Engineering the plant intracellular immune receptor Sr50 to restore recognition of the AvrSr50 escape mutant DOI Creative Commons
Kyungyong Seong,

Wei Wei,

Brandon Vega

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Abstract Sr50, an intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR), confers resistance of wheat against stem rust caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici . The recognizes effector AvrSr50 through its C-terminal domain, initiating a localized cell death immune response. However, this immunity is compromised mutations in effector, as escape mutant QCMJC , which evades Sr50 detection. In study, we employed iterative computational structural analyses and site-directed mutagenesis for rational engineering to gain recognition Following initial hypothesis driven molecular docking, identified K711D single mutant, induces intermediate response without losing AvrSr50. Increasing gene expression with stronger promoter enabled elicit robust response, indicating weak can be complemented enhanced expression. Further refinements led creation five double mutants two triple dual greater intensities than mutant. All effective required substitution, that multiple solutions exist recognition, but path reach these may confined. Furthermore, substitution alters prediction AlphaFold 2, allowing it model complex structure match our final hypothesis. Collectively, study outlines framework NLR systems overcome provides datasets future models resurrection.

Language: Английский

Activation of the helper NRC4 immune receptor forms a hexameric resistosome DOI
Furong Liu, Zhenlin Yang, Chao Wang

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(18), P. 4877 - 4889.e15

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

19
A cell wall-associated kinase phosphorylates NLR immune receptor to negatively regulate resistosome formation DOI
Chenchen Zhong, Wenli Li, Xinyu Zhang

et al.

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Assembly and functional mechanisms of plant NLR resistosomes DOI
Shijia Huang, Ertong Li, Fangshuai Jia

et al.

Current Opinion in Structural Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 90, P. 102977 - 102977

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10CG DOI Creative Commons
Nan Wu,

Wanqing Jiang,

Zhaoxia Xiang

et al.

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 278 - 278

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Plant immunity is largely governed by nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR). Here, we examine the molecular activation and inhibition mechanisms of wheat CC-type NLR Yr10CG, a previously proposed candidate for Yr10 resistance gene. Though recent studies have identified YrNAM as true gene, Yr10CG remains an important in understanding NLR-mediated wheat. In this study, found that overexpression either full-length or its CC domain Nicotiana benthamiana did not trigger cell death, suggesting robust autoinhibitory mechanism within Yr10CG. However, observed mutations conserved MHD motif, specifically D502G, activated induced death. Structural modeling indicated mutation disrupted key interactions promoting local flexibility activation. We further explored effector recognition potential creating chimeric proteins with Sr50 domains, revealing both NB-ARC LRR domains are necessary recognition, while likely functions downstream immune signaling. Additionally, disrupting membrane localization through L11E abolished self-activation, requirement association Our findings contribute to CC-NLR autoinhibition mechanisms, highlighting engineering crop improvement.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A hierarchical immune receptor network in lettuce reveals contrasting patterns of evolution in sensor and helper NLRs DOI Creative Commons
Hsuan Pai, Toshiyuki Sakai, Andrés Posbeyikian

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

ABSTRACT Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) are known for their rapid evolution, even at the intraspecific level, yet rates of evolution differ significantly across various NLR classes. Within NRC (NLR Required Cell Death) network, NLRs operate in complex sensor-helper configurations to confer immunity against a diverse array pathogens, particularly Asterids. While helper typically conserved evolve slowly, sensor tend more rapidly. However, functional connections between slow fast-evolving remain poorly understood, notably important crop species. We conducted comparative analysis 40 Solanales 29 Asterales genomes explore network expansion diversification within less-studied order. Our findings reveal that has expanded less compared Solanales. functionally validated minimal with 2 helpers 9 sensors common lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ). Through selection structural modeling subclades genus, we found varying evolutionary sensors. correlation dependency, reliant on phylogenetically experiencing limited pressure. results highlight lineage- function-specific offering insights into pressures shaping plant receptor networks.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Helper NLR immune protein NRC3 evolved to evade inhibition by a cyst nematode virulence effector DOI Creative Commons
Yu Sugihara, Jiorgos Kourelis, Mauricio P. Contreras

et al.

