). Sommer studied ISR simiae WCS417r (WCS417) Arabidopsis. local WCS417 pipecolic monoterpenes. It SA-induced SAR. Co-inoculation experiments At-LSPHERE Flavobacterium sp. Leaf82 proliferation selected bacteria influenced microbial immunity-related factors NPR1-dependent importance plant-microbe-microbe interactions phyllosphere new promoter (Sommer Recent studies shown can variety pests exogenously applied often degraded tissues leached surrounding environments, reduces efficacy. Tiwari challenges evidence, encapsulation carrier-based delivery systems solutions efficient cost-effective eco-friendly years, metabolomics promising tool plant-pathogen/pest Kumari tools, advantages disadvantages, facilitate identification stress-specific biomarkers playing crucial immunity. Likewise, Demiwal highlighted metabolomics, especially untargeted understanding root-microbe investigating stress-induced proposed use tools compatible incompatible root-pathogen (2024a) non-destructive method screening scab volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles disease-resistant susceptible apple cultivars. Scab caused Venturia inaequalis most significant decreased yield apple. By comparing VOC cultivars, cis-3-hexenyl acetate (3HA) biomarker disease. another similar study, stored potato tubers soft rot Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. (Ray aimed identify biomarker(s) prediction initial stages prevent disease-induced tubers. comparative healthy rot-infected tubers, total five disease-specific VOCs, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-methylisoborneol, 3-octanone, 1,4-dimethyladamantane, 2-methyl-2-bornene, suggesting Taken together, articles offer valuable mechanistic insights into advance our overall supported grant from National Research Foundation Korea (NRF) funded Ministry Education, Science, Technology (grant no. RS-2023-00248352).

Language: Английский

Citations

1