Cerebral Hypoxia-Induced Molecular Alterations and Their Impact on the Physiology of Neurons and Dendritic Spines: A Comprehensive Review

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

This article comprehensively reviews how cerebral hypoxia impacts the physiological state of neurons and dendritic spines through a series molecular changes, explores causal relationship between these changes neuronal functional impairment. As severe pathological condition, can significantly alter morphology function spines. Specifically, spines, being critical structures for to receive information, undergo such as reduction in number morphological abnormalities under hypoxic conditions. These alterations further affect synaptic function, leading neurotransmission disorders. delves into roles pathways like MAPK, AMPA receptors, NMDA BDNF hypoxia-induced outlines current treatment strategies. Neurons are particularly sensitive hypoxia, with their apical dendrites vulnerable damage, thereby affecting cognitive function. Additionally, astrocytes microglia play an indispensable role protecting structures, regulating normal functions, contributing repair process following injury. studies not only contribute understanding pathogenesis related neurological diseases but also provide important insights developing novel therapeutic Future research should focus on dynamic conditions intrinsic connections

Language: Английский

Vagal nerve stimulation dynamically alters anxiety-like behavior in rats.

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский