Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
49(18), P. 6632 - 6665
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
The
electrochemical
reduction
of
CO2
stores
intermittent
renewable
energy
in
valuable
raw
materials,
such
as
chemicals
and
transportation
fuels,
while
minimizing
carbon
emissions
promoting
carbon-neutral
cycles.
Recent
technoeconomic
reports
suggested
economically
feasible
target
products
electroreduction
the
relative
influence
key
performance
parameters
faradaic
efficiency
(FE),
current
density,
overpotential
practical
industrial-scale
applications.
Furthermore,
fundamental
factors,
available
reaction
pathways,
shared
intermediates,
competing
hydrogen
evolution
reaction,
scaling
relations
intermediate
binding
energies,
mass
transport
limitations,
should
be
considered
relation
to
performance.
Intensive
research
efforts
have
been
devoted
designing
developing
advanced
electrocatalysts
improving
mechanistic
understanding.
More
recently,
focus
was
extended
catalyst
environment,
because
interfacial
region
can
delicately
modulate
catalytic
activity
provide
effective
solutions
challenges
that
were
not
fully
addressed
material
development
studies.
Herein,
we
discuss
importance
catalyst-electrolyte
interfaces
operational
based
on
kinetic
equations.
extensively
review
previous
studies
controlling
organic
modulators,
electrolyte
ions,
electrode
structures,
well
three-phase
boundary
at
interface.
modulates
electrocatalytic
properties
via
electronic
modification,
stabilization,
proton
delivery
regulation,
structure
reactant
concentration
control,
regulation.
We
understanding
interface
its
effect
activity.
Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
372(6546), P. 1074 - 1078
Published: June 3, 2021
Carbon
dioxide
electroreduction
(CO2R)
is
being
actively
studied
as
a
promising
route
to
convert
carbon
emissions
valuable
chemicals
and
fuels.
However,
the
fraction
of
input
CO2
that
productively
reduced
has
typically
been
very
low,
<2%
for
multicarbon
products;
balance
reacts
with
hydroxide
form
carbonate
in
both
alkaline
neutral
reactors.
Acidic
electrolytes
would
overcome
this
limitation,
but
hydrogen
evolution
hitherto
dominated
under
those
conditions.
We
report
concentrating
potassium
cations
vicinity
electrochemically
active
sites
accelerates
activation
enable
efficient
CO2R
acid.
achieve
on
copper
at
pH
<1
single-pass
utilization
77%,
including
conversion
efficiency
50%
toward
products
(ethylene,
ethanol,
1-propanol)
current
density
1.2
amperes
per
square
centimeter
full-cell
voltage
4.2
volts.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
34(16)
Published: Dec. 4, 2021
Abstract
Electrochemical
water
splitting
technology
for
producing
“green
hydrogen”
is
important
the
global
mission
of
carbon
neutrality.
Electrocatalysts
with
decent
performance
at
high
current
densities
play
a
central
role
in
industrial
implementation
this
technology.
This
field
has
advanced
immensely
recent
years,
as
witnessed
by
many
types
catalysts
designed
and
synthesized
toward
industriallyrelevant
(>200
mA
cm
–2
).
By
discussing
advances
field,
several
key
aspects
are
summarized
that
affect
catalytic
high‐current‐density
electrocatalysis,
including
dimensionality
catalysts,
surface
chemistry,
electron
transport
path,
morphology,
catalyst‐electrolyte
interplay.
The
multiscale
design
strategy
considers
these
comprehensively
developing
electrocatalysts
highlighted.
perspectives
on
future
directions
emerging
also
put
forward.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
60(36), P. 19572 - 19590
Published: Feb. 19, 2021
Abstract
Compared
to
modern
fossil‐fuel‐based
refineries,
the
emerging
electrocatalytic
refinery
(e‐refinery)
is
a
more
sustainable
and
environmentally
benign
strategy
convert
renewable
feedstocks
energy
sources
into
transportable
fuels
value‐added
chemicals.
A
crucial
step
in
conducting
e‐refinery
processes
development
of
appropriate
reactions
optimal
electrocatalysts
for
efficient
cleavage
formation
chemical
bonds.
However,
compared
well‐studied
primary
(e.g.,
O
2
reduction,
water
splitting),
mechanistic
aspects
materials
design
complex
are
yet
be
settled.
To
address
this
challenge,
herein,
we
first
present
fundamentals
heterogeneous
electrocatalysis
some
reactions,
then
implement
these
establish
framework
by
coupling
situ
generated
intermediates
(integrated
reactions)
or
products
(tandem
reactions).
We
also
set
principles
strategies
efficiently
manipulate
reaction
pathways.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Oct. 16, 2020
Carbonate
formation
is
the
primary
source
of
energy
and
carbon
losses
in
low-temperature
dioxide
electrolysis.
Realigning
research
priorities
to
address
carbonate
problem
essential
if
this
technology
become
a
viable
option
for
renewable
chemical
fuel
production.
Low-temperature
electrolysis
an
attractive
process
sustainable
synthesis,
but
current
systems
suffer
from
low
efficiency.
In
comment,
authors
discuss
limitations
arising
reaction
between
hydroxide,
highlighting
need
new
fundamental
problem.
