The emergence of adaptive laboratory evolution as an efficient tool for biological discovery and industrial biotechnology

Metabolic Engineering, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 56, P. 1 - 16

Published: Aug. 9, 2019

Language: Английский

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Polygenic adaptation: a unifying framework to understand positive selection

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(12), P. 769 - 781

Published: June 29, 2020

Language: Английский

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Linking a mutation to survival in wild mice

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 363(6426), P. 499 - 504

Published: Feb. 1, 2019

How natural selection affects mouse coat color Evolution, at its core, involves changes in the frequency of alleles subject to selection. But identifying target can be difficult. Barrett et al. investigated how allele frequencies affecting pigmentation change over time (see Perspective by Pelletier). Wild-caught mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ) were exposed avian predators against naturally occurring dark or light backgrounds. Natural yielded shifts coloration owing genetic variants Agouti gene. Science , this issue p. 499 ; see also 452

Language: Английский

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Direct observation of adaptive tracking on ecological time scales in Drosophila

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 375(6586)

Published: March 17, 2022

Direct observation of evolution in response to natural environmental change can resolve fundamental questions about adaptation, including its pace, temporal dynamics, and underlying phenotypic genomic architecture. We tracked the fitness-associated phenotypes allele frequencies genome-wide 10 replicate field populations Drosophila melanogaster over generations from summer late fall. Adaptation was evident each sampling interval (one four generations), with exceptionally rapid adaptation large frequency shifts at many independent loci. The direction basis adaptive shifted repeatedly time, consistent action strong rapidly fluctuating selection. Overall, we found clear evidence tracking occurring contemporaneously change, thus demonstrating temporally dynamic nature adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Conservation and the Genomics of Populations

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Abstract Loss of biodiversity is among the greatest problems facing world today. Conservation and Genomics Populations gives a comprehensive overview essential background, concepts, tools needed to understand how genetic information can be used conserve species threatened with extinction, manage ecological or commercial importance. New molecular techniques, statistical methods, computer programs, principles, methods are becoming increasingly useful in conservation biological diversity. Using balance data theory, coupled basic applied research examples, this book examines phenotypic variation natural populations, principles mechanisms evolutionary change, interpretation from these conservation. The includes examples plants, animals, microbes wild captive populations. This third edition has been thoroughly revised include advances genomics contains new chapters on population genomics, monitoring, genetics practice, as well sections climate emerging diseases, metagenomics, more. More than one-third references were published after previous edition. Each 24 Appendix end Guest Box written by an expert who provides example presented chapter their own work. for advanced undergraduate graduate students genetics, resource management, biology, professional biologists policy-makers working wildlife habitat management agencies. Much will also interest nonprofessionals curious about role

Language: Английский

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A chromosomal inversion contributes to divergence in multiple traits between deer mouse ecotypes

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6604), P. 399 - 405

Published: July 21, 2022

How locally adapted ecotypes are established and maintained within a species is long-standing question in evolutionary biology. Using forest prairie of deer mice (

Language: Английский

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Local Adaptation: Causal Agents of Selection and Adaptive Trait Divergence

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 87 - 111

Published: July 25, 2022

Divergent selection across the landscape can favor evolution of local adaptation in populations experiencing contrasting conditions. Local is widely observed a diversity taxa, yet we have surprisingly limited understanding mechanisms that give rise to it. For instance, few experimentally confirmed biotic and abiotic variables promote adaptation, fewer identified phenotypic targets mediate adaptation. Here, highlight critical gaps our process discuss insights emerging from in-depth investigations agents drive phenotypes they target, genetic basis these phenotypes. We review historical contemporary methods for assessing explore whether manifests differently life history, evaluate constraints on

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms of adaptive evolution in wild animals and plants

Science China Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(3), P. 453 - 495

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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How chromosomal inversions reorient the evolutionary process

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(12), P. 1761 - 1782

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Abstract Inversions are structural mutations that reverse the sequence of a chromosome segment and reduce effective rate recombination in heterozygous state. They play major role adaptation, as well other evolutionary processes such speciation. Although inversions have been studied since 1920s, they remain difficult to investigate because reduced conferred by them strengthens effects drift hitchhiking, which turn can obscure signatures selection. Nonetheless, numerous found be under Given recent advances population genetic theory empirical study, here we review how different mechanisms selection affect evolution inversions. A key difference between mutations, single nucleotide variants, is fitness an inversion may affected larger number frequently interacting processes. This considerably complicates analysis causes underlying We discuss extent these disentangled, approach. often roles adaptation speciation, but direct their obscured characteristic makes so unique (reduced arrangements). In this review, examine impact evolution, weaving together both theoretical studies. emphasize most patterns overdetermined (i.e. caused multiple processes), highlight new technologies provide path forward towards disentangling mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Zebrafish Pigment Pattern Formation: Insights into the Development and Evolution of Adult Form

Annual Review of Genetics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 505 - 530

Published: Sept. 11, 2019

Vertebrate pigment patterns are diverse and fascinating adult traits that allow animals to recognize conspecifics, attract mates, avoid predators. Pigment in fish among the most amenable for studying cellular basis of form, as cells produce readily visible skin during development. The genetic pattern development has been studied zebrafish, Danio rerio. Zebrafish adults have alternating dark light horizontal stripes, resulting from precise arrangement three main classes cells: black melanophores, yellow xanthophores, iridescent iridophores. coordination cell lineage specification differentiation with specific interactions morphogenetic behaviors is necessary stripe Besides providing a nice example formation responsible an trait stripe-forming mechanisms also provide conceptual framework posing testable hypotheses about diversification more broadly. Here, we summarize what known lineages molecular required review some Danio, speculate on how distant teleosts may evolved stunningly array nature.

Language: Английский

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