The Detrimental Effects of Bedrest: Premature Cardiovascular Aging and Dysfunction

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(8), P. 1468 - 1482

Published: May 15, 2024

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Spaceflight on the ISS changed the skeletal muscle proteome of two astronauts

npj Microgravity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 5, 2024

Abstract Skeletal muscle undergoes atrophy and loss of force during long space missions, when astronauts are persistently exposed to altered gravity increased ionizing radiation. We previously carried out mass spectrometry-based proteomics from skeletal biopsies two astronauts, taken before after a mission on the International Space Station. The experiments were part an effort find similarities between spaceflight bed rest, ground-based model unloading, focused proteins located at costameres. here extend data analysis astronaut dataset show compartment-resolved changes in mitochondrial proteome, remodeling extracellular matrix antioxidant response. differed their level onboard physical exercise, which correlated with respective preservation landing previous analyses. that proteome downregulation spaceflight, particularly inner membrane matrix, was dramatic for both astronauts. expression autophagy regulators reactive oxygen species scavengers, however, showed partially opposite trends subjects, possibly correlating exercise. As mitochondria primarily affected many different tissues we hypothesize (ROS) rather than mechanical unloading per se could be primary cause damage space. Onboard exercise might have strong direct effect prevention through mechanotransduction subsidiary quality control, upregulation anti-oxidant responses.

Language: Английский

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Program with last minute abstracts of the Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine, 27 February – 2 March, 2024 (2024Pdm3)

European Journal of Translational Myology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

During the 2023 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine 2024 meeting was scheduled from 28 February to 2 March (2024Pdm3). autumn program expanded with Scientific Sessions which will take place over five days (in this includes 29), starting afternoon of 27 in Conference Rooms Hotel Petrarca, Thermae Euganean Hills (Padua), Italy. As per consolidated tradition, second day Padua, for occasion Sala San Luca Monastery Santa Giustina Prato della Valle, Confirming attractiveness Medicine, 100 titles were accepted until 15 December (many more than expected), forcing organization parallel sessions both 1 2024. The include lectures oral presentations scientists clinicians Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Switzerland, UK USA. Only Australia, China, India Japan are missing edition. But we confident that authors those countries who publish articles PAGEpress: European Journal Translational Myology (EJTM: 2022 ESCI Clarivate's Impact Factor: 2.2; SCOPUS Cite Score: 3.2) decide join us coming years. Together established by 31 January 2024, abstracts circulate during only electronic version EJTM Issue 34 (1) See you soon person at Petrarca Montegrotto Terme, inauguration or on-line free via Zoom. Send your email address if not traditional participants listed Pdm3 books.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Ageing and Disuse on Neuromuscular Junction and Mitochondrial Function and Morphology: Current Evidence and Controversies

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102586 - 102586

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Microvascular and oxidative stress responses to acute high-altitude exposure in prematurely born adults

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 26, 2023

Premature birth is associated with endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic oxidative stress, which might impair the physiological responses to acute altitude exposure. We assessed peripheral stress high-altitude exposure in preterm adults compared term born controls. Post-occlusive skeletal muscle microvascular reactivity capacity from oxygen consumption recovery rate constant (k) were determined by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy vastus lateralis of seventeen adults. Measurements performed at sea-level within 1 h arrival (3375 m). Plasma markers pro/antioxidant balance both conditions. Upon exposure, sea-level, participants exhibited a lower reperfusion (7 ± 31% vs. 30 30%, p = 0.046) level, but higher k (6 32% -15 21%, 0.039), than their peers. The altitude-induced increases plasma advanced oxidation protein products catalase (35 61% -13 48% 67 64% 15 61%, 0.034 0.010, respectively) xanthine oxidase (29 82% 159 162%, 0.030) In conclusion, blunted responsiveness, larger may compromise acclimatization healthy preterm.

Language: Английский

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Dietary nitrate supplementation mitigates age‐related changes at the neuromuscular junction in mice

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Abstract In ageing, denervation and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) instability occur alongside mitochondrial alterations redox unbalance, potentially playing a significant role in the process. Moreover, synthetic pathway was shown to be critical for proper innervation NMJ stability. Nitric oxide (NO) modulates status, function pathway. Its bioavailability declines with age. We hypothesize that nitrate supplementation could counteract age‐related alterations. compared young (Y) (7 months old), old (O) (24 old) mice supplemented daily 1.5 m inorganic NaNO 3 dissolved drinking water 8 weeks (ON) old). Compared Y, O displayed impaired NO signalling transport (lower phosphorylated‐neuronal synthase sialin content); greater nitrosative oxidative stress (higher 3‐nitrotyrosine levels protein carbonylation); lower glutathione peroxidase (GPX antioxidant enzyme); smaller muscle fibres; larger fibrosis. integrity impaired, exhibiting such as fragmentation, overlap, endplate areas compactness. Consistently, expression of denervation‐associated markers (Gadd45α, MyoG, RUNX1, AChRγ NCAM1) higher NCAM1+ fibres percentage suggested denervation. Importantly, content, dynamics were unchanged. O, ON showed improved nitrate‐nitrite concentration); fibrosis fibre size; phosphorylation P70S6K S6, downstream factors Akt/mammalian target rapamycin pathway; carbonylated proteins hydrogen peroxide production, GPX levels); reverted morphology; fibres. Nitrate therapeutic strategy decline ageing. image Key points Ageing leads at (NMJ), which is crucial size function, ultimately giving rise loss. Mitochondrial status activation are processes stability NMJ. modulate intracellular involved balance reactive oxygen species, synthesis. decreases Our study shows balance, enhanced anabolic stabilized nerve–muscle interactions, suggesting potential mitigate associated

