PDGFRβ Cells Rapidly Relay Inflammatory Signal from the Circulatory System to Neurons via Chemokine CCL2

Neuron, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 100(1), P. 183 - 200.e8

Published: Sept. 27, 2018

Language: Английский

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Precapillary sphincters maintain perfusion in the cerebral cortex

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2020

Abstract Active nerve cells release vasodilators that increase their energy supply by dilating local blood vessels, a mechanism termed neurovascular coupling and the basis of BOLD functional neuroimaging signals. Here, we reveal for cerebral flow control, precapillary sphincter at transition between penetrating arteriole first order capillary, linking in capillaries to arteriolar inflow. The sphincters are encircled contractile mural cells, which capable bidirectional control length width enclosed vessel segment. hemodynamic consequence is can generate largest changes cerebrovascular resistance all brain segments, thereby controlling capillary while protecting downstream bed tissue from adverse pressure fluctuations. Cortical spreading depolarization constricts causes vascular trapping cells. Thus, bottlenecks flow.

Language: Английский

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Pericyte Control of Blood Flow Across Microvascular Zones in the Central Nervous System

Annual Review of Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 84(1), P. 331 - 354

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

The vast majority of the brain's vascular length is composed capillaries, where our understanding blood flow control remains incomplete. This review synthesizes current knowledge on across microvascular zones by addressing issues with nomenclature and drawing new developments from in vivo optical imaging single-cell transcriptomics. Recent studies have highlighted important distinctions mural cell morphology, gene expression, contractile dynamics, which can explain observed differences response to vasoactive mediators between arteriole, transitional, capillary zones. Smooth muscle cells arterioles ensheathing pericytes arteriole-capillary transitional zone large-scale, rapid changes flow. In contrast, downstream act slower smaller scales are involved establishing resting tone heterogeneity. Many unresolved remain, including that activate different pericyte types vivo, role pericyte-endothelial communication conducting signals capillaries arterioles, how neurological disease affects these mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Emerging roles for CNS fibroblasts in health, injury and disease

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 23 - 34

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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How Does the Immune System Enter the Brain?

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is considered the most frequent inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS). It occurs with a variable prevalence across world. A rich armamentarium modifying therapies selectively targeting specific actions immune available for treatment MS. Understanding how and where cells are primed, they access CNS in MS immunomodulatory treatments affect neuroinflammation requires proper knowledge on mechanisms regulating cell trafficking special anatomy CNS. The brain barriers divide into different compartments that differ respect to their accessibility innate adaptive system. In steady state, blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits activated T cells, which can reach cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filled ensure surveillance. breach second barrier, glia limitans parenchyma. Here we will summarize role endothelial, epithelial glial entry target barriers. Finally, explore current genetic environmental factors may influence during Africa.

Language: Английский

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