Physiological Resilience: What Is It and How Might It Be Trained?

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Physiological resilience has recently been recognized as an additional factor that influences endurance exercise performance. It thus incorporated into a modified, contemporary version of "the Joyner model" which acknowledges start-line values V̇O2max, efficiency or economy, and metabolic thresholds are prone to deterioration, often with appreciable interindividual variability, during prolonged exercise. The physiological underpinnings elusive sports physiologists presently concerned developing practical testing protocols reflect athlete's characteristics. is also important consider why some athletes more resilient than others whether can be enhanced-and, if so, training programs specific sessions might stimulate its development. While data scant, the available evidence suggests consistency accumulation relatively large volumes over longer-term (i.e., several years) promote resilience. inclusion regular within program, especially when these include bouts high-intensity at race pace above progressive increase in intensity face fatigue, represent effective means enhancing Finally, resistance training, heavy strength plyometric appears have positive effects on Considerations for resilience, alongside other established determinants performance, will likely long-term development successful athletes.

Language: Английский

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Decoding Victory in Cycling's Grand Monuments: A Performance Analysis of Top‐5 Versus Top‐6–30 Finishers

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(5)

Published: April 25, 2025

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the key performance metrics and durability differences between cyclists finishing in top‐5 those ranked 6th 30th Five Monuments of Cycling (Milan‐San Remo, Tour Flanders, Paris‐Roubaix, Liège‐Bastogne‐Liège, Il Lombardia). Data from 64 professional male were analyzed. Cyclists categorized into finishers ( n = 14) top‐6–30 50). Race data extracted .fit files, including power output (PO), mean maximal (MMP) across multiple durations (5 s, 30 1 min, 5 10 20 min), decay after accumulated workloads (30, 40, 50, 60 kJ kg −1 ). Top‐5 exhibited significantly higher MMP for 5‐min d 0.7; p 0.02), 10‐min 0.8; 0.01), 20‐min efforts 1.0; 0.01) compared finishers. No significant found shorter > 0.05). Power analysis revealed that experienced greater reductions at , particularly 1.3; < 1.2; 0.01). observed total energy expenditure or time spent zones groups. showed durability, with less Monuments. These findings highlight functional (e.g., MMP, decay) associated finishes, though physiological mechanisms remain speculative. extends prior research by focusing on elite

Language: Английский

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Training Characteristics Related to (the Changes in) Durability in Semiprofessional Cyclists

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

To provide insights into a dose-response relationship between training and time-trial performance, as assessed in both "fresh" "fatigued" state (durability), including proposed underlying factors for durability: gross efficiency substrate oxidation (FatOx CarbOx). Ten male semiprofessional cyclists underwent performance test (after 38.6 [4.6] kJ·kg-1) before after an 8-week period, containing the measurement of efficiency, FatOx, CarbOx at submaximal intensity maximal time trials 1 (PO1) 10 minutes (PO10). Relationships were with session rating perceived exertion, kilojoules spent, Lucia impulse, Training Stress Score, polarization index, spent 3 zones intervening period. No significant was found higher load on PO1 PO10, large variation training-load measures individual participants. However, showed strong correlation volume below first-lactate-threshold state. Also, change tests different trends compared state, especially FatOx CarbOx. The fact that no clear relationships dose (training) response (time-trial performance) shown this study indicates single measure is not able to predict improvements current shows same can have effect versus having implications design plans.

Language: Английский

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Coupling heart rate and power data in professional road cycling: Shorter heart rate response indicate better 10-min time trial power output

Journal of Sports Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 8

Published: March 27, 2025

The aim of our study is to investigate whether coupling power output (PO) and heart rate (HR) data semi-professional road cyclists collected in the field helpful for optimising training process. Therefore, HR PO during all cycling activities were from 23 2 years. Weekly cyclist-specific response times (recovery, delay maximal time) extracted models connecting PO. Linear regression was performed between performance, defined as mean a 1- 10-min indoor time trial (TT) under controlled circumstances, weekly times. No significant correlations found 1-min TT In contrast, obtained recovery (r = -0.74, p < 0.01), -0.70, 0.01) -0.48, 0.03). Moreover, linear relationships -0.68, or -0.61, 0.02) within 14 days lab test. This suggests that are important physiological characteristics related cyclists.

Language: Английский

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The Relationship Between Training Load and Acute Performance Decrements Following Different Types of Training Sessions in Well-Trained Runners

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Purpose : This study investigated the relationship between training-load (TL) metrics and acute performance decrement (APD) measured immediately after 4 training sessions performed by well-trained runners. Methods On a treadmill, 12 runners (10 men 2 women) an incremental test, baseline time-to-exhaustion (TTE) test at maximal aerobic speed, randomized followed TTE to measure APD. The were matched for external load (60 arbitrary units) but differed in time spent 3 intensity domains. TL used based on impulse, heart-rate variability, ratings of perceived exertion, NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) rating scale. Results was significantly shorter all compared with ( P < .001). While APD higher (+16%, = .035) long-duration high-intensity (HIT long ) low-intensity (LIT), most showed values .001) LIT than HIT . Conversely, NASA-TLX associated .001, β 0.54). Physiological parameters that less above 90% O max during other .01), while average respiratory frequency mean exchange ratio .01). Conclusion observed running sessions, it not metrics. Only APD, suggesting this metric could be leveraged monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Durability in Youth Squad Triathletes—Influence of Strenuous Cycling on Subsequent Running Performance, Economy, and Substrate Utilization

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate oxygen/energy cost (OC/EC) of running and substrate utilization before after strenuous cycling in well-trained junior triathletes the relevance changes these variables for fatigued performance. Methods Nineteen squad (4 female, 15 male; 17.2 [1.8] y; maximal oxygen uptake ( ) 61.4 [5.1] mL·kg −1 ·min completed 3 submaximal steps (2.8 m·s , +0.4 5 min) under fresh conditions, followed by an incremental test (∼2 W·kg +20 W, exhaustion. Afterward, they performed another exhaustion conditions OC, time-to-exhaustion assessment. During both runs, EC, carbohydrate/fat oxidation (CHO/FO) were assessed. Results Contrary trivial/small average OC (210 [15] 209 [14] ·km P = .71) EC (4.75 [0.33] 4.59 [0.29] kJ·kg .02), CHO decreased (2.96 [0.68] 2.08 g·min while FO increased (0.15 [0.13] 0.48 [0.22] significantly from < .001). Besides r .68, .002), –.60, .01) .67, .003) correlated with time (1715 [172] s). Multiple regression commonality analysis identified change as best model R 2 88%). Conclusion Despite OC/EC running, a pronounced shift was evident triathletes, which also associated

Language: Английский

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