Community forest governance and synergies among carbon, biodiversity and livelihoods DOI Creative Commons
Harry W. Fischer, Ashwini Chhatre,

Apurva Duddu

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1340 - 1347

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Abstract Forest landscape restoration has emerged as a key strategy to sequester atmospheric carbon and conserve biodiversity while providing livelihood co-benefits for indigenous peoples local communities. Using dataset of 314 forest commons in human-dominated landscapes 15 tropical countries Africa, Asia Latin America, we examine the relationships among sequestered above-ground woody biomass, tree species richness livelihoods. We find five distinct clusters commons, with trade-offs on multiple dimensions. The presence formal community management association participation rule-making are consistent predictors positive outcomes. These findings, drawn from range contexts globally, suggest that empowered governance may support objectives restoration. Our analysis advances understanding institutional aspects underscoring importance analysing interconnections benefits inform effective interventions multifunctional forests.

Language: Английский

The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity DOI
James R. Allan, Hugh P. Possingham, Scott Atkinson

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 376(6597), P. 1094 - 1101

Published: June 2, 2022

Ambitious conservation efforts are needed to stop the global biodiversity crisis. In this study, we estimate minimum land area secure important areas, ecologically intact and optimal locations for representation of species ranges ecoregions. We discover that at least 64 million square kilometers (44% terrestrial area) would require attention (ranging from protected areas land-use policies) meet goal. More than 1.8 billion people live on these lands, so responses promote autonomy, self-determination, equity, sustainable management safeguarding essential. Spatially explicit scenarios suggest 1.3 is risk being converted intensive human uses by 2030, which requires immediate attention. However, a sevenfold difference exists between amount habitat in optimistic pessimistic scenarios, highlighting an opportunity avert Appropriate targets Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework encourage identified contribute substantially biodiversity.

Language: Английский

Citations

169
Global hotspots for soil nature conservation DOI
Carlos A. Guerra, Miguel Berdugo, David J. Eldridge

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 610(7933), P. 693 - 698

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

116
Achieving a nature- and people-positive future DOI Creative Commons
David Obura, Fabrice DeClerck, Peter H. Verburg

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 105 - 117

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Despite decades of increasing investment in conservation, we have not succeeded "bending the curve" biodiversity decline. Efforts to meet new targets and goals for next three risk repeating this outcome due factors: neglect drivers decline; unrealistic expectations time frames recovery; insufficient attention justice within between generations across countries. Our Earth system approach identifies six sets actions that when tackled simultaneously address these failings: (1) reduce reverse direct indirect causing (2) halt loss; (3) restore regenerate a safe state; (4) raise minimum wellbeing all; (5) eliminate over-consumption excesses associated with accumulation capital; (6) uphold respect rights responsibilities all communities, present future. Current conservation campaigns primarily 2 3, urgent upscaling 1, 4, 5, 6 needed help deliver post-2020 global framework.

Language: Английский

Citations

81
Area-based conservation: Taking stock and looking ahead DOI Creative Commons
Georgina G. Gurney, Vanessa M. Adams, Jorge G. Álvarez‐Romero

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 98 - 104

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Area-based conservation, particularly of protected areas, is the primary approach used globally to address biodiversity decline and currently covers 8% world's oceans 17% its lands. In wake adoption Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework under Convention on Biological Diversity, area-based conservation (including areas other effective measures [OECMs]) set diversify rapidly expand as mandated by 30x30 target protect 30% planet 2030. At this pivotal point, we take stock approach, including history in global policy performance date. We outline following priority directions ensure contributes securing a sustainable just future: (1) embracing diverse toolbox stem loss, (2) centering social equity (3) adopting robust monitoring review processes equitable outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

68
Toward healthy and sustainable diets for the 21st century: Importance of sociocultural and economic considerations DOI Creative Commons
Sander Biesbroek, Frans J. Kok, Adele Tufford

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(26)

