Remodeling of Embryo Architecture in Response to Vanadium and Increased Temperatures: From Morphometric to Molecular Changes

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 22 - 22

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The study of ecotoxicity induced by vanadium (V) represents an area increasing interest due to the growing use V in both industrial and pharmaceutical areas. This leads its introduction into water environments, marking a developing problem, especially since rising global temperatures appear intensify toxic properties. Cytotoxicological approaches carried out on whole marine embryos represent valid research tool they grow directly contact with pollutants are equipped highly responsive cells stressors. Here, we discuss detrimental impact Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin resulting from combination higher temperatures, reflecting effects climate variation. results demonstrate remodeling embryonic architecture at morphometric level, revealing developmental delays anomalies. These malformations involve variations total skeletal mass almost absence skeleton, exception small calcareous aggregates. Furthermore, modulation tissue enzymatic activities variation amount three MMP-like gelatinases (MMP-2, -9, -14) were observed. demonstrates that change significantly increases harmful V, emphasizing necessity for comprehensive toxicity assessments environmental evaluations.

Language: Английский

Transcriptome Profiles Reveal Key Regulatory Networks during Single and Multifactorial Stresses Coupled with Melatonin Treatment in Pitaya (Selenicereus undatus L.)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 8901 - 8901

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

In response to evolving climatic conditions, plants frequently confront multiple abiotic stresses, necessitating robust adaptive mechanisms. This study focuses on the responses of Selenicereus undatus L. both individual stresses (cadmium; Cd, salt; S, and drought; D) their combined applications, with an emphasis evaluating mitigating effects (M) melatonin. Through transcriptome analysis, this identifies significant gene expression changes regulatory network activations. The results show that stress decreases pitaya growth rates by 30%, reduces stem cladode development 40%, increases Cd uptake under single 50% 70%, respectively. Under enhanced activities H2O2, POD, CAT, APX, SOD elevated proline content indicate strong antioxidant defenses. We identified 141 common DEGs related tolerance, most which were AtCBP, ALA, CBP pathways. Interestingly, production genes signal transduction hormones, including abscisic acid auxin, was also significantly induced. Several calcium-dependent protein kinase regulated during M treatments. Functional enrichment analysis showed enriched metabolism, MAPK signaling, photosynthesis. addition, weighted co-expression (WGCNA) critical transcription factors (WRKYs, MYBs, bZIPs, bHLHs, NACs) associated activities, particularly within salmon module. provides morpho-physiological insights into pitaya’s suggests molecular breeding techniques enhance plant resistance.

Language: Английский

Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomics Profiling Provides Integrated Insight into Melatonin Mediated Salt and Copper Stress Tolerance in Selenicereus undatus L.

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(24), P. 3602 - 3602

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Selenicereus undatus L., (pitaya) is an important tropical fruit crop, and faces significant challenges from soil salinity heavy metal toxicity. This study explores the role of melatonin (M) in enhancing stress tolerance pitaya against (S) copper (Cu) toxicity, both individually combination (SCu). SCu reduced plant biomass by ~54%, while application mitigated effects increased growth ~73.26% under SCuM compared to treatment. Antioxidant activities were also modulated stress. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 21 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common across treatments 13 DEGs specific combined with involved signaling, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, photosynthesis. A weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) identified four modules (brown, dark green, grey, grey) significantly associated phenotypic traits. protein–protein interaction (PPI) highlighted 14 hub per module, including GH3, JAZ, PAL, CCR, POD, implicated MAPK phenylpropanoid hormone signaling pathways. Integration DESeq2 WGCNA 12 key stress-responsive strongly correlated provides insights into regulatory mechanisms underlying responses highlights candidate for developing stress-resilient S. through breeding programs.

Language: Английский