Magnetically steerable bacterial microrobots moving in 3D biological matrices for stimuli-responsive cargo delivery

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(28)

Published: July 15, 2022

Bacterial biohybrids, composed of self-propelling bacteria carrying micro/nanoscale materials, can deliver their payload to specific regions under magnetic control, enabling additional frontiers in minimally invasive medicine. However, current bacterial biohybrid designs lack high-throughput and facile construction with favorable cargoes, thus underperforming terms propulsion, efficiency, tissue penetration, spatiotemporal operation. Here, we report magnetically controlled biohybrids for targeted localization multistimuli-responsive drug release three-dimensional (3D) biological matrices. Magnetic nanoparticles nanoliposomes loaded photothermal agents chemotherapeutic molecules were integrated onto Escherichia coli ~90% efficiency. outperforming previously reported E. –based microrobots, retained original motility able navigate through matrices colonize tumor spheroids fields on-demand the by near-infrared stimulus. Our work provides a multifunctional microrobotic platform guided locomotion 3D networks stimuli-responsive delivery therapeutics diverse medical applications.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Contrast-Enhanced Photoacoustic Imaging: Overcoming the Physical and Practical Challenges

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(11), P. 7379 - 7419

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

For decades now, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has been investigated to realize its potential as a niche biomedical modality. Despite highly desirable optical contrast and ultrasonic spatiotemporal resolution, PAI is challenged by such physical limitations low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), diminished image due strong attenuation, lower-bound on spatial resolution in deep tissue. In addition, contrast-enhanced faced practical insufficient cell-specific targeting delivery efficiency difficulties developing clinically translatable agents. Identifying these essential the continuing expansion of field, substantial advances contrast-enhancing agents, complemented high-performance acquisition systems, have synergistically dealt with challenges conventional PAI. This review covers past four years research pushing terms SNR/contrast, targeted delivery, clinical application. Promising strategies for dealing each challenge are reviewed detail, future directions next generation discussed.

Language: Английский

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Autonomous metal-organic framework nanorobots for active mitochondria-targeted cancer therapy

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(23)

Published: June 9, 2023

Nanorobotic manipulation to access subcellular organelles remains unmet due the challenge in achieving intracellular controlled propulsion. Intracellular organelles, such as mitochondria, are an emerging therapeutic target with selective targeting and curative efficacy. We report autonomous nanorobot capable of active mitochondria-targeted drug delivery, prepared by facilely encapsulating mitochondriotropic doxorubicin-triphenylphosphonium (DOX-TPP) inside zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) nanoparticles. The catalytic ZIF-67 body can decompose bioavailable hydrogen peroxide overexpressed tumor cells generate effective movement presence TPP cation. This nanorobot-enhanced targeted delivery induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis mitochondrial dysregulation improve vitro anticancer effect suppression cancer cell metastasis, further verified vivo evaluations subcutaneous model orthotopic breast model. unlocks a fresh field operation organelle access, thereby introducing next generation robotic medical devices organelle-level resolution for precision therapy.

Language: Английский

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Ultrasound trapping and navigation of microrobots in the mouse brain vasculature

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

The intricate and delicate anatomy of the brain poses significant challenges for treatment cerebrovascular neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, precise local drug delivery in hard-to-reach regions remains an urgent medical need. Microrobots offer potential solutions; however, their functionality restricted by limited imaging capabilities complications within blood vessels, such as high flows, osmotic pressures, cellular responses. Here, we introduce ultrasound-activated microrobots vivo navigation vasculature. Our consist lipid-shelled microbubbles that autonomously aggregate propel under ultrasound irradiation. We investigate capacities vitro microfluidic-based vasculatures vessels a living mouse brain. These self-assemble execute upstream motion vasculature, achieving velocities up to 1.5 µm/s moving against flows ~10 mm/s. This work represents substantial advance towards therapeutic application complex

Language: Английский

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Tracking and navigation of a microswarm under laser speckle contrast imaging for targeted delivery

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(87)

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Micro/nanorobotic swarms consisting of numerous tiny building blocks show great potential in biomedical applications because their collective active delivery ability, enhanced imaging contrast, and environment-adaptive capability. However, vivo real-time tracking micro/nanorobotic remain a challenge, considering the limited size spatial-temporal resolution current modalities. Here, we propose strategy that enables navigation microswarm stagnant flowing blood environments by using laser speckle contrast (LSCI), featuring full-field imaging, high temporal-spatial resolution, noninvasiveness. The change dynamic convection induced can be quantitatively investigated analyzing perfusion unit (PU) distribution, offering an alternative approach to investigate swarm behavior its interaction with various environments. Both surrounding environment were monitored imaged LSCI real time, images further analyzed for simultaneous complex vascular system. Moreover, our realized vivo, showing promising LSCI-guided