Published: June 12, 2023

Four years after the EAT-Lancet landmark report, worldwide movements call for action to reorient food systems healthy diets that respect planetary boundaries. Since dietary habits are inherently local and personal, any shift toward sustainable going against this identity will have an uphill road. Therefore, research should address tension between global nature of biophysical (health, environment) social dimensions (culture, economy). Advancing system transformation healthy, transcends personal control engaging consumers. The challenge science is scale-up, become more interdisciplinary, engage with policymakers actors. This provide evidential basis from current narrative price, convenience, taste one health, sustainability, equity. breaches boundaries environmental health costs can no longer be considered externalities. However, conflicting interests traditions frustrate effective changes in human-made system. Public private stakeholders must embrace inclusiveness include role accountability all actors microlevel macrolevel. To achieve transformation, a new “social contract,” led by governments, needed redefine economic regulatory power balance consumers (inter)national

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Countries’ differentiated responsibilities to fulfill area-based conservation targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework DOI Creative Commons

Xiaoli Shen,

Mingzhang Liu, Jeffrey O. Hanson

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. 548 - 559

Published: May 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

45
Mapping the planet’s critical areas for biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people DOI Creative Commons
Rachel Neugarten, Rebecca Chaplin‐Kramer, Richard Sharp

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Meeting global commitments to conservation, climate, and sustainable development requires consideration of synergies tradeoffs among targets. We evaluate the spatial congruence ecosystems providing globally high levels nature’s contributions people, biodiversity, areas with potential across several sectors. find that conserving approximately half land area through protection or management could provide 90% current ten people meet minimum representation targets for 26,709 terrestrial vertebrate species. This finding supports recent by national governments under Global Biodiversity Framework conserve at least 30% lands waters, proposals Earth. More than one-third required species are also highly suitable agriculture, renewable energy, oil gas, mining, urban expansion. indicates conflicts climate goals.

Language: Английский

Citations

42
A just world on a safe planet: a Lancet Planetary Health–Earth Commission report on Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations DOI Creative Commons
Joyeeta Gupta, Xuemei Bai, Diana Liverman

et al.

The Lancet Planetary Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. e813 - e873

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Synthesis reveals approximately balanced biotic differentiation and homogenization DOI Creative Commons
Shane A. Blowes, Brian J. McGill, Viviana Brambilla

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(8)

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

It is commonly thought that the biodiversity crisis includes widespread declines in spatial variation of species composition, called biotic homogenization. Using a typology relating homogenization and differentiation to local regional diversity changes, we synthesize patterns across 461 metacommunities surveyed for 10 91 years, 64 checklists (13 500+ years). Across all datasets, found no change was most common outcome, but with many instances differentiation. A weak homogenizing trend 0.3% increase shared among communities/year on average driven by increased numbers (high occupancy) strongly associated checklist data have longer durations large scales. At smaller temporal scales, show can be changes number distributions both rare species. The multiscale perspective introduced here help identify scale-dependent drivers underpinning

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Securing Nature’s Contributions to People requires at least 20%–25% (semi-)natural habitat in human-modified landscapes DOI Creative Commons
Awaz Mohamed, Fabrice DeClerck, Peter H. Verburg

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 59 - 71

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The cascading effects of biodiversity decline on human well-being present a pressing challenge for sustainable development. Conservation efforts often prioritize safeguarding specific species, habitats, or intact ecosystems but overlook biodiversity's fundamental role in providing Nature's Contributions to People (NCP) human-modified landscapes. Here, we systematically review 154 peer-reviewed studies estimate the minimum levels (semi-)natural habitat quantity, quality, and spatial configuration needed landscapes secure functional integrity essential sustaining NCP provision. We find that provision multiple is threatened when landscape falls below an area 20%–25% each km2. Five almost completely disappear level 10% habitat. exact required depends local context NCP. Today, about two-thirds lands have insufficient habitat, requiring action regeneration. Our findings serve as generic guideline target conservation actions outside natural areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

18