How Does the Immune System Enter the Brain? DOI Creative Commons
Josephine A. Mapunda,

Houyam Tibar,

W. Regragui

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is considered the most frequent inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS). It occurs with a variable prevalence across world. A rich armamentarium modifying therapies selectively targeting specific actions immune available for treatment MS. Understanding how and where cells are primed, they access CNS in MS immunomodulatory treatments affect neuroinflammation requires proper knowledge on mechanisms regulating cell trafficking special anatomy CNS. The brain barriers divide into different compartments that differ respect to their accessibility innate adaptive system. In steady state, blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits activated T cells, which can reach cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filled ensure surveillance. breach second barrier, glia limitans parenchyma. Here we will summarize role endothelial, epithelial glial entry target barriers. Finally, explore current genetic environmental factors may influence during Africa.

Language: Английский

The Neurovascular Unit Coming of Age: A Journey through Neurovascular Coupling in Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Costantino Iadecola

Neuron, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 96(1), P. 17 - 42

Published: Sept. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

1880
Cerebral blood flow regulation and neurovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer disease DOI
Kassandra Kisler, Amy R. Nelson, Axel Montagne

et al.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(7), P. 419 - 434

Published: May 18, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

1000
Pericytes of the neurovascular unit: key functions and signaling pathways DOI
Melanie D. Sweeney,

Shiva Ayyadurai,

Berislav V. Zloković

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 19(6), P. 771 - 783

Published: May 26, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

933
The role of brain vasculature in neurodegenerative disorders DOI
Melanie D. Sweeney, Kassandra Kisler, Axel Montagne

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(10), P. 1318 - 1331

Published: Sept. 19, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

806
What is a pericyte? DOI Open Access
David Attwell, Anusha Mishra, Catherine N. Hall

et al.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 36(2), P. 451 - 455

Published: Oct. 14, 2015

Pericytes, spatially isolated contractile cells on capillaries, have been reported to control cerebral blood flow physiologically, and limit after ischaemia by constricting capillaries then dying. Paradoxically, a recent paper dismisses the idea of pericytes controlling flow, despite confirming earlier data showing role for pericytes. We show that these discrepancies are apparent rather than real, depend new defining differently from previous reports. An objective definition different sub-classes pericyte along capillary bed is needed develop novel therapeutic approaches stroke disorders caused malfunction.

Language: Английский

Citations

560
Pericyte degeneration leads to neurovascular uncoupling and limits oxygen supply to brain DOI
Kassandra Kisler, Amy R. Nelson, Sanket Rege

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 406 - 416

Published: Jan. 30, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

437
Pericytes and Neurovascular Function in the Healthy and Diseased Brain DOI Creative Commons
Lachlan S. Brown, Catherine G. Foster, Jo‐Maree Courtney

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 28, 2019

Pericytes are multi-functional cells embedded within the walls of capillaries throughout body, including brain. were first identified in 1870s, but little attention was paid to them during following century. More recently, numerous vascular functions pericytes have been regulation cerebral blood flow, maintenance blood-brain barrier, and control development angiogenesis. can also facilitate neuroinflammatory processes possess stem cell-like properties. form part neurovascular unit, a collection that interactions between neurons vasculature meet energy demands Pericyte structure, expression profile, function brain differ depending on their location along bed. Until it has difficult accurately define sub-types pericytes, or specifically target with pharmaceutical agents, emerging techniques both vitro vivo will improve investigation allow for identification possible roles diseases. dysfunction is increasingly recognized as contributor progression diseases such stroke neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease. The therapeutic potential repair vessels promote angiogenesis due ability behave like recently brought light. Here, we review history pericyte research, present used study brain, current research advancements characterize therapeutically future.

Language: Английский

Citations

326
Brain capillary pericytes exert a substantial but slow influence on blood flow DOI
David A. Hartmann,

Andrée‐Anne Berthiaume,

Roger I. Grant

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 633 - 645

Published: Feb. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

284
The Translational Significance of the Neurovascular Unit DOI Creative Commons
Heather McConnell, Cymon Kersch,

Randall L. Woltjer

et al.

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 292(3), P. 762 - 770

Published: Dec. 6, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

269
Organizational hierarchy and structural diversity of microvascular pericytes in adult mouse cortex DOI Creative Commons
Roger I. Grant, David A. Hartmann, Robert G. Underly

et al.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 39(3), P. 411 - 425

Published: Sept. 21, 2017

Smooth muscle cells and pericytes, together called mural cells, coordinate many distinct vascular functions. Canonically, smooth are ring-shaped cover arterioles with circumferential processes, whereas pericytes extend thin processes that run longitudinally along capillaries. In between these canonical cell types features of both pericytes. Recent studies suggest transitional critical for controlling blood flow to the capillary bed during health disease, but there remains confusion on how identify them where they located in brain microvasculature. To address this issue, we measured morphology, territory, α-smooth actin content structurally diverse adult mouse cortex. We first imaged intact 3D networks establish locations major gradations appearance as branched into then individual occupying regions within gradations. This revealed two were often similar appearance, sharply contrasting levels actin. Our findings highlight diversity morphologies microvasculature, provide guidance identification categorization types.

Language: Английский

Citations

235