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. e1011653 - e1011653

Published: April 9, 2025

Parasites can counteract host immunity by suppressing nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins that function as immune receptors. We previously showed a cyst nematode virulence effector SPRYSEC15 (SS15) binds inhibits oligomerisation of helper NLR in the expanded NRC1/2/3 clade preventing intramolecular rearrangements required for NRC into an activated resistosome. Here we examined degree to which from multiple Solanaceae species are sensitive suppression SS15 tested hypotheses about adaptive evolution interface between inhibitor proteins. Whereas all orthologs NRC2 were inhibited SS15, some natural variants NRC1 NRC3 insensitive suppression. Ancestral sequence reconstruction combined with functional assays revealed transitioned ancestral suppressed form one over 19 million years ago. Our analyses evolutionary trajectory receptor against parasite inhibitor, identifying key transitions NLRs this inhibition. This work reveals distinct type gene-for-gene interaction or pathogen immunosuppressors receptors contrasts coevolution AVR effectors

Language: Английский

Citations

0
AlphaFold3: An Overview of Applications and Performance Insights DOI Open Access
Marios G. Krokidis, Dimitrios E. Koumadorakis, Konstantinos Lazaros

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3671 - 3671

Published: April 13, 2025

AlphaFold3, the latest release of AlphaFold developed by Google DeepMind and Isomorphic Labs, was designed to predict protein structures with remarkable accuracy. AlphaFold3 enhances our ability model not only single but also complex biomolecular interactions, including protein–protein protein–ligand docking, protein-nucleic acid complexes. Herein, we provide a detailed examination AlphaFold3’s capabilities, emphasizing its applications across diverse biological fields effectiveness in systems. The strengths new AI are highlighted, dynamic systems, multi-chain assemblies, complicated complexes that were previously challenging depict. We explore role advancing drug discovery, epitope prediction, study disease-related mutations. Despite significant improvements, present review addresses ongoing obstacles, particularly modeling disordered regions, alternative folds, multi-state conformations. limitations future directions discussed as well, an emphasis on potential integration experimental techniques further refine predictions. Lastly, work underscores transformative contribution computational biology, providing insights into molecular interactions revolutionizing accelerated design genomic research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Recognition-Dependent Activation of the Rrs1/Rps4 Immune Receptor Complex DOI
Heekyung Ahn, Guanghao Guo, Jan Sklenář

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
NLRs in plant immunity: Structural insights and molecular mechanisms DOI Creative Commons

Qihai Gu,

Shasha Liu, Zuhua He

et al.

Crop Design, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100103 - 100103

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Engineering the plant intracellular immune receptor Sr50 to restore recognition of the AvrSr50 escape mutant DOI Creative Commons
Kyungyong Seong,

Wei Wei,

Brandon Vega

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Abstract Sr50, an intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR), confers resistance of wheat against stem rust caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici . The recognizes effector AvrSr50 through its C-terminal domain, initiating a localized cell death immune response. However, this immunity is compromised mutations in effector, as escape mutant QCMJC , which evades Sr50 detection. In study, we employed iterative computational structural analyses and site-directed mutagenesis for rational engineering to gain recognition Following initial hypothesis driven molecular docking, identified K711D single mutant, induces intermediate response without losing AvrSr50. Increasing gene expression with stronger promoter enabled elicit robust response, indicating weak can be complemented enhanced expression. Further refinements led creation five double mutants two triple dual greater intensities than mutant. All effective required substitution, that multiple solutions exist recognition, but path reach these may confined. Furthermore, substitution alters prediction AlphaFold 2, allowing it model complex structure match our final hypothesis. Collectively, study outlines framework NLR systems overcome provides datasets future models resurrection.

Language: Английский

Citations

3