Immune activation and immune-associated neurotoxicity in Long-COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 103 studies comprising 58 cytokines/chemokines/growth factors

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 75 - 94

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 cardiovascular symptoms are associated with trace-level cytokines that affect cardiomyocyte function

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Characteristics and long-term health outcomes of the first domestic COVID-19 outbreak cases in Da Nang, Vietnam: a longitudinal cohort study

Tropical Medicine and Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Abstract Background Vietnam experienced the first COVID-19 domestic outbreak due to Wuhan strain (B.1.1) in Da Nang from July 2020. can cause acute as well long-term health problems. We aimed characterise clinical features and risk factors related severe illness of among cases describe outcomes survivors this outbreak. Methods conducted an ambidirectional cohort study. Study subjects were all hospitalised with positive real-time PCR test SARS-CoV-2 three major hospitals 25 28 August Clinical demographic information was retrospectively collected medical charts. Then, followed-up prospectively at 6 16 months after infection assess their status via standardized questionnaires, physical examinations, chest X-rays pulmonary function tests. Results A total 362 including 20 fatal enrolled into study retrospectively. The median age participants included chart review 46.5 years 60.8% female. Overall, 7.8% required respiratory support during hospitalisation them died. Compared survivors, significantly older (median 45.0 yr vs 66.5 yr, P < 0.001) more likely have underlying conditions. proportions who had least one long COVID symptom within 7 days each follow-up 72.0% (134/186) 63.5% (47/74), respectively. also found that females adults reported symptoms often surveys, 78.9% (90/114) [females] 61.1% (44/72) [males] months, = 0.008; 68.7% (46/67) [ $$\ge$$ ≥ years] 14.3% (1/7) $$[<$$ [ < 0.004. Conclusions In Vietnam, mortality rate approximately 6% associated a substantial proportion problems, although prevalence declined over time. Females often, which might be pathophysiological differences according sex age.

Language: Английский

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Immunological and clinical markers of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: Insights from mild and severe cases six months post-infection

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

SUMMARY Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is a complex and multifaceted clinical challenge requiring to emphasize its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. This study assessed hundreds virological, serological, immunological, tissue damage biomarkers in two patient cohorts who experienced mild (n=270) or severe (n=188) COVID-19, 6 9 months post-initial infection, which 40% 57.4% patients, respectively, developed PASC. Blood analysis showed that mains differences observed humoral, viral, biological were associated with the initial severity, rather than being specifically linked However, patients PASC displayed altered CD4 + CD8 memory T-cell subsets, higher cytokine-secreting cells increased terminally differentiated CD45RA effector T (TEMRA). Elevated SARS-CoV-2-specific responsive nucleocapsid/membrane proteins TEMRA phenotype also observed. A random forest model identified these features symptom duration as top variables discriminating PASC, achieving over 80% classification accuracy. Highlights Nine SARS-CoV-2 Regardless disease form influenced main immune led subsets elevated presence form, count

Language: Английский

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The interplay of tuberculosis and COVID-19: Insights into global health challenges

Journal of Biosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Animal models of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: a call for longitudinal animal studies

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Animal models are indispensable for unraveling the mechanisms underlying post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). This review evaluates recent research on PASC-related perturbations in animal models, drawing comparisons with clinical findings. Despite limited number studies post-COVID conditions, particularly those extending beyond three months, these provide valuable insights. Three hallmark features PASC-lung fibrosis, hyperglycemia, and neurological sequelae-have been successfully replicated paving way mechanistic discoveries future medical interventions. Although most have reported conditions within 14-60 days post-infection, they still offer critical reference long-term research. also explores potential persisting immune misfiring, a key factor chronicity PASC symptoms. Moreover, challenges modeling discussed, including genetic diversity inbred strains difficulties accurately identifying PASC-affected individuals. To address issues, we propose methodological improvements, such as comparing individual parameters control averages incorporating genetically diverse populations like collaborative cross models. These strategies will enhance identification characterization endotypes studies. By integrating findings from manifestations PASC, can more insights into its support development effective therapeutic strategies. Finally, emphasize urgent need longitudinal to fully uncover driving guide interventions mitigate public health impact.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: current research and future directions

Infectious Diseases & Immunity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Abstract Long coronavirus disease (COVID) is defined as the continuation or development of new symptoms three months after severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and that last for at least two months, with no other explanation their cause. This includes various clinical manifestations affect multiple organ systems, such complications in respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, musculoskeletal systems. The most commonly reported include fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, dyspnea, chest pain; however, prevalence severity these vary greatly among individuals. underlying mechanisms long COVID are complex multifaceted, encompassing viral persistence, immune system mitochondrial abnormalities, endothelial impairment, alterations microbiome. Further, has imposed a significant burden on individuals, healthcare economy by impairing an individual’s quality life functional capacity, thereby increasing costs demand care rehabilitation services. review summarizes definition, phenotypes, mechanisms, current treatment advancements highlights specific research directions future investigation.

Language: Английский

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Leukocyte telomere length and telomerase activity in Long COVID patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 120

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the new coronavirus 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome - SARS-CoV-2). Long COVID a condition associated with persistent COVID-19 symptoms and/or emerging symptoms. Telomeres are specialised structures for genome protection at end of chromosomes and telomerase enzyme that synthesises telomere DNA. Patients were recruited Pedro Ernesto University Hospital (HUPE) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, main purpose investigating association between length COVID. Leukocyte (LTL) was determined quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) 34 patients compared to control group (n = 122). Telomerase activity qPCR assays using commercial kit from ScienCell. A questionnaire on symptoms, vaccine doses blood count completed. The found have an increase LTL. also examined smaller number be reactivated blood. It will necessary conduct further studies monitor determine if future health issues could linked elongated telomeres.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 post-acute sequelae linked to inflammation via extracellular vesicles

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 16, 2025

Background Despite the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in reducing mortality and severe cases COVID-19, a proportion survivors experience long-term symptoms, known as post-acute sequelae infection (PASC). This study investigates immunological neurodegenerative effects associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) COVID-19 survivors, 15 months after infection. Methods 13 Controls 20 infection, were recruited. Pro-inflammatory cytokines analyzed both plasma EVs. A deep-immunophenotyping monocytes, T-cells dendritic cells (DCs) was performed, along immunostainings colon. Results Higher concentrations pro-inflammatory neurofilaments found EVs but not from survivors. Additionally, participants exhibited altered monocyte activation markers elevated cytokine production upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Increased CD4+ decreased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression DCs observed participants. Furthermore, amount plasmacytoid DCs9 expressing β7-integrin higher potentially viral persistence Conclusions exhibit immune dysregulation neurodegeneration, emphasizing need for ongoing monitoring PASC. The cargo can be promising tool early detection virus-induced neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

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A web questionnaire-based survey on post-COVID-19 condition for infectious disease specialists in Japan

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102720 - 102720

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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