Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 375(6578)
Published: Jan. 20, 2022
The analysis of dinosaur ecology hinges on the appropriate reconstruction and biodiversity. Benson et al. question data used in our subsequent interpretation results. We address these concerns show that their reanalysis is flawed. Indeed, when occurrences are filtered to include only valid taxa, revised dataset strengthens earlier conclusions.
Language: Английский
Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 244, P. 104537 - 104537
Published: Aug. 8, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10)
Published: Oct. 1, 2023
There is a contemporary trend in many major research institutions to de-emphasize the importance of natural history education favor theoretical, laboratory, or simulation-based programs. This may take form removing biodiversity and field courses from curriculum sometimes subtle maligning as "lesser" branch science. Additional threats include massive funding cuts museums maintenance their collections, extirpation taxonomists across disciplines, critical under-appreciation role that data (and other forms observational data, including Indigenous knowledge) play scientific process. In this paper, we demonstrate knowledge integral any competitive science program through comprehensive review ways which they continue shape modern theory public perception We do so by reviewing how has guided disciplines ecology, evolution, conservation are crucial for effective programs policy. underscore these insights with case studies, including: understanding dynamics evolutionary radiation relies on data; methods extracting novel museum specimens; provided multi-decade programs; most logical venue creating an informed scientifically literate society. conclude recommendations aimed at students, university faculty, administrators integrating supporting mandates. Fundamentally, all interested world, but can often fall into habit abstracting our away its contexts complexities. Doing risks losing sight entire vistas new questions over-emphasis simulated overly controlled studies.
Language: Английский
Citations
22
Palaeontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(3)
Published: May 1, 2023
Abstract A prominent hypothesis in the diversification of placental mammals after Cretaceous–Palaeogene (K/Pg) boundary suggests that extinction non‐avian dinosaurs resulted ecological release mammals, which were previously constrained to small body sizes and limited species richness. This ‘dinosaur incumbency hypothesis’ may therefore explain increases mammalian diversity via expansion into larger size niches, occupied by dinosaurs, but does not directly predict other classes. To evaluate this, we estimate sampling‐standardized patterns terrestrial North American fossil within classes, during Cretaceous Palaeogene. We find strong evidence for post‐extinction all Increases small‐bodied (less than 100 g, common class much smaller smallest non‐avialan ( c . 400 g)) similar those species. propose had access greater energetic resources or able partition more finely K/Pg mass extinction. is likely be result a combination widespread niche clearing due extinctions, alongside suite biotic abiotic changes occurred Late across boundary, such as shifting floral composition, novel key innovations among eutherian mammals.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(11)
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Dinosaurs thrived for over 160 million years in Mesozoic ecosystems, displaying diverse ecological and evolutionary adaptations. Their ecology was shaped by large-scale climatic biogeographic changes, calling a ‘deep-time’ macroecological investigation. These factors include temperature fluctuations the break up of Pangaea, influencing species richness, diversity history. Recent improvements dinosaur fossil record have enabled studies their responses to tectonic, geographic shifts. Trends diversity, body size reproductive traits can now be analysed using quantitative approaches like phylogenetic comparative methods, machine learning Bayesian inference. patterns sometimes align with, but also deviate from, first-order rules (e.g. species–area relationship, latitudinal biodiversity gradient, Bergmann’s rule). Accurate reconstructions palaeobiodiversity niche partitioning require ongoing taxonomic revisions detailed anatomical descriptions. Interdisciplinary research combining sedimentology, geochemistry palaeoclimatology helps uncover environmental conditions driving Fieldwork under-sampled regions, particularly at extremes, is crucial understanding spatial heterogeneity ecosystems across planet. Open science initiatives online databases play key role advancing this field, enriching our deep-time processes, offering new insights into macroecology its broader implications.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Paleobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(2), P. 226 - 238
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract The Fezouata Shale Formation has dramatically impacted our understanding of Early Ordovician marine ecosystems before the great biodiversification event (GOBE), thanks to abundance and quality exceptionally preserved animals within it. Systematic work noted that shelly fossil subassemblages biota are typical open-marine deposits from Lower Ordovician, but no studies have tested quantitative validity this statement. We extracted 491 occurrences recalcitrant genera Paleobiology Database reconstruct 31 explore paleoecology other contemporary, high-latitude (66°S–90°S) (485.4–470 Ma) test interpretation is for an environment. Sørensen's dissimilarity metrics Wilcoxon tests indicate Tremadocian-aged lower approximately 20% more heterogenous than Floian-aged upper Shale. Dissimilarity visualization suggest while share faunal components, two sections distinct faunas. find composition comparable with high latitudes, suggesting it also differences in between Tremadocian- deposits. Our results corroborate previous field-based qualitative systematic concluded assemblages those latitudes. This establishes first baseline examining variability will be key future attempting discern degree which can inform just start GOBE.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 49(3), P. 327 - 341
Published: July 25, 2022
Abstract The Late Cretaceous dinosaur Tyrannosaurus rex was recently split into three species based on the premise that variation in T. hypodigm is exceptional, indicating cryptic and “robust” “gracile” morphs. morphs are proportional ratios throughout skeleton. claimed to be stratigraphically separate, with an early robust followed by gracile descendants. There problems hypothesis: taxon diagnoses two features overlap between species; several skulls cannot identified diagnoses; comparisons other theropods incomparable samples; tooth data problematic; stratigraphic framework divides Hell Creek Formation thirds, without position of each specimen, or independent age control showing subdivisions coeval over entire geographic area; previous work found , but it parsed discrete categories. We tested for analyzing femoral were published multiple study using agglomerative hierarchical clustering. results set explained one cluster, dimorphism not supported. exceptional ratio ; we calculated mean intraspecific robusticity 112 living birds 4 nonavian theropods. showed absolute unexceptional does indicate diversity. conclude “ regina ” imperator subjective junior synonyms .
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 375(6578)
Published: Jan. 20, 2022
The analysis of dinosaur ecology hinges on the appropriate reconstruction and biodiversity. Benson et al. question data used in our subsequent interpretation results. We address these concerns show that their reanalysis is flawed. Indeed, when occurrences are filtered to include only valid taxa, revised dataset strengthens earlier conclusions.
Language: Английский
Citations
1