Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 1, 2025
There
are
several
physiological
reasons
why
biological
organisms
sleep.
One
key
one
concerns
brain
metabolism.
In
our
article
we
discuss
the
role
of
metabolism
in
myelin,
based
on
recent
discovery
that
myelin
contains
mitochondrial
components
enable
production
adenosine
triphosphate
(ATP)
via
oxidative
phosphorylation
(OXPHOS).
These
probably
originate
from
vesiculation
membranes
form
derived
vesicles
(MDVs).
We
hypothesize
acts
as
a
proton
capacitor,
accumulating
energy
protons
during
sleep
and
converting
it
to
ATP
OXPHOS
wakefulness.
Empirical
evidence
supporting
hypothesis
is
discussed,
including
data
metabolic
activity,
MDVs,
allometric
scaling
between
white
matter
volume
duration
mammals.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Feb. 20, 2023
Abstract
Perivascular
spaces
are
important
highways
for
fluid
and
solute
transport
in
the
brain
enabling
efficient
waste
clearance
during
sleep.
However,
underlying
mechanisms
augmenting
perivascular
flow
sleep
unknown.
Using
two-photon
imaging
of
naturally
sleeping
male
mice
we
demonstrate
cycle-dependent
vascular
dynamics
pial
arteries
penetrating
arterioles:
slow,
large-amplitude
oscillations
NREM
sleep,
a
vasodilation
REM
vasoconstriction
upon
awakening
at
end
cycle
microarousals
intermediate
These
mirrored
by
changes
size
slow
fluctuations
reduction
an
enlargement
after
By
biomechanical
modeling
that
these
likely
enhance
to
levels
comparable
cardiac
pulsation-driven
oscillations.
Neuron,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Continuous
sleep
restores
the
brain
and
body,
whereas
fragmented
harms
cognition
health.
Microarousals
(MAs),
brief
(3-
to
15-s-long)
wake
intrusions
into
sleep,
are
clinical
markers
for
various
disorders.
Recent
rodent
studies
show
that
MAs
during
healthy
non-rapid
eye
movement
(NREM)
driven
by
infraslow
fluctuations
of
noradrenaline
(NA)
in
coordination
with
electrophysiological
rhythms,
vasomotor
activity,
cerebral
blood
volume,
glymphatic
flow.
hence
part
dynamics,
raising
questions
about
their
biological
roles.
We
propose
bolster
NREM
sleep's
benefits
associated
NA
fluctuations,
according
an
inverted
U-shaped
curve.
Weakened
noradrenergic
as
may
occur
neurodegenerative
diseases
or
aids,
reduce
MAs,
exacerbated
caused
stress
fragment
collapse
signaling.
suggest
crucial
restorative
plasticity-promoting
functions
advance
our
insight
normal
pathological
arousal
dynamics
from
sleep.
PLoS Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21(3), P. e3002035 - e3002035
Published: March 30, 2023
Cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
flow
maintains
healthy
brain
homeostasis,
facilitating
solute
transport
and
the
exchange
of
waste
products.
CSF
is
thus
important
for
health,
but
mechanisms
that
control
its
large-scale
movement
through
ventricles
are
not
well
understood.
While
it
established
modulated
by
respiratory
cardiovascular
dynamics,
recent
work
has
also
demonstrated
neural
activity
coupled
to
large
waves
in
during
sleep.
To
test
whether
temporal
coupling
between
part
due
a
causal
relationship,
we
investigated
could
be
induced
driving
with
intense
visual
stimulation.
We
manipulated
flickering
checkerboard
stimulus
found
drive
macroscopic
human
brain.
The
timing
amplitude
was
matched
visually
evoked
hemodynamic
responses,
suggesting
can
modulate
via
neurovascular
coupling.
These
results
demonstrate
contribute
dynamics
explain
this
effect.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(11), P. 9603 - 9603
Published: May 31, 2023
Gut
microbiota
comprises
the
microbial
communities
inhabiting
our
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tracts.
Accordingly,
these
complex
play
a
fundamental
role
in
many
host
processes
and
are
closely
implicated
human
health
diseases.
Sleep
deprivation
(SD)
has
become
increasingly
common
modern
society,
partly
owing
to
rising
pressure
of
work
diversification
entertainment.
It
is
well
documented
that
sleep
loss
significant
cause
various
adverse
outcomes
on
including
immune-related
metabolic
Furthermore,
accumulating
evidence
suggests
gut
dysbiosis
associated
with
SD-induced
In
this
review,
we
summarize
caused
by
SD
succedent
diseases
ranging
from
immune
system
organs
highlight
critical
roles
The
implications
possible
strategies
alleviate
SD-related
also
provided.
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: March 26, 2024
Abstract
Waste
from
the
brain
has
been
shown
to
be
cleared
via
perivascular
spaces
through
so-called
glymphatic
system.
According
this
model
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
enters
in
of
arteries,
crosses
astrocyte
endfoot
layer,
flows
parenchyma
collecting
waste
that
is
subsequently
drained
along
veins.
Glymphatic
clearance
dependent
on
astrocytic
aquaporin-4
(AQP4)
water
channels
are
highly
enriched
endfeet.
Even
though
polarized
expression
AQP4
endfeet
thought
crucial
importance
for
CSF
influx,
its
role
extracellular
solute
only
evaluated
using
non-quantitative
fluorescence
measurements.
Here
we
have
quantitatively
intrastriatally
infused
small
and
large
radioactively
labeled
solutes
mice
lacking
(
Aqp4
–/–
)
or
pool
Snta1
).
We
confirm
show
reduced
both
solutes.
Moreover,
find
500
kDa
[
3
H]dextran,
but
not
0.18
H]mannitol
suggesting
polarization
primarily
important
large,
molecules.
Lastly,
observed
H]dextran
increased
with
age
adult
mice.
Based
our
quantitative
measurements,
presence
solutes,
while
localization
seems
a
greater
impact
versus
