Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
374(6566)
Published: Oct. 22, 2021
The
impacts
of
marine
heatwaves
Extreme
warming
events
in
the
world’s
oceans
are
becoming
more
widespread
and
frequent;
8
10
most
severe
recorded
have
taken
place
past
decade.
Smith
et
al
.
review
how
these
severely
altering
ecosystem
service
provision,
with
socioeconomic
impacts.
Heatwave
effects,
including
range
shifts
mass
mortality
species
harmful
algal
blooms,
knock-on
economic
consequences
that
already
run
into
billions
US
dollars.
As
well
as
reviewing
events,
authors
discuss
mitigation
adaptation
measures
needed
to
alleviate
risks
damaging
—AMS
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
24(6), P. 2416 - 2433
Published: April 5, 2018
Abstract
Sustained
observations
of
marine
biodiversity
and
ecosystems
focused
on
specific
conservation
management
problems
are
needed
around
the
world
to
effectively
mitigate
or
manage
changes
resulting
from
anthropogenic
pressures.
These
observations,
while
complex
expensive,
required
by
international
scientific,
governance
policy
communities
provide
baselines
against
which
effects
human
pressures
climate
change
may
be
measured
reported,
resources
allocated
implement
solutions.
To
identify
biological
ecological
essential
ocean
variables
(
EOV
s)
for
implementation
within
a
global
observing
system
that
is
relevant
science,
informs
society,
technologically
feasible,
we
used
driver‐pressure‐state‐impact‐response
DPSIR
)
model.
We
(1)
examined
agreements
societal
drivers
ecosystems,
(2)
evaluated
temporal
spatial
scales
100+
programs,
(3)
analysed
impact
scalability
these
how
they
contribute
address
scientific
issues.
s
were
related
status
ecosystem
components
(phytoplankton
zooplankton
biomass
diversity,
abundance
distribution
fish,
turtles,
birds
mammals),
extent
health
(cover
composition
hard
coral,
seagrass,
mangrove
macroalgal
canopy).
Benthic
invertebrate
microbe
diversity
identified
as
emerging
developed
based
requirements
new
technologies.
The
scale
at
any
shifts
in
systems
will
detected
vary
across
s,
properties
being
monitored
length
existing
time‐series.
Global
deliver
useful
products
require
collaboration
sectors
significant
commitment
improve
infrastructure
capacity
globe,
including
development
new,
more
automated
technologies,
encouraging
application
standards
best
practices.
Scientific Data,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: April 19, 2022
Human
Footprint,
the
pressure
imposed
on
eco-environment
by
changing
ecological
processes
and
natural
landscapes,
is
raising
worldwide
concerns
biodiversity
conservation.
Due
to
lack
of
spatiotemporally
consistent
datasets
Footprint
over
a
long
temporal
span,
many
relevant
studies
this
topic
have
been
limited.
Here,
we
mapped
annual
dynamics
global
from
2000
2018
using
eight
variables
that
reflect
different
aspects
human
pressures.
The
accuracy
assessment
revealed
good
agreement
between
our
results
previously
developed
in
years.
We
found
more
than
two
million
km
Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
374(6566)
Published: Oct. 22, 2021
The
impacts
of
marine
heatwaves
Extreme
warming
events
in
the
world’s
oceans
are
becoming
more
widespread
and
frequent;
8
10
most
severe
recorded
have
taken
place
past
decade.
Smith
et
al
.
review
how
these
severely
altering
ecosystem
service
provision,
with
socioeconomic
impacts.
Heatwave
effects,
including
range
shifts
mass
mortality
species
harmful
algal
blooms,
knock-on
economic
consequences
that
already
run
into
billions
US
dollars.
As
well
as
reviewing
events,
authors
discuss
mitigation
adaptation
measures
needed
to
alleviate
risks
damaging
—AMS
