Melatonin-governed growth and metabolome divergence: Circadian and stress responses in key plant species

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 221, P. 109635 - 109635

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Melatonin, a versatile biomolecule, profoundly influences plant growth and resilience through its intricate regulation of metabolic pathways, circadian rhythms, cellular processes. The current study elucidates melatonin's concentration-dependent biphasic effects on dynamics in Arabidopsis thaliana Brassica nigra. While 50 μM melatonin optimized biomass accumulation root elongation, higher concentrations (100 μM) elicited stress responses, underscoring dual role as promoter modulator. Melatonin extended photosynthetic efficiency by modulating chlorophyll carotenoid synthesis diurnally, offering protection against photodamage. Divergent responses between the two species, driven species-specific reprogramming, were evident pigment biosynthesis antioxidant pathways. B. nigra displayed robust activation flavonoid phenylpropanoid cytokinin signaling, enhanced oxidative defenses, contrasting with A. thaliana, where suppressed precursors activation. Metabolomic analysis revealed orchestration hormonal crosstalk, involving auxins, gibberellins, jasmonates, to fine-tune adaptation. Stomatal cell wall fortification highlighted optimizing water-use structural under abiotic stress. Cytogenetic studies confirmed safeguarding genomic integrity, regulating chromatin remodeling, promoting DNA repair mechanisms, demonstrating adaptive strategies Moreover, influenced critical including polyamine biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, nucleotide regulation, emphasizing multifaceted impact homeostasis. These findings position cornerstone molecule biotechnology, potential applications enhancing crop productivity fluctuating environmental conditions.

Language: Английский

Phenological, Physiological, and Ultrastructural Analyses of ‘Green Islands’ on Senescent Leaves of Norway Maple (Acer platanoides L.)

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 909 - 909

Published: March 14, 2025

‘Green island’ symptoms in the form of vivid green, round spots visible on senescent leaves many plants and trees are mostly results pathogenic colonization by fungi, greenish tissue is often dead. Therefore, this study investigates whether green observed Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) were still alive photosynthetically active. The appearance ‘green islands’ young was from autumn 2019 to 2022 an urban forest (Bialystok, eastern Poland). However, late summer (September) 2023 2024, tar caused fungus Rhytisma spp. could be observed, with only a few having symptoms. percentage areas during 4 years (2019–2022) influenced year sampling (p < 0.001). A non-destructive physiological analysis chlorophyll, flavonoids, nitrogen balance index (NBI) revealed that these parameters significantly lower than leaves, but higher yellow area leaves. In case anthocyanins, their level areas, although, anthocyanins undetectable. amount chlorophyll most photosynthetic 0.05) reduced compared mature Carotenoid content at same level, twice as Green had structure anatomy. main differences concerned chloroplasts, which smaller less grana starch grains, more plastoglobuli cells. cells building mesophyll leaf deteriorated chloroplasts collapsed. Epiphytes present adaxial epidermis surface all types samples.

Language: Английский

Canopy Processes

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский