Multi‐Physical Lattice Metamaterials Enabled by Additive Manufacturing: Design Principles, Interaction Mechanisms, and Multifunctional Applications

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Abstract Lattice metamaterials emerge as advanced architected materials with superior physical properties and significant potential for lightweight applications. Recent developments in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques facilitate the of lattice intricate microarchitectures promote their applications multi‐physical scenarios. Previous reviews on have largely focused a specific/single field, limited discussion properties, interaction mechanisms, multifunctional Accordingly, this article critically design principles, structure‐mechanism‐property relationships, enabled by AM techniques. First, are categorized into homogeneous lattices, inhomogeneous other forms, whose principles processes discussed, including benefits drawbacks different fabricating types lattices. Subsequently, structure–mechanism–property relationships mechanisms range fields, mechanical, acoustic, electromagnetic/optical, thermal disciplines, summarized to reveal critical principles. Moreover, metamaterials, such sound absorbers, insulators, manipulators, sensors, actuators, soft robots, management, invisible cloaks, biomedical implants, enumerated. These provide effective guidelines

Language: Английский

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Nano-/Microrobots for Environmental Remediation in the Eyes of Nanoarchitectonics:

Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Nano-/microrobots have been demonstrated as an efficient solution for environmental remediation. Their strength lies in their propulsion abilities that allow active “on-the-fly” operation, such pollutant detection, capture, transport, degradation, and disruption. Another advantage is versatility, which allows the engineering of highly functional solutions a specific application. However, latter can bring complexity to applications; versatility dimensionality, morphology, materials, surface decorations, other modifications has crucial effect on resulting abilities, compatibility with environment, overall functionality. Synergy between decorations its projection functionality object nanoarchitectonics. Here, we scrutinize nano-/microrobots eyes nanoarchitectonics: list general concepts help assess synergy limitations individual procedures fabrication processes operation at macroscale. The nanoarchitectonics approached from microscopic level, focusing dimensionality through nanoscopic evaluating influence decoration nanoparticles quantum dots, moving molecular single-atomic level very fine tuning presented review aims lay provide overview advanced nano-/microrobot remediation beyond.

Language: Английский

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AI-enhanced biomedical micro/nanorobots in microfluidics

Lab on a Chip, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 1419 - 1440

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Although developed independently at the beginning, AI, micro/nanorobots and microfluidics have become more intertwined in past few years which has greatly propelled cutting-edge development fields of biomedical sciences.

Language: Английский

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SonoTransformers: Transformable acoustically activated wireless microscale machines

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(6)

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Shape transformation, a key mechanism for organismal survival and adaptation, has gained importance in developing synthetic shape-shifting systems with diverse applications ranging from robotics to bioengineering. However, designing controlling microscale materials remains fundamental challenge various actuation modalities. As structures are scaled down the microscale, they often exhibit size-dependent characteristics, underlying physical mechanisms can be significantly affected or rendered ineffective. Additionally, surface forces such as van der Waals electrostatic become dominant at resulting stiction adhesion between small structures, making them fracture more difficult deform. Furthermore, despite approaches, acoustics have received limited attention their potential advantages. Here, we introduce “SonoTransformer,” acoustically activated micromachine that delivers shape transformability using preprogrammed soft hinges different stiffnesses. When exposed an acoustic field, these concentrate sound energy through intensified oscillation provide necessary force torque transformation of entire within milliseconds. We created machine designs predetermine folding state, enabling precise programming customization transformation. shown selective transformable microrobots by adjusting power, realizing high degrees control functional versatility. Our findings open new research avenues acoustics, physics, matter, offering design paradigms development opportunities robotics, metamaterials, adaptive optics, flexible electronics, microtechnology.

Language: Английский

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SonoPrint: Acoustically Assisted Volumetric 3D Printing for Composites

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 25, 2024

Advances in additive manufacturing composites have transformed aerospace, medical devices, tissue engineering, and electronics. A key aspect of enhancing properties 3D-printed objects involves fine-tuning the material by embedding orienting reinforcement within structure. Existing methods for these reinforcements are limited pattern types, alignment, particle characteristics. Acoustics offers a versatile method to control particles independent their size, geometry, charge, enabling intricate formations. However, integrating acoustics into 3D printing has been challenging due scattering acoustic field between polymerized layers unpolymerized resin, resulting unwanted patterns. To address this challenge, SonoPrint, an innovative acoustically assisted volumetric printer is developed that enables simultaneous patterning entire SonoPrint generates mechanically tunable composite geometries particles, such as microscopic glass, metal, polystyrene, fabricated This employs standing wave create targeted motifs-including parallel lines, radial circles, rhombuses, hexagons, polygons-directly photosensitive completing print just few minutes. enhances structural promises advance printing, unlocking applications biohybrid robots, fabrication.