Language: Английский

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Multidirectional effect of low-intensity neuromuscular electrical stimulation on gene expression and phenotype in thigh and calf muscles after one week of disuse

European Journal of Applied Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Sensitivity to Submaximal [ADP] Following Bed Rest: A Novel Two‐Phase Approach Associated With Fibre Types

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3)

Published: April 25, 2025

ABSTRACT Background We recently demonstrated that following a 10‐day exposure to inactivity/simulated microgravity impairments of oxidative metabolism were located ‘upstream’ mitochondrial function, as evaluated by maximal ADP‐stimulated respiration (JO 2max ) determined ex vivo. The aim this study was evaluate sensitivity submaximal [ADP] an alternative approach aimed at identifying responses associated with fibre type composition. Methods Isolated permeabilized vastus lateralis fibres analysed high‐resolution respirometry in 9 young males before and after horizontal bed rest. Eleven titrations ADP (from 12.5 10 000 μM) utilized assess complex I + II‐linked sensitivity. applied JO 2 versus data traditional Michaelis–Menten kinetics equation, the calculation apparent K m (V max ), two ‘sequential’ hyperbolic equations, yielding V values. two‐hyperbolic equations solved value corresponding 50% calculated. Isoform expression myosin heavy chains (MyHC) 1, 2A 2X also determined. Control experiments carried out on rat skeletal muscle samples different percentages MyHC isoforms. Results provided fitting identified distinct phases response: first phase characterized low max1 , 28 ± pmol s −1 mg (K m1 62 54 second higher max2 61 16 m2 1784 833 μM). Data confirmed control Correlation receiver operating characteristics analyses suggest response related % Conclusions A novel mathematical (two sequential functions) for obtained fibres, humans rats, experimental compared equation. This model allowed identification responses, which phase, values, correlated percentage less (Type 2X) high more 1)

Language: Английский

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Perspectives on the interpretation of mitochondrial responses during skeletal muscle disuse‐induced atrophy

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 5, 2025

Abstract Reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration or increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) are often interpreted as ‘mitochondrial dysfunctions’. However, such changes can also occur intentional programmed responses to stressors. The term dysfunction’ could therefore consider the net impact of on other cellular functions. In case disuse‐induced atrophy, lower respiration, increased ROS and mitochondrial‐linked apoptosis have been associated with loss. Such observations support hypotheses that mitochondria contribute atrophy. If true, there exciting opportunities for exploring therapeutic strategies prevent metabolism. These might alternative where intentionally reprogrammed serve specific purposes, a recalibration ATP supply reduced demand during disuse. goal this review is describe what known regarding functional disuse, well discuss how these foundational discoveries lead new directions determine whether disuse causal atrophy adaptive nature. Three critical questions consideration include: (1) when change function ‘dysfunctional’; (2) represent reprogramming purposes; (3) factors should be considered constructing experimental designs role disuse? Understanding remodelling dysfunctions inform approaches maintain mass periods image

Language: Английский

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The 2022 On-site Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine hosts the University of Florida Institute of Myology and the Wellstone Center, March 30 - April 3, 2022 at the University of Padua and Thermae of Euganean Hills, Padua, Italy: The collection of abstracts

European Journal of Translational Myology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(1)

Published: March 10, 2022

In the autumn of 2021, 2022 Padua Days Muscle and Mobility Medicine (PDM3) was planned to be held from March 30 April 2, 2022. Despite fact that Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak continued impose restrictions all over world, program with Scientific Sessions occur three full days at either University Aula Magna or Hotel Petrarca on Thermae Euganean Hills (Padua), Italy. During winter epidemic worsened, but waned by early February 2022, allowing confirmation On-site Meeting. The success submission abstracts (over 100 abstracts, i. e., times previous years) is attributable PDM3 a combined meeting, hosting spring Meeting Myology Institute Wellstone Center Florida, USA. first will include large series presentations Florida scientists clinicians their Invited Speakers Canada, France, Switzerland Italy U.K. European researchers Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Slovenia, Russia UK fill last two days. To provide slot young Speakers, extended 3, Collection Abstracts e-published in 32 (1) Issue Journal Translational (EJTM), together detailed Program organized (March 30) for 31 - Conference Halls ends late Sunday an invitation join 2023 PDM3, 27 You are invited submit your Communications Special diagnostics, MDPI, Basel. Both journals 50% discount 15 accepted typescripts.

Language: Английский

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