Integrating stakeholders’ perspectives and spatial modelling to develop scenarios of future land use and land cover change in northern Tanzania DOI Creative Commons
Rebecca Kariuki, Linus K. Munishi, Colin J. Courtney Mustaphi

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. e0245516 - e0245516

Published: Feb. 12, 2021

Rapid rates of land use and cover change (LULCC) in eastern Africa limited instances genuinely equal partnerships involving scientists, communities decision makers challenge the development robust pathways toward future environmental socioeconomic sustainability. We a participatory modelling tool, Kesho, to assess biophysical, socioeconomic, cultural governance factors that influenced past (1959-1999) present (2000-2018) LULCC northern Tanzania simulate four scenarios year 2030. Simulations used spatial integrate stakeholders' perceptions with social data on recent trends LULCC. From perspectives, between 1959 2018, was by climate variability, availability natural resources, agriculture expansion, urbanization, tourism growth legislation governing access resource management. Among other socio-environmental-political drivers, stakeholders envisioned from 2018 2030 will largely be health, economic capital, political implementing plans policies. The projected suggest agricultural have expanded 8-20% under different herbaceous vegetation forest reduced 2.5-5% 10-19% respectively. Stakeholder discussions further identified desirable futures as those improved infrastructure, restored degraded landscapes, effective wildlife conservation, better farming techniques. undesirable were characterized degradation, poverty, loss. Insights our work identify implications conservation meeting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets Kesho approach capitalizes knowledge exchanges among diverse stakeholders, process promotes learning, provides sense ownership outputs generated, democratizes scientific understanding, improves quality relevance outputs.

Language: Английский

Fire and biodiversity in the Anthropocene DOI
Luke T. Kelly, Katherine M. Giljohann, Andrea Duane

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 370(6519)

Published: Nov. 20, 2020

Fire's growing impacts on ecosystems Fire has played a prominent role in the evolution of biodiversity and is natural factor shaping many ecological communities. However, incidence fire been exacerbated by human activity, this now affecting habitats that have never prone or adapted. Kelly et al. review how such changes are already threatening species with extinction transforming terrestrial discuss trends causing regimes. They also consider actions could be taken conservationists policy-makers to help sustain time changing activity. Science , issue p. eabb0355

Language: Английский

Citations

469
Cross-boundary human impacts compromise the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem DOI Open Access
Michiel P. Veldhuis, Mark E. Ritchie, Joseph O. Ogutu

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 363(6434), P. 1424 - 1428

Published: March 28, 2019

Protected areas provide major benefits for humans in the form of ecosystem services, but landscape degradation by human activity at their edges may compromise ecological functioning. Using multiple lines evidence from 40 years research Serengeti-Mara ecosystem, we find that such edge has effectively "squeezed" wildlife into core protected area and altered ecosystem's dynamics even within this 40,000-square-kilometer ecosystem. This spatial cascade reduced resilience was mediated movement grazers, which grass fuel fires, weakened capacity soils to sequester nutrients carbon, decreased responsiveness primary production rainfall. Similar effects other ecosystems worldwide require rethinking natural resource management outside areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

223
Trophic rewilding can expand natural climate solutions DOI
Oswald J. Schmitz, Magnus Sylvén, Trisha B. Atwood

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 324 - 333

Published: March 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

104
Human Footprint and Forest Disturbance Reduce Space Use of Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) Across Europe DOI Creative Commons
Anne G. Hertel, Aida Parres, Shane C. Frank

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Three‐quarters of the planet's land surface has been altered by humans, with consequences for animal ecology, movements and related ecosystem functioning. Species often occupy wide geographical ranges contrasting human disturbance environmental conditions, yet, limited data availability across species' constrained our understanding how pressure resource jointly shape intraspecific variation space use. Leveraging a unique dataset 758 annual GPS movement trajectories from 375 brown bears ( Ursus arctos ) range in Europe, we investigated effects (i.e., footprint index), predictability, forest cover disturbance, area‐based conservation measures on bear We quantified use at different spatiotemporal scales during growing season (May–September): home size; representing general requirements, 10‐day long‐distance displacement distances, routine 1‐day distances. found large all scales, which was profoundly affected index, vegetation productivity, recent disturbances creating opportunity pulses. Bears occupied smaller moved less more anthropized landscapes areas higher predictability. Forest reduced while contiguous promoted longer daily movements. The amount strictly protected roadless within too small to affect Anthropized may hinder expansion isolated populations, such as Apennine Pyrenean, obstruct population connectivity, example between Dinaric Pindos Alpine or Carpathian population. Our findings call actions maintain high footprint, maintaining integrity, support viable populations their functions.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Human-wildlife conflicts and their correlates in Narok County, Kenya DOI Creative Commons