Language: Английский

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tPA-anchored nanorobots for in vivo arterial recanalization at submillimeter-scale segments

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(5)

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Micro/nanorobots provide a promising approach for intravascular therapy with high precision. However, blood vessel is highly complex system, and performing interventional in those submillimeter segments remains challenging. While micro/nanorobots can enter segments, they may still comprise nonbiodegradable parts, posing considerable challenge post-use removal. Here, we developed retrievable magnetic colloidal microswarm, composed of tPA-anchored Fe

Language: Английский

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Biohybrid microrobots locally and actively deliver drug-loaded nanoparticles to inhibit the progression of lung metastasis

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(24)

Published: June 12, 2024

Lung metastasis poses a formidable challenge in the realm of cancer treatment, with conventional chemotherapy often falling short due to limited targeting and low accumulation lungs. Here, we show microrobot approach using motile algae for localized delivery drug-loaded nanoparticles address lung challenges. The biohybrid [denoted “algae-NP(DOX)-robot”] combines green microalgae red blood cell membrane–coated containing doxorubicin, representative chemotherapeutic drug. Microalgae provide autonomous propulsion lungs, leveraging controlled drug release enhanced dispersion exert antimetastatic effects. Upon intratracheal administration, algae-NP(DOX)-robots efficiently transport their payload deep into lungs while maintaining continuous motility. This strategy leads rapid distribution, improved tissue accumulation, prolonged retention compared passive free controls. In melanoma model, exhibit substantial improvement therapeutic efficacy, reducing metastatic burden extending survival control groups.

Language: Английский

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Janus microparticles-based targeted and spatially-controlled piezoelectric neural stimulation via low-intensity focused ultrasound

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 5, 2024

Abstract Electrical stimulation is a fundamental tool in studying neural circuits, treating neurological diseases, and advancing regenerative medicine. Injectable, free-standing piezoelectric particle systems have emerged as non-genetic wireless alternatives for electrode-based tethered systems. However, achieving cell-specific high-frequency remains challenging due to high-intensity thresholds, non-specific diffusion, internalization of particles. Here, we develop cell-sized 20 μm-diameter silica-based magnetic Janus microparticles (PEMPs), enabling clinically-relevant primary neurons under low-intensity focused ultrasound. Owing its functionally anisotropic design, half the PEMP acts electrode via conjugated barium titanate nanoparticles induce electrical stimulation, while nickel-gold nanofilm-coated provides spatial orientational control on external uniform rotating fields. Furthermore, surface functionalization with targeting antibodies enables binding/targeting dopaminergic neurons. Taking advantage such functionalities, design offers unique features towards minimally invasive treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

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Nano-/Microrobots for Environmental Remediation in the Eyes of Nanoarchitectonics:

Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Nano-/microrobots have been demonstrated as an efficient solution for environmental remediation. Their strength lies in their propulsion abilities that allow active “on-the-fly” operation, such pollutant detection, capture, transport, degradation, and disruption. Another advantage is versatility, which allows the engineering of highly functional solutions a specific application. However, latter can bring complexity to applications; versatility dimensionality, morphology, materials, surface decorations, other modifications has crucial effect on resulting abilities, compatibility with environment, overall functionality. Synergy between decorations its projection functionality object nanoarchitectonics. Here, we scrutinize nano-/microrobots eyes nanoarchitectonics: list general concepts help assess synergy limitations individual procedures fabrication processes operation at macroscale. The nanoarchitectonics approached from microscopic level, focusing dimensionality through nanoscopic evaluating influence decoration nanoparticles quantum dots, moving molecular single-atomic level very fine tuning presented review aims lay provide overview advanced nano-/microrobot remediation beyond.

Language: Английский

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Multifunctional 3D‐Printed Pollen Grain‐Inspired Hydrogel Microrobots for On‐Demand Anchoring and Cargo Delivery

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(10)

Published: Dec. 31, 2022

While a majority of wireless microrobots have shown multi-responsiveness to implement complex biomedical functions, their functional executions are strongly dependent on the range stimulus inputs, which curtails diversity. Furthermore, responsive functions coupled each other, results in overlap task operations. Here, 3D-printed multifunctional microrobot inspired by pollen grains with three hydrogel components is demonstrated: iron platinum (FePt) nanoparticle-embedded pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), poly N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAM), and acrylic acid (pNIPAM-AAc) structures. Each these structures exhibits respective targeted functions: responding magnetic fields for torque-driven surface rolling steering, exhibiting temperature responsiveness on-demand attachment (anchoring), pH-responsive cargo release. The versatile grain-inspired robots conceptualized here pave way various future medical improve projected performance

Language: Английский

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