Language: Английский

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Optoelectronically navigated nano-kirigami microrotors

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(17)

Published: April 24, 2024

With the rapid development of micro/nanofabrication technologies, concept transformable kirigami has been applied for device fabrication in microscopic world. However, most nano-kirigami structures and devices were typically fabricated or transformed at fixed positions restricted to limited mechanical motion along a single axis due their small sizes, which significantly limits functionalities applications. Here, we demonstrate precise shaping position control microrotors. Metallic microrotors with size ~10 micrometers deliberately released from substrates readily manipulated through multimode actuation controllable speed direction using an advanced optoelectronic tweezers technique. The underlying mechanisms versatile interactions between electric field are uncovered by theoretical modeling systematic analysis. This work reports novel methodology fabricate manipulate micro/nanorotors well-designed sophisticated morphologies, providing new solutions future micro/nanomachinery.

Language: Английский

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Design, Control, and Clinical Applications of Magnetic Actuation Systems: Challenges and Opportunities

Advanced Intelligent Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 11, 2024

The enhancement of medical services relies significantly on engineering research. Magnetic actuation systems (MASs) are designed to be safe for biomedical applications and offer long‐distance dynamic control capabilities, rendering them highly favorable clinical applications. integration MASs with sophisticated perception positioning methods enhances their suitability Achieving this goal hinges the development methods; thus, a comprehensive review current technical scientific issues is indispensable addressing related challenges. This encompasses both classical state‐of‐the‐art research, providing readers thorough understanding intricacies involved in MAS design, system methods, applications, guidance toward next phase exploration. In addition, detailed illustration underlying principles magnetic method provided, which helps delineate design principles. A analysis potential hard‐to‐reach environments inside human body provides interdisciplinary researchers. Challenges opportunities associated application summarized inspire researchers stimulate innovative explorations. Finally, concludes that sustained research field has yield groundbreaking advancements capable revolutionizing modern medicine.

Language: Английский

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Multiorifice acoustic microrobot for boundary-free multimodal 3D swimming

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(4)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

The emerging new generation of small-scaled acoustic microrobots is poised to expedite the adoption microrobotics in biomedical research. Recent designs these have enabled intricate bioinspired motions, paving way for their real-world applications. We present a multiorifice design air-filled spherical that convert wave energy efficient propulsion through resonant encapsulated microbubble. These can swim boundary-free three-dimensional (3D) space while switching between various frequency-dependent locomotion modes. explore dynamics with diameters ranging from 10 μm 100 μm, focusing on 3D swimming and multimodal response stimuli below 1 MHz. Further, we elucidate microrobots, featuring single cavity, which contributes complex streaming facilitates swift, unrestricted movements. Finally, demonstrate incorporating additional nickel gold layers significantly enhances steering visibility optoacoustic ultrasound imaging, enabling development next healthcare

Language: Английский

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Magnetic Micro/nanorobots in Cancer Theranostics: From Designed Fabrication to Diverse Applications

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Cancer poses a substantial threat and serious challenge to public human health, driving the promotion of sophisticated technologies for cancer therapy. While conventional chemotherapy has bottlenecks such as low delivery efficiency, strong toxic side effects, tumor enrichment barriers, magnetic micro/nanorobots (MNRs) emerge promising therapeutic candidates that provide alternative strategies MNR is kind human-made machine micro- or nanosized, reasonably designed, performs command tasks through self-actuated externally controlled propulsion mechanisms, which can be potentially applied in theranostics. Here, this review first introduces components constitute typical MNR, including body part, control function sensing part. Subsequently, elucidates representative fabrication methods construct MNRs from top-down approaches bottom-up approaches, covering injection molding, self-rolling, melt electrospinning writing, deposition, biotemplate method, lithography, assembling, 3D printing, chemical synthesis. Furthermore, focuses on multiple applications facing diagnosis treatment, encompassing imaging, quantification, drug release, synergy with therapies, cell manipulation, surgical assistance. Then, systematically elaborates biocompatibility biosafety MNRs. Finally, challenges faced by are discussed alongside future research directions. This intended scientific guidance may improve comprehension cognition theranostics platform MNRs, promoting prospering practical application development

Language: Английский

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Octopus-crawling-inspired highly agile miniature piezoelectric robot with strong load-bearing capacity

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110130 - 110130

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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