Joseph Mukeka,

Joseph O. Ogutu,

Erustus Kanga

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 18, P. e00620 - e00620

Published: April 1, 2019

Human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) are often caused by human population increase, high livestock and wildlife densities changing land use climate. These typically most intense in human-dominated systems where people, share the same landscapes during severe droughts. Consequently, HWC common developing countries still roam outside protected areas, such as parts of Africa. We analyze how vary across multiple species, seasons, years, regions to quantify their extent, causes consequences using data collected Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) Narok County 2001–2017. species contributed differentially that only six plus non-human primates 90% all conflict incidents (n = 13,848) 17-year period. Specifically, elephant (46.2%), buffalo (10.6%), Burchell's zebra (7.6%), leopard (7.3%), spotted hyena (5.8%) lion (3.3%), collectively 80.8%, whereas 11.7% conflicts. The three types were crop raiding (50.0%), attacks on humans (27.3%) depredation (17.6%). Crop was acute cereals (wheat maize) grown large scales. Carnivores more likely attack with body sizes comparable own. Thus, (44.0%, n 3,368) (37.9%, 2,903) killed sheep goats (63.1%, 531) hyenas (14.5%, 122) cattle. showed evident seasonal inter-annual fluctuations, reflecting underlying rainfall variation. Accordingly, highest 2008–2009 when lowest County. Similarly, peaked late wet season crops mature higher natural prey density is lowest. Land conversion agriculture increase numbers positively associated HWC. Effective strategies for reducing should be multi-faceted integrate variation intensity type between regions, seasons years. Such discourage habitat but encourage regulating density. Further, they promote zoning minimize contacts wildlife; effective herding methods predator-proof corrals fencing farms at greater risk destruction.

Language: Английский

Citations

132
Strange metallicity in the doped Hubbard model DOI Open Access
Edwin W. Huang, Ryan Sheppard, Brian Moritz

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366(6468), P. 987 - 990

Published: Nov. 22, 2019

Strange or bad metallic transport, defined by its incompatibility with conventional quasiparticle pictures, is a theme common to strongly correlated materials and ubiquitous in many high temperature superconductors. The Hubbard model represents minimal starting point for modeling systems. Here we demonstrate strange transport the doped two-dimensional using determinantal quantum Monte Carlo calculations. Over wide range of doping, observe resistivities exceeding Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit linear dependence. temperatures our calculations extend as low 1/40 non-interacting bandwidth, placing findings degenerate regime relevant experimental observations metallicity. Our results provide foundation connecting theories metals models materials.

Language: Английский

Citations

125
Transboundary Frontiers: An Emerging Priority for Biodiversity Conservation DOI
Jiajia Liu, Ding Yong, Chi‐Yeung Choi

et al.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(8), P. 679 - 690

Published: April 2, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

108
Deep learning enables satellite-based monitoring of large populations of terrestrial mammals across heterogeneous landscape DOI Creative Commons
Zijing Wu, Ce Zhang, Xiaowei Gu

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 27, 2023

Abstract New satellite remote sensing and machine learning techniques offer untapped possibilities to monitor global biodiversity with unprecedented speed precision. These efficiencies promise reveal novel ecological insights at spatial scales which are germane the management of populations entire ecosystems. Here, we present a robust transferable deep pipeline automatically locate count large herds migratory ungulates (wildebeest zebra) in Serengeti-Mara ecosystem using fine-resolution (38-50 cm) imagery. The results achieve accurate detection nearly 500,000 individuals across thousands square kilometers multiple habitat types, an overall F1-score 84.75% (Precision: 87.85%, Recall: 81.86%). This research demonstrates capability accurately very terrestrial mammals highly heterogeneous landscape. We also discuss potential for satellite-derived species detections advance basic understanding animal behavior ecology.

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Impact of cross-border transportation corridors on changes of land use and landscape pattern: A case study of the China-Laos railway DOI Open Access
Chiwei Xiao, Yi Wang,

Mingyan Yan

et al.

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 104924 - 104924

Published: Oct. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Mixed effectiveness of global protected areas in resisting habitat loss DOI Creative Commons
Guangdong Li, Chuanglin Fang, James E. M. Watson

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

15