The gut–brain axis mediates sugar preference

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 580(7804), P. 511 - 516

Published: April 15, 2020

Language: Английский

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Deep posteromedial cortical rhythm in dissociation

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 586(7827), P. 87 - 94

Published: Sept. 16, 2020

Language: Английский

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Evolving Concepts of Emotion and Motivation

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 7, 2018

This review takes a historical perspective on concepts in the psychology of motivation and emotion, surveys recent developments, debates applications. Old over emotion have recently risen again. For example, are emotions necessarily subjective feelings? Do animals emotions? I evidence that exist as core psychological processes, which objectively detectable features, can occur either with feelings or without them. Evidence is offered also studies give new insights into human emotions. Beyond changed decades too, still continue. Motivation was once thought terms aversive drives, reward drive reduction. Motivation-as-drive were largely replaced by motivation-as-incentive concepts, yet occasionally surface neuroscience today. Among incentive salience process, mediated brain mesocorticolimbic systems (dopamine-related systems) sometimes called 'wanting' (in quotation marks), to distinguish it from cognitive forms desire (wanting marks). Incentive separable pleasure 'liking' for same reward, has important implications several clinical disorders. Ordinarily, adds motivational urgency desires, but desires dissociate some conditions. Excessive cause addictions, excessive diverge desires. Conversely, lack may anhedonia depression schizophrenia, whereas negatively-valenced form 'fearful salience' contribute paranoia. Finally, negative 'fear' 'disgust' both partial overlap neural differences.

Language: Английский

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The Versatile Tanycyte: A Hypothalamic Integrator of Reproduction and Energy Metabolism

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 39(3), P. 333 - 368

Published: Jan. 17, 2018

The fertility and survival of an individual rely on the ability periphery to promptly, effectively, reproducibly communicate with brain neural networks that control reproduction, food intake, energy homeostasis. Tanycytes, a specialized glial cell type lining wall third ventricle in median eminence hypothalamus, appear act as linchpin these processes by dynamically controlling secretion neuropeptides into portal vasculature hypothalamic neurons regulating blood-brain blood–cerebrospinal fluid exchanges, both depend cells adapt their morphology physiological state individual. In addition barrier properties, tanycytes possess sense blood glucose levels, play fundamental active role shuttling circulating metabolic signals intake. Moreover, accumulating data suggest that, keeping putative descent from radial cells, are endowed stem properties may respond dietary or reproductive cues modulating neurogenesis. Tanycytes could thus constitute missing link loop connecting behavior, hormonal changes, signal transduction, central neuronal activation and, finally, behavior again. this article, we will examine recent advances understanding tanycytic plasticity function hypothalamus underlying molecular mechanisms. We also discuss involvement therapeutic potential disorders.

Language: Английский

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Neurons that regulate mouse torpor

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 583(7814), P. 115 - 121

Published: June 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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Cardiogenic control of affective behavioural state

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 615(7951), P. 292 - 299

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract Emotional states influence bodily physiology, as exemplified in the top-down process by which anxiety causes faster beating of heart 1–3 . However, whether an increased rate might itself induce or fear responses is unclear 3–8 Physiological theories emotion, proposed over a century ago, have considered that general, there could be important and even dominant flow information from body to brain 9 Here, formally test this idea, we developed noninvasive optogenetic pacemaker for precise, cell-type-specific control cardiac rhythms up 900 beats per minute freely moving mice, enabled wearable micro-LED harness systemic viral delivery potent pump-like channelrhodopsin. We found optically evoked tachycardia potently enhanced anxiety-like behaviour, but crucially only risky contexts, indicating both central (brain) peripheral (body) processes may involved development emotional states. To identify potential mechanisms, used whole-brain activity screening electrophysiology find regions were activated imposed rhythms. identified posterior insular cortex mediator bottom-up interoceptive processing, inhibition region attenuated behaviour was induced optical pacing. Together, these findings reveal cells must together understand origins affective More broadly, our results define generalizable approach noninvasive, temporally precise functional investigations joint organism-wide interactions among targeted during behaviour.

Language: Английский

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Estimation of Current and Future Physiological States in Insular Cortex

Neuron, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 105(6), P. 1094 - 1111.e10

Published: Jan. 16, 2020

Language: Английский

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Dynamic salience processing in paraventricular thalamus gates associative learning

Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 362(6413), P. 423 - 429

Published: Oct. 26, 2018

A close view of the paraventricular thalamus The is a relay station connecting brainstem and hypothalamic signals that represent internal states with limbic forebrain performs associative functions in emotional contexts. Zhu et al. found thalamic neurons multiple salient features sensory stimuli, including reward, aversiveness, novelty, surprise. nucleus thus provides context-dependent salience encoding. gates information contributes to sleep-wake cycle through its interactions cerebral cortex. Ren recorded from observed both population single-neuron activity were tightly coupled wakefulness. Science , this issue p. 423 429

Language: Английский

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A subcortical excitatory circuit for sensory-triggered predatory hunting in mice

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 909 - 920

Published: May 24, 2019

Language: Английский

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The emergence and influence of internal states

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(16), P. 2545 - 2570

Published: May 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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