Microbiome composition shapes rapid genomic adaptation ofDrosophila melanogaster

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 116(40), P. 20025 - 20032

Published: Sept. 16, 2019

Population genomic data has revealed patterns of genetic variation associated with adaptation in many taxa. Yet understanding the adaptive process that drives such is challenging; it requires disentangling ecological agents selection, determining relevant timescales over which evolution occurs, and elucidating architecture adaptation. Doing so for hosts to their microbiome particular interest growing recognition importance complexity host-microbe interactions. Here, we track pace an experimental manipulation replicate populations Drosophila melanogaster field mesocosms. Shifts composition altered population dynamics led divergence between treatments allele frequencies, regions showing strong found on all chromosomes. Moreover, at divergent loci previously across natural populations, more common fly experimentally enriched a certain microbial group was also high relative abundance group. These results suggest microbiomes may be agent selection shapes pattern and, broadly, single factor within complex environment can drive rapid, polygenic short timescales.

Language: Английский

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The genomics of coloration provides insights into adaptive evolution

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 461 - 475

Published: May 7, 2020

Language: Английский

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Fitness variation across subtle environmental perturbations reveals local modularity and global pleiotropy of adaptation

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 2, 2020

Building a genotype-phenotype-fitness map of adaptation is central goal in evolutionary biology. It difficult even when adaptive mutations are known because it hard to enumerate which phenotypes make these adaptive. We address this problem by first quantifying how the fitness hundreds yeast mutants responds subtle environmental shifts. then model number collectively influence decomposing patterns variation. find that small inferred can predict near their original glucose-limited evolution condition. Importantly, matter little at or condition strongly distant environments. This suggests locally modular - affecting environment where they evolved yet globally pleiotropic additional may reduce improve new

Language: Английский

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Coloration in Mammals

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(4), P. 357 - 366

Published: Jan. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

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Predicting future from past: The genomic basis of recurrent and rapid stickleback evolution

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(25)

Published: June 18, 2021

We perform an extensive genomic analysis of freshwater adaption in threespine stickleback to predict evolution other species.

Language: Английский

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QTL × environment interactions underlie adaptive divergence in switchgrass across a large latitudinal gradient

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 116(26), P. 12933 - 12941

Published: June 10, 2019

Local adaptation is the process by which natural selection drives adaptive phenotypic divergence across environmental gradients. Theory suggests that local results from genetic trade-offs at individual loci, where to one set of conditions in a cost fitness alternative environments. However, degree there are costs associated with poorly understood because most these experiments rely on two-site reciprocal transplant experiments. Here, we quantify benefits and locally loci 17° latitude four-grandparent outbred mapping population outcrossing switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.), an emerging biofuel crop dominant tallgrass species. We conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) 10 sites, ranging Texas South Dakota. This analysis revealed beneficial biomass (fitness) QTL generally incur minimal when transplanted other field sites distributed over large climatic gradient 2 y our study. Therefore, advantageous alleles could potentially be combined multiple through breeding create high-yielding regionally adapted cultivars.

Language: Английский

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Selective sweeps on novel and introgressed variation shape mimicry loci in a butterfly adaptive radiation

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. e3000597 - e3000597

Published: Feb. 6, 2020

Natural selection leaves distinct signatures in the genome that can reveal targets and history of adaptive evolution. By analysing high-coverage sequence data from 4 major colour pattern loci sampled nearly 600 individuals 53 populations, we show pervasive on wing patterns Heliconius radiation. The strongest correspond to with greatest phenotypic effects, consistent visual by predators, are found geographically restricted distributions. These recent sweeps similar between co-mimics indicate turn-over events despite strong stabilising selection. Using simulations, compare sweep expected under classic hard those resulting introgression, an important aspect mimicry evolution butterflies. Simulated recipient populations a 'volcano' peaks increased genetic diversity around selected target, characteristic introgressed variation some populations. Our genomic surprisingly dynamic co-evolution this

Language: Английский

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Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(30)

Published: July 18, 2022

Speciation is the process by which barriers to gene flow evolve between populations. Although we now know that speciation largely driven natural selection, knowledge of agents selection and genetic genomic mechanisms facilitate divergence required for a satisfactory theory speciation. In this essay, highlight three advances/problems in our understanding have arisen from studies genes regions underlie evolution reproductive isolation. First, describe how identification “speciation” makes it possible identify causing isolation, while also noting link genetics phenotypic intrinsic postzygotic remains tenuous. Second, discuss important role recombination suppressors facilitating with flow, but point out means timing become associated cold spots uncertain. Third, establish importance ancient variation speciation, although argue focus on evolutionarily young groups may bias conclusions favor relative new mutations.

Language: Английский

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Fitness maps to a large-effect locus in introduced stickleback populations

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(3)

Published: Jan. 7, 2021

Mutations of small effect underlie most adaptation to new environments, but beneficial variants with large fitness effects are expected contribute under certain conditions. Genes and genomic regions having on phenotypic differences between populations known from numerous taxa, sizes have rarely been estimated. We mapped over a generation in an F2 intercross marine lake stickleback population introduced freshwater pond. A quantitative trait locus map the number surviving offspring per female detected single, large-effect near Ectodysplasin (Eda), gene ancient allele causing reduced bony armor other changes. females homozygous for had twice as homozygotes allele, producing selection coefficient, s = 0.50 ± 0.09 SE. Correspondingly, frequency increased mothers 0.58 offspring. compare these results changes at Eda Alaskan colonized by 1980s. The rose steadily multiple generations reached 95% within 20 y, yielding similar estimate selection, 0.49 0.05, different degree dominance. These findings consistent studies suggesting strong this (and/or linked genes) fresh water. Selection genetic carried colonizing ancestors is likely increase prevalence adaptive evolution.

Language: Английский

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Loss of transcriptional plasticity but sustained adaptive capacity after adaptation to global change conditions in a marine copepod

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 3, 2022

Abstract Adaptive evolution and phenotypic plasticity will fuel resilience in the geologically unprecedented warming acidification of earth’s oceans, however, we have much to learn about interactions costs these mechanisms resilience. Here, using 20 generations experimental followed by three reciprocal transplants, investigated relationship between adaptation marine copepod, Acartia tonsa , future global change conditions (high temperature high CO 2 ). We found parallel genes related stress response, gene expression regulation, actin developmental processes, energy production. However, transplantation showed that resulted a loss transcriptional plasticity, reduced fecundity, population growth when change-adapted animals were returned ambient or reared low food conditions. after successive transplant generations, able match ambient-adaptive profile. Concurrent changes allele frequencies erosion nucleotide diversity suggest this recovery occurred via back ancestral These results demonstrate while facilitated initial survival conditions, it eroded as populations adapted, limiting new stressors previously benign environments.

Language: Английский

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