Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality

The Innovation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 100180 - 100180

Published: Oct. 30, 2021

Language: Английский

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How biochar works, and when it doesn't: A review of mechanisms controlling soil and plant responses to biochar

GCB Bioenergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1731 - 1764

Published: July 27, 2021

Abstract We synthesized 20 years of research to explain the interrelated processes that determine soil and plant responses biochar. The properties biochar its effects within agricultural ecosystems largely depend on feedstock pyrolysis conditions. describe three stages reactions in soil: dissolution (1–3 weeks); reactive surface development (1–6 months); aging (beyond 6 months). As ages, it is incorporated into aggregates, protecting carbon promoting stabilization rhizodeposits microbial products. Biochar persists for hundreds thousands years. By increasing pH, porosity, water availability, biochars can create favorable conditions root functions. Biochars catalyze biotic abiotic reactions, particularly rhizosphere, increase nutrient supply uptake by plants, reduce phytotoxins, stimulate development, resilience disease environmental stressors. Meta‐analyses found that, average, P availability a factor 4.6; decrease tissue concentration heavy metals 17%–39%; build organic through negative priming 3.8% (range −21% +20%); non‐CO 2 greenhouse gas emissions from 12%–50%. show average crop yield increases 10%–42% with addition, greatest low‐nutrient P‐sorbing acidic soils (common tropics), sandy drylands due retention holding capacity. Studies report wide range diversity contexts which have been applied. Crop yields strongly if site‐specific constraints limitations are mitigated appropriate formulations. be tailored address site selection, modifying conditions, pre‐ or post‐production treatments, co‐application mineral fertilizers. demonstrate how, when used wisely, mitigates climate change supports food security circular economy.

Language: Английский

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Towards a global-scale soil climate mitigation strategy

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Oct. 27, 2020

Abstract Sustainable soil carbon sequestration practices need to be rapidly scaled up and implemented contribute climate change mitigation. We highlight that the major potential for is in cropland soils, especially those with large yield gaps and/or historic organic losses. The implementation of measures requires a diverse set options, each adapted local conditions management opportunities, accounting site-specific trade-offs. propose establishment information system containing localised on group, degradation status, crop gap, associated carbon-sequestration potentials, as well provision incentives policies translate options into region- soil-specific practices.

Language: Английский

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Biochar in climate change mitigation

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 883 - 892

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Multifunctional applications of biochar beyond carbon storage

International Materials Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 67(2), P. 150 - 200

Published: May 7, 2021

Biochar is produced as a charred material with high surface area and abundant functional groups by pyrolysis, which refers to the process of thermochemical decomposition organic at elevated temperatures in absence oxygen. The carbon component biochar relatively stable, and, hence, was originally proposed soil amendment store soil. has multifunctional values that include use it for following purposes: improve health, nutrient microbial carrier, immobilising agent remediation toxic metals contaminants water, catalyst industrial applications, porous mitigating greenhouse gas emissions odorous compounds, feed supplement animal health intake efficiency thus, productivity. This article provides first time an overview unintended consequences applications.

Language: Английский

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Biochar in agriculture – A systematic review of 26 global meta‐analyses

GCB Bioenergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1708 - 1730

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Abstract Biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing biomass and is, definition, applied in a way that avoids its rapid oxidation to CO 2 . Its use agriculture includes animal feeding, manure treatment (e.g. as additive for bedding, composting, storage or anaerobic digestion), fertilizer component direct soil application. Because the feedstock carbon photosynthetically fixed from atmosphere, producing applying biochar essentially dioxide removal (CDR) technology, which has high‐technology readiness level. However, swift implementation of pyrogenic capture (PyCCS), needs deliver co‐benefits, example, improving crop yields ecosystem services and/or climate change resilience ameliorating key properties. Agronomic research rapidly evolving field moving less than 100 publications 2010 more 15,000 end 2020. Here, we summarize 26 rigorously selected meta‐analyses published since 2016 investigated multitude properties agronomic performance parameters impacted application, effects on yield, root biomass, water efficiency, microbial activity, organic greenhouse gas emissions. All show compelling evidence overall beneficial effect all parameters. One remaining challenges standardization basic analysis, still lacking many studies. Incomplete characterization increases uncertainty because adverse individual studies included might be related low‐quality biochars, would not qualify certification subsequent high content contaminants, salinity, incomplete pyrolysis, etc.). In summary, our systematic review suggests potential combine CDR with significant environmental co‐benefits.

Language: Английский

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Sustainable soil use and management: An interdisciplinary and systematic approach

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 729, P. 138961 - 138961

Published: April 24, 2020

Language: Английский

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Iron-modified biochar and water management regime-induced changes in plant growth, enzyme activities, and phytoavailability of arsenic, cadmium and lead in a paddy soil

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 407, P. 124344 - 124344

Published: Oct. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

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A review of green remediation strategies for heavy metal contaminated soil

Soil Use and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 936 - 963

Published: March 8, 2021

Abstract Heavy metals and metalloids can accumulate in soil, with potentially toxic effects to human health ecosystems, threatening the sustainable use management of soil resources. Although a number remediation technologies, such as Solidification/Stabilization (S/S), washing, electrokinetic chemical oxidation/reduction be applied for immobilization, removal or detoxification heavy environmental, social economic impacts associated these conventional approaches hinder their overall sustainability. More attempts have been made maximize ‘net environmental benefit’ various ways, including recovering resources, embracing nature‐based solutions (NBS), saving energy emergence development ‘green remediation’ (GSR) movement. This review critically discusses green strategies, novel amendments being utilized approaches. Iron‐based are most promising candidates due highest stabilization performances both oxyanions metallic cations well relatively low disturbance soil. In comparison, waste‐derived materials suffer from risks contaminant release long run, reducing sustainability despite costs. It has found that phytoremediation amendment‐based S/S typically ‘greenest’ but wise decisions should on basis case‐specific assessment results. Finally, it is proposed integration several techniques may synergistic effect efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Effects of different feedstocks-based biochar on soil remediation: A review

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 294, P. 118655 - 118655

Published: Dec. 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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