Conservation and the Genomics of Populations

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Abstract Loss of biodiversity is among the greatest problems facing world today. Conservation and Genomics Populations gives a comprehensive overview essential background, concepts, tools needed to understand how genetic information can be used conserve species threatened with extinction, manage ecological or commercial importance. New molecular techniques, statistical methods, computer programs, principles, methods are becoming increasingly useful in conservation biological diversity. Using balance data theory, coupled basic applied research examples, this book examines phenotypic variation natural populations, principles mechanisms evolutionary change, interpretation from these conservation. The includes examples plants, animals, microbes wild captive populations. This third edition has been thoroughly revised include advances genomics contains new chapters on population genomics, monitoring, genetics practice, as well sections climate emerging diseases, metagenomics, more. More than one-third references were published after previous edition. Each 24 Appendix end Guest Box written by an expert who provides example presented chapter their own work. for advanced undergraduate graduate students genetics, resource management, biology, professional biologists policy-makers working wildlife habitat management agencies. Much will also interest nonprofessionals curious about role

Language: Английский

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Landscape Genomics to Enable Conservation Actions: The California Conservation Genomics Project

Journal of Heredity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 113(6), P. 577 - 588

Published: April 8, 2022

Abstract The California Conservation Genomics Project (CCGP) is a unique, critically important step forward in the use of comprehensive landscape genetic data to modernize natural resource management at regional scale. We describe CCGP, including all aspects project administration, collection, current progress, and future challenges. CCGP will generate, analyze, curate single high-quality reference genome 100–150 resequenced genomes for each 153 species projects (representing 235 individual species) that span ecological phylogenetic breadth California’s marine, freshwater, terrestrial ecosystems. resulting portfolio roughly 20 000 be analyzed with identical informatic genomic pipelines, providing overview hotspots within-species diversity, potential realized corridors connecting these hotspots, regions reduced diversity requiring rescue, distribution variation critical rapid climate adaptation. After 2 years concerted effort, full funding ($12M USD) has been secured, identified, funds distributed 68 laboratories 114 investigators drawn from 10 University campuses. remaining phases include completion collection analyses, delivery inferences state federal regulatory agencies help stabilize declines. aspirational goals are identify geographic long-term preservation biodiversity, prioritize those based on defensible criteria, provide foundational knowledge informs strategies both ecosystem levels.

Language: Английский

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Space‐for‐time substitutions in climate change ecology and evolution

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(6), P. 2243 - 2270

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

ABSTRACT In an epoch of rapid environmental change, understanding and predicting how biodiversity will respond to a changing climate is urgent challenge. Since we seldom have sufficient long‐term biological data use the past anticipate future, spatial climate–biotic relationships are often used as proxy for biotic responses change over time. These ‘space‐for‐time substitutions’ (SFTS) become near ubiquitous in global biology, but with different subfields largely developing methods isolation. We review climate‐focussed SFTS four ecology evolution, each focussed on type variable – population phenotypes, genotypes, species' distributions, ecological communities. then examine similarities differences between terms methods, limitations opportunities. While wide range applications, two main approaches applied across subfields: situ gradient transplant experiments. find that share common relating ( i ) causality identified ii transferability these relationships, i.e. whether observed space equivalent those occurring Moreover, despite widespread application research, key assumptions remain untested. highlight opportunities enhance robustness by addressing limitations, particular emphasis where could be shared subfields.

Language: Английский

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Natural hybridization reduces vulnerability to climate change

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Abstract Under climate change, species unable to track their niche via range shifts are largely reliant on genetic variation adapt and persist. Genomic vulnerability predictions used identify populations that lack the necessary variation, particularly at climate-relevant genes. However, hybridization as a source of novel adaptive is typically ignored in genomic studies. We estimated environmental models for closely related rainbowfish ( Melanotaenia spp.) across an elevational gradient Australian Wet Tropics. Hybrid between widespread generalist several narrow endemic exhibited reduced projected climates compared pure endemics. Overlaps introgressed regions were consistent with signal introgression. Our findings highlight often-underappreciated conservation value hybrid indicate introgression may contribute evolutionary rescue ranges.

Language: Английский

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Genotype–environment associations to reveal the molecular basis of environmental adaptation

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 125 - 138

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

A fundamental goal in plant biology is to identify and understand the variation underlying plants' adaptation their environment. Climate change has given new urgency this goal, as society aims accelerate of ecologically important species, endangered crops hotter, less predictable climates. In pre-genomic era, identifying adaptive alleles was painstaking work, leveraging genetics, molecular biology, physiology, ecology. Now, rise genomics computational approaches may facilitate research. Genotype-environment associations (GEAs) use statistical between allele frequency environment origin test hypothesis that allelic at a gene adapted local environments. Researchers scan genome for GEAs generate hypotheses on genetic variants (environmental genome-wide association studies). Despite rapid adoption these methods, many questions remain about interpretation GEA findings, which arise from unanswered architecture limitations inherent association-based analyses. We outline strategies ground better GEA-generated using genetics ecophysiology. provide recommendations users who seek learn basis adaptation. When combined with rigorous testing framework, our understanding climate improvement.

Language: Английский

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