Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Complex Interactions and Clinical Implications

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1809 - 1809

Published: March 7, 2025

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are highly prevalent chronic conditions, frequently coexisting due to their shared pathophysiological mechanisms risk factors. Epidemiological studies estimate that up 30% of COPD patients have comorbid T2DM, contributing worsened progression, more hospitalizations, higher mortality rates. Systemic inflammation in contributes insulin resistance by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), which impair glucose metabolism beta-cell function. Conversely, hyperglycemia T2DM exacerbates oxidative stress, leading endothelial dysfunction, reduced lung function, impaired repair mechanisms. A comprehensive narrative review was conducted evaluate the interplay between examining mechanisms, clinical consequences, management strategies. The co-occurrence accelerates development, elevates hospitalization rates, deteriorates overall prognosis. Pharmacological interactions complicate illness treatment, requiring a multidisciplinary therapy strategy. Recent data underscore need integrate palliative care, facilitate decision-making, provide psychological support enhance patient outcomes. Efficient COPD-T2DM comorbidity necessitates customized, interdisciplinary strategy targets both respiratory metabolic health. Preliminary prognostic dialogues, holistic lifestyle modifications can improve quality life results.

Language: Английский

---

Inhibition of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid to reduce neutrophil extracellular trap production improves lung condition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mice

Annals of Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 57(1)

Published: March 11, 2025

Background Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) correlate with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity. Platelets can promote NET generation. However, serotonin alone or serotonin-deficient platelets do not adequately production. The metabolism of to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in may be the key this difference.

Language: Английский

---

Turning Limitations Into Insights: The Path Forward for COPD and Cardiovascular Risk Research

Respirology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

We appreciate the thoughtful commentary [1] on our recent study [2] examining association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes and cardiovascular (CVD) risk, we welcome opportunity to address some of concerns raised. This dialogue underscores importance continued research in this area serves further refine understanding these complex associations. The National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collects key health information from a nationally representative sample U.S. population, enabling broad generalisations investigation specific questions at population level. While, like any self-reported data, it may introduce potential misclassification recall biases (as noted limitations section), NHANES remains well-established widely used source for epidemiological population-level prevalence risk factor–health outcome To note, reliability COPD CVD diagnoses has been demonstrated similar cohorts, underscoring its value advancing public insights supporting robust scientific investigations. Importantly, problems are not limited status but also include frequent misdiagnosis conditions, including COPD. Therefore, believe that bias due is unlikely outweigh significance overall findings presented should hinder future addressing crucial topic. Additionally, recognise absence spirometry data confirm ability precisely assess severity, as original article. However, was only collected during three ten cycles included analysis, restricting broader applicability study. Nonetheless, primary focus explore real-world associations diverse population. limitation presents an studies investigate into using more detailed objective diagnostic measures. In summary, agree incorporating tools, such imaging, will be valuable validate their mechanistic links risk. provide important preliminary evidence highlighting need greater awareness comorbidities individuals with can ultimately guide healthcare professionals promoting early identification management risks authors declare no conflicts interest.

Language: Английский

---

Limitations of Self‐Reported Data in Evaluating COPD Phenotypes and Cardiovascular Risk

Respirology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2025

I read with great interest the recent article by Cobb et al. [1], highlighting association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes and increased cardiovascular (CVD) risk. While findings provide valuable insights into a crucial area of comorbidities in COPD, reliance on self-reported data warrants critical reflection. The study utilised from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), where participants both COPD CVD diagnoses. This approach introduces potential misclassification recall bias, which may undermine validity associations presented. For example, might inaccurately identify themselves as having "chronic bronchitis" rather than "acute or "non-obstructive bronchitis," potentially inflating prevalence COPD. Similarly, diagnoses not capture subclinical undiagnosed cases, leading to an underestimation true burden comorbidities. Moreover, absence objective measures such spirometry confirm severity phenotype further complicates interpretation results. Spirometric were only collected three ten NHANES cycles included study, its omission limits ability validate reported phenotypes. limitation is particularly concerning given study's emphasis phenotypic distinctions, bronchitis emphysema, predictors authors acknowledge this limitation, implications extend beyond inaccuracies. have also introduced selection individuals more severe those under regular medical care be likely accurately report their conditions. could partially explain observed differences risk across To strengthen evidence base, future research should incorporate diagnostic tools, including imaging, explore mechanistic links Such studies would robust foundation for development targeted screening prevention strategies high-risk population. author declares no conflicts interest.

Language: Английский

---

Obstructive Airway Disease is Associated with Increased Cardiovascular Disease Risk Independent of Phenotype: Evidence from Two Nationwide Population-Based Studies

International Journal of COPD, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 20, P. 1435 - 1446

Published: May 1, 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), as the most common comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD), has received much attention. However, robust evidence relationship between other airway (OAD) phenotypes, such asthma, asthma-COPD overlap (ACO), and CVD risk is limited. We aimed to compare magnitude across different OAD phenotypes using two nationwide population-based studies. analyzed cross-sectional data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018 (N=44,972, representing 183,508,900 adults). Survey-weighted descriptive analysis logistic regression were used investigate prevalence (including heart failure, coronary disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction) calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additionally, longitudinal China Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) (N=13,533) validate these findings hazard (HRs) CIs for new-onset Cox proportional hazards models. The weighted at least one in COPD, ACO was 6.21%, 16.82%, 20.75%, respectively. Individuals had a significantly higher than those without OAD, ORs 1.55 (95% CI: 1.34-1.78), 1.76 1.50-2.07), 2.99 2.47-3.61), During 9-year follow-up, 2,444 (18.1%) individuals developed CHARLS. incidence asthma (HR=1.67, 1.26-2.21), COPD (HR=1.71, 1.48-1.97), (HR=2.67, 2.21-3.24) OAD. have comorbid an increased developing independent phenotype, especially ACO. These emphasize need awareness appropriate cardiovascular screening

Language: Английский

---

Is ‘Cardiopulmonary’ the New ‘Cardiometabolic’? Making a Case for Systems Change in COPD

Pulmonary Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

---

COPD: The forgotten cardiovascular risk

Respirology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Early detection methods for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Abstract COPD is a progressive respiratory condition that leads to permanent lung damage. It among the leading causes of death worldwide, with risk factors including smoking, air pollution, and genetic predisposition. The aim article analyze diagnostic methods for early detection chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Early diagnosis vital timely treatment lifestyle changes, which can slow progression lessen its impact on patients’ quality life. highlights spirometry, measures FEV1 FVC assess airway obstruction. Additionally, CAT mMRC questionnaires evaluate patient function symptom severity. Auxiliary diagnostics include X-rays, CT scans structure, blood tests inflammatory markers like CRP. Emphasis placed health education identify early, especially in high-risk populations

Language: Английский

---