Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(1), P. 81 - 81
Published: Jan. 5, 2022
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
is
a
treatment
modality
that
uses
light
to
target
tumors
and
minimize
damage
normal
tissues.
It
offers
advantages
including
high
spatiotemporal
selectivity,
low
side
effects,
maximal
preservation
of
tissue
functions.
However,
the
PDT
efficiency
severely
impeded
by
hypoxic
feature
tumors.
Moreover,
hypoxia
may
promote
tumor
metastasis
resistance
multiple
therapies.
Therefore,
addressing
improve
efficacy
has
been
focus
antitumor
treatment,
research
on
this
theme
continuously
emerging.
In
review,
we
summarize
state-of-the-art
advances
in
strategies
for
overcoming
PDTs,
categorizing
them
into
oxygen-independent
phototherapy,
oxygen-economizing
PDT,
oxygen-supplementing
PDT.
highlight
possessing
intriguing
such
as
exceedingly
novelty,
analyze
strengths
shortcomings
different
methods,
envision
opportunities
challenges
future
research.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Nov. 24, 2021
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
a
classic
autoimmune
disease
characterized
by
uncontrolled
synovial
proliferation,
pannus
formation,
cartilage
injury,
and
bone
destruction.
The
specific
pathogenesis
of
RA,
chronic
inflammatory
disease,
remains
unclear.
However,
both
key
glycolysis
rate-limiting
enzymes,
hexokinase-II
(HK-II),
phosphofructokinase-1
(PFK-1),
pyruvate
kinase
M2
(PKM2),
as
well
indirect
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase
3
(PFKFB3),
are
thought
to
participate
in
the
RA.
In
here,
we
review
latest
literature
on
introduce
pathophysiological
characteristics
HK-II,
PFK-1/PFKFB3,
PKM2
their
expression
this
systematically
assess
association
between
glycolytic
enzymes
RA
from
molecular
level.
Moreover,
highlight
potential
targets
for
clinical
treatment
There
great
develop
new
anti-rheumatic
therapies
through
safe
inhibition
or
overexpression
enzymes.
Frontiers in Genetics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: March 31, 2022
Metabolic
alterations
are
one
of
the
hallmarks
cancer,
which
has
recently
gained
great
attention.
Increased
glucose
absorption
and
lactate
secretion
in
cancer
cells
characterized
by
Warburg
effect,
is
caused
metabolic
changes
tumor
tissue.
Cancer
switch
from
oxidative
phosphorylation
(OXPHOS)
to
aerobic
glycolysis
due
degradation
mechanisms,
a
process
known
as
“metabolic
reprogramming”.
As
result,
proteins
involved
mediating
altered
pathways
identified
pose
novel
therapeutic
targets.
Hypoxic
microenvironment
(HTM)
anticipated
trigger
promote
alterations,
oncogene
activation,
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition,
drug
resistance,
all
aggressive
behaviour.
Angiogenesis,
erythropoiesis,
regulation,
transport,
acidosis
regulators
have
been
orchestrated
through
activation
stability
transcription
factor
termed
hypoxia-inducible
factor-1
(HIF-1),
hence
altering
crucial
effect
activities.
Therefore,
targeting
HIF-1
therapy
seems
like
an
extremely
rational
approach
it
directly
shift
In
this
mini-review,
we
present
brief
overview
function
hypoxic
with
particular
focus
on
strategies
currently
available.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(12), P. 3113 - 3113
Published: Dec. 2, 2022
Many
people
infected
with
the
SARS-CoV-2
suffer
long-term
symptoms,
such
as
"brain
fog",
fatigue
and
clotting
problems.
Explanations
for
"long
COVID"
include
immune
imbalance,
incomplete
viral
clearance
potentially,
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
As
conditions
sub-optimal
function
are
associated
initial
severity
of
disease,
their
prior
health
could
be
key
in
resistance
to
long
COVID
recovery.
The
SARs
virus
redirects
host
metabolism
towards
replication;
response,
can
metabolically
react
control
virus.
Resolution
is
normally
achieved
after
stress
activates
a
hormetic
negative
feedback
mechanism.
It
therefore
possible
that,
some
individuals
function,
"tip"
into
chronic
inflammatory
cycle.
This
might
explain
main
including
platelet
Long
thus
described
virally
induced
self-perpetuating
imbalanced
non-resolving
state
characterised
by
dysfunction,
where
reactive
oxygen
species
continually
drive
inflammation
shift
glycolysis.
would
suggest
that
sufferer's
needs
"tipped"
back
using
stimulus,
physical
activity,
calorie
restriction,
or
chemical
compounds
mimic
these
enhancing
perhaps
combination
inhibitors
quell
response.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(1), P. 81 - 81
Published: Jan. 5, 2022
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
is
a
treatment
modality
that
uses
light
to
target
tumors
and
minimize
damage
normal
tissues.
It
offers
advantages
including
high
spatiotemporal
selectivity,
low
side
effects,
maximal
preservation
of
tissue
functions.
However,
the
PDT
efficiency
severely
impeded
by
hypoxic
feature
tumors.
Moreover,
hypoxia
may
promote
tumor
metastasis
resistance
multiple
therapies.
Therefore,
addressing
improve
efficacy
has
been
focus
antitumor
treatment,
research
on
this
theme
continuously
emerging.
In
review,
we
summarize
state-of-the-art
advances
in
strategies
for
overcoming
PDTs,
categorizing
them
into
oxygen-independent
phototherapy,
oxygen-economizing
PDT,
oxygen-supplementing
PDT.
highlight
possessing
intriguing
such
as
exceedingly
novelty,
analyze
strengths
shortcomings
different
methods,
envision
opportunities
challenges
future
